To trace the origin of the Transcendental movement one needs to go back to the city of Concord, Massachusetts. There during the early 19th century many well-known and world-renowned authors were following the practices of one man, Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emerson, who was considered America's first philosopher, had earlier traveled to Europe and became fascinated by the concepts of one German philosopher known as Kant. According to Emerson's understanding of Kant, there were two pure objects in the world in which are the bases of everything, nature and soul. He took this philosophy and brought it back to America where it later, with the help of Henry David Thoreau, revolutionized American literature.
With the spread of the Transcendental philosophy, people started to believe that the important things in life are not material but, in a much grander scale, spiritual. In order to live truly spiritual lives one must dispose of all unneeded items and resort to living a simplistic life. This simplicity can be found by using nature. All of nature is pure and in it lives the soul of God. Not only does this soul live in nature it is also built up in every human being, and to free it one needs to find the truth inside oneself. To do this a human being needs rid of all the extra items that keep them from living simple lives and then listening to one's inner-self. Intuition and self-reliance are the paths to true happiness because once someone has freed the spirit of God within, nothing else is needed.
These beliefs of Transcendentalists were unofficially brought forth in Emerson's Nature. Emerson went on to be the main source of most of transcendental belief's exposure to the world by writing poetry and other forms of literature. He even founded the transcendental magazine, known as The Dial. In his collection of essays known as Self-Reliance, Emerson discusses the reasons for being a nonconformist, the proper reasons for travel, and the needless reliance on property. In his essay A Nonconformist, he states, "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind. Absolve you to yourself, and you shall have the suffrage of the world." In this statement Emerson resolves to say that those who conform to follow the institutions of life can not be able to listen to the intuition which lies inside them.
“Transcendentalism, An American Philosophy.” U.S. History Online Textbook. Independence Hall Association, n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2014.
“Everyman, I will go with thee and by thy guide, in thy most need to go by thy side,” said Randolf Hayes while talking about Ralph Waldo Emerson. One of Ralph Waldo Emerson’s pieces of literature is The American Scholar. This connects to Jon Krakuaer’s novel, Into the Wild. All of these pieces connect because they all show transcendentalism.
Transcendentalism was a powerful movement which inspired many to make drastic changes in their lives, one of the most important of which was individual simplicity. Individual simplicity, while important, was also the simplest of the cornerstones to achieve in order to live as a Transcendentalist. This cornerstone is defined literally as to enjoy life’s bare necessities, fend for oneself, and separate from society. This cornerstone was demonstrated by Ralph Waldo Emerson when he described how he felt in nature, “I become a transparent eyeball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the universal being circulate through; I am part or parcel of God (389). Emerson is often referred to as the founder of Transcendentalism, and as a founding father his references to the cornerstones of the movement he helped start are some of the most clear and illustrative. Emerson described himself in nature as “A transparent eyeball” and “I am nothing” these descriptions of his personal feelings in nature show individual simplicity. Using the odd analogy of a transparent eyeball helps show that he felt powerful and i...
Ralph Waldo Emerson was the foremost pioneer of Transcendentalism. As many of the Transcendentalists, he wrote about what it was to be an individual. Transcendentalism is exactly the opposite of the aphorism “go with the flow”, which can be heard regularly in our modern vernacular. This is exactly what the Emerson and other Transcendentalists sought to exterminate: the idea that...
