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Utilitarianism and animal rights
Animal Rights Argument Essays
Animal Rights Argument Essays
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Recommended: Utilitarianism and animal rights
In all aspects of life, animals play a major role in society. Animals are living beings that are often used, mistreated, or neglected. Animals serve as sources of entertainment, cohorts, clothing, and food. Although not all animals are treated with disrespect, there are cases in which they are valued and upheld. It is an ethical quandary that challenges society on the proper way in which animals should be treated. In which, most of these solutions conflict with what is best for humans. Philosopher and animals right advocate, Tom Regan, is committed to argue why he believes all who have inherent value have it equally. There are two ways that must be identified how philosophers separate in which something has worth: inherent value and instrumental …show more content…
In the book, he forms an argument that all ‘subjects of a life’ have inherent value. The term ‘subject of a life” refers to the unique life story of all animals. In his argument, Regan claims that “all subjects of a life have the right to be treated with dignity and respect. It is unacceptable to treat animals as objects or use by others” (The Case For Animal Rights). A contradicting view Regan rejects is that of Utilitarianism. This view contradicts with the idea of all things having value. Species are simply replaceable living things. For the Utilitarianist, any act of malicious intent can be vindicated if it ends in a good result. Regan argues for,” The total abolition of the use of animals in science. The total dissolution of commercial animal agriculture. The total elimination of commercial and sport hunting and trapping” (Waller 64). All conditions that fail to honor the right of animals is considered wrong. He argues that the same logical principles that apply to humans should relate to animals. This argument is based on the reasoning of deontology. Deontology is an approach that focuses on whether actions are right or wrong, instead of the consequences of those actions. It judges morals based on
What do we, as humans have to do in order to give nonhuman animals the proper treatment and equal moral consideration as we owe for other humans? Some, such as Jeremy Bentham would address that, “The greatest happiness of the greatest number is the foundation of morals and legislation” (99). Other moral philosophers, like Henry Sidgwick, however reject the theory of utilitarianism thinking that is pleasure all that really matters and are consequences all that matters (111-112)? Humans use nonhuman animals for one purpose; pleasure from using their skins for luxury goods. In this paper, I will explain and examine what Jeremy Bentham is trying explain in his argument, and will attempt to show that his argument is a plausible one, by replying an objection against his utilitarian view.
In “Are Zoos Morally Defensible?” philosopher Tom Regan argues that non-human animals in fact do have rights and that therefore, zoos are not morally defensible. In this context, zoos will be defined as “a professionally managed zoological institution accredited by the AZA and having a collection of live animals used for conservation, scientific studies, public education, and public display (Regan 392).” Regan states that in previous times, animals were often regarded as lesser to humans, leading to the interests of humans forming “the center of the universe (Regan 393).” Throughout Regan’s paper, he explores both the utilitarianism viewpoint and the rights viewpoint of the morality of zoological institutions. Utilitarianism is the belief
, L. A., & , M. M. (2012, December 12). Deontology Ethics. Retrieved May 19, 2014, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-deontological/#WeaDeoThe
Wyckoff, Jason, and M.A Bertz. "The Animal Rights Debate: Abolition or Regulation? - By Gary L. Francione & Robert Garner." Journal of Applied Philosophy 28.4 (2011): 414-16. Print.
Lastly, he argues that sentience is the only characteristic that should be considered in terms of granting animal rights. This leads him to the conclusion that “if a being suffers, there can be no moral justification for refusing to take that suffering into consideration. The principle of equality requires that its suffering be counted equally with the like suffering – insofar as rough comparisons can be made – of any other being”. Before I continue, it is important to note the distinction that Singer makes between “equal considerations” and “equal treatment”. For Singer, “equal consideration for different beings may lead to different treatment and different rights”....
Regan begins the essay by stating that " Not a few of people regard the animal rights position as extreme, calling, as it does, for the abolition of certain well-entrenched social practices rather than for their “humane” reform " ( Regan 619 ) . The writer also compares animal rights with humans based on extreme moral positions, such as rape, child pornography and racial discrimination, claiming that “. . . when an injustice is absolute, as is true of each of the example just cited, then one must oppose it absolute. It is not reformed, more humane child pornography than an enlightened ethic calls for: it is abolition that is required “(Regan 620). The writing is totally against hunting animals for sport, dressing in animal skins, and breeding of animals for slaughter. In his view any animal sacrifice is no different from a crime perpetuated a human being. Sacrifice any animal should stimulate the same emotional reaction that a crime a human being. This belief is considered by many as a vision "extremist” of animal rights and generally not widely accepted.
As an advocate of animal rights, Tom Regan presents us with the idea that animals deserve to be treated with equal respect to humans. Commonly, we view our household pets and select exotic animals in different regard as oppose to the animals we perceive as merely a food source which, is a notion that animal rights activists
Secondly, Regan introduces a second view, known as contractarianism. Although he suggests many flaws in this view, he also agrees that it somewhat supports his view of inherent value. This particular view identifies that since humans have the capability of understanding rules, they are capable of accepting and practising moral doings, and avoiding immoral acts. Thus, humans beings have every right to be treated with respect. Regan explains that this is problematic, because children are not necessarily capable of the same level of thinking as adults, meaning that the view mentioned above cannot be applied. Inspite of this, children do have every right to have protection, simply because they have parents or guardians that take on this so called "contract". Regan argues that if this is the case with children, then why cannot animals also have a contract?, as they do not also have the same level of thinking as an average adult. Nonetheles...
Tom Regan, “The Case for Animal Rights,” in In Defense of Animals, ed. Peter Singer (Oxford:
Mahatma Gandhi once said, “The greatness of a nation can be judged by the way its animals are treated”. This is undoubtedly true, any moral society not only values others who may appear beneath them, but additionally treats those who are less fortunate with respect, and dignity. Unfortunately, I cannot say this is true for the country I live in, but I hope after you have read this essay, you and others may become a part of the change this world desperately needs. In this paper I will defend claims found in the text ‘Animal Morals’, and the video ‘Moral behaviour in Animals’ by Frans de Waals. Animals deserve the right to live without being victims to cruelty because they all share the ability to feel, are living beings, and are
Many positive outcomes may be thanks to hunting, but there are also some negative consequences, causing this to be an extremely controversial topic. Some see hunting as humane, natural, and ethical, while others find it cruel, heartbreaking, and unethical. The pro-hunting versus against-hunting debate on morality remains a sensitive ethical issue, as seen through the lenses of Utilitarianism and Kant’s Theory. Utilitarianism supports hunting, while Kant’s theory opposes it.
From a Right’s theory perspective, animal rights activists argue that “everything that occurs in animal agriculture harms animals or their interests,” (CAST, 2005, p. 5). Animal rights groups believe that animal agriculture should cease to exist since there is no way to avoid harming animals in the process. Another way to look at this ethical dilemma, is to consider the utilitarian theory. The utilitarian theory perspective would demand that “we attempt to achieve a balance of humans’ and animals’ benefits and harms,” (CAST, 2005, p. 5). By attempting to find balance in a way that benefits both humans and animals, it could help us work towards a solution that benefits all.
In a recent edition of a local magazine, PETA, a group for the ethical treatment of animals, called its readers to live healthy lives, prevent climate change, and save animals by eating a plant-based diet. To support its argument, the magazine, Vegan Starter Kit, offered statistics that proved the health and environmental benefits of a Vegan diet. More significantly, the magazine argued that animals are more than objects and, thus, deserve fair treatment. The crucial element of this argument is whether or not animals have rights. If animals have dignity to that of humans, then the government would be obliged to recognize that animals, with such a dignity, have certain rights.
Humans place themselves at the top of the sociological tier, close to what we as individuals call our pets who have a sentimental value in our lives. Resource animal’s on the other hand have a contributory value within our lives: they provide us with meat and other important resources. In order to determine the boundaries between how we treat animals as pets and others simply as resources, utilitarians see these “resource animals” as tools. They contemplate the welfare significances of animals as well as the probable welfares for human-beings. Whereas deontologists see actions taken towards these “resources animals” as obligations regardless of whom or what they harm in the process. The objection to these theories are, whose welfare are we
The animal rights view denies that we can justify beneficial results by using immoral means (Sandøe et al., 1997), which implies that the interests of one individual should never be sacrificed for the benefits of the other. (Graham & Prescott,