Transcendentalism is a social, religious, and literary movement: a philosophy. Combining elements from the romantic period with eastern philosophical beliefs, it sought to fight against rationalism and conformism by inspiring individuals to look into their inner selves and embrace their own beliefs. One of the spearheads leading this movement was Ralph Waldo Emerson: an American writer and philosopher who sought to teach others what he himself had found. Transcendalists, such as Emerson, viewed society as a catalyst for downfall and instead believed that humans were inherently good and pure; embracing our inner feelings and emotions and ignoring expectations and conformity are essential to achieve happiness and fulfillment. Such ideas can
The Transcendentalism movement grew out of Unitarianism, which is a religious movement in which it is strongly stood behind the bringings of stability, rational though, and marks of Enlightened Christianity. Unitarianism would try to increase their relevancy by start to instill their values, and eventually
Ralph Waldo Emerson and David Thoreau both lived during the 1800s in Massachusetts, United States of America. Both of them were leaders of the transcendental movement that happened in the U.S. in XIX-th century. This brought into the social life of Americans a new philosophy not only in religion and literary aspect. Waldo Emerson was seen as the center of the transcendentalism as he built and promoted most of the transcendental ideas and thoughts. Unlike Ralph Emerson, David Thoreau was not as popular but he also helped in building the ideas and concepts of this movement
David Henry Thoreau was born on July 12, 1817 and lived nearly all of his life in Concord, Massachusetts, a small town about twenty miles west of Boston. He was the third child with his older siblings John and Helen and younger sister Sophia. His father John was a shopkeeper. John moved his family to Chelmsford and Boston, following business opportunities. In 1823 the family moved back to Concord where John established a pencil-making concern that eventually brought financial stability to the family. Thoreau’s mother, Cynthia Dunbar, took in boarders from rented out sections of the house to help keep ends meet. Thoreau’s older siblings, Helen and John, Jr were both schoolteachers; when it was decided that their brother should further
What is Transcendentalism? What is Transcendentalism? Though this may sound like a new topic to you, its major tenets have been around for almost a century and many are still influencing modern life today. Transcendentalism is an American literary, political, and philosophical movement of the early nineteenth century, centered around the premises of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Along with Emerson, other important Transcendentalists including Henry David Thoreau, Emily Dickenson, and Walt Whitman also took on the unconventional morals of this movement.
There have been hundreds of writers that have left their mark the American literature. Many writers use their ideas and beliefs when they write their stories. These stories are then in society forever and they influence future writers. Writers are influenced by the stories they read or grow up reading. Every writer touches American literature in their own unique way. Henry David Thoreau influenced American literature the most because he inspired future writers to have and use a connection to nature in their writing, he changed writings to focus on using the imagination, and he influenced writers to be individuals by not sticking to conformity as people or in their works.
Transcendentalism is an American literary, political, and philosophical movement of the early nineteenth century that was majorly influenced by a romantic way of thinking. This meant that they were forming new conclusions about the natural world and that they were less rational, more intuitive, more in touch with the senses. A major belief of transcendentalism was the goodness of both nature and people, and that society corrupts the purity of an individual. Two influential transcendentalists were Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emerson and Thoreau were both involved in social reform movements such as women’s rights and anti-slavery.
“The term transcendental came from the German Romantic philosopher Immanuel Kant. The term refers to the idea that matters of ultimate reality, God, the cosmos, the self transcend, or go beyond, human experience.”(www.geocities.com). Transcendental later developed into Transcendentalism, which is
In this essay, I am going to talk about Ralph Waldo Emerson. He was born on May 25, 1803. His hometown Boston, Massachusetts. He is one of 7 children in his family. He sadly died on April 27, 1882.
...ed to an optimistic emphasis on individualism, self-reliance, and rejection of traditional authority” (American 1). The major players in the transcendentalist movement are Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. They shared ideas such as self-reliance, and ideas about how there is a divine being that controls every person. They influenced many other writers and they even had an effect on the American society, then and now. Transcendentalism was a philosophy and a way of life. It will continue to be this as long as we have access to the great minds of the transcendental movement.
The Anthology of American Literature says, “Like his philosophy, his writing seemed to lack organization, but it swarmed with epigrams and memorable passages” (939). Even though Ralph Waldo Emerson’s works had flaws, he “was nineteenth-century America’s most notable essayist” (Anthology of American Literature, 938). According to Daniel G. Payne, Emerson’s point of view of transcendentalism is “views on nature and its relation to God and the human soul” (Payne). Standing on the bare ground, my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space, all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God" (942).