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Nuclear disaster in chernobyl,ukraine the effect
Conclusion on the effects of radiation
Conclusion on the effects of radiation
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How does radiation affect the health of people? Radiation caused thyroid cancer in many. Thyroid cancer use to be rare in children. There more and more findings on radiation and cancers. Radiation was instant, causing some to get illnesses. People were greatly affected then and now by the Chernobyl accident.
Radiation affect almost everyone at the time. Radiation happened almost instantly, causing people to get radiation sickness. Surviving radiation sickness took several years, but several died with various reasons. 107 people with radiation got thyroid cases. Survivors died to for various reasons, large fraction attributed to radioiodine intake. Though radiation exposure was associated among children.
Thyroid cancer is higher in
children now. Usually thyroid cancer has been rare in children, but became 10 times higher in Chernobyl kids. Thyroid affected children more than adults, causing long term changes. There were over 6,000 cases of diagnoses, some developed under the age of 10. The thyroid glands were efficient trapping iodine, causing tumors with so-like fusion in them. Investigators analyzed DNA from the tumors of 26 children, researchers found an aggressive form of thyroid cancers. Thyroid cancer was diagnosed 2 months after the accident, with 158 cases. There were people showing faster, and having a greater risk. Thyroid cancer is common in people around the Chernobyl area. There are recent findings of thyroid cancer, but now decreasing 35% in the last 10 years. 1,800 cases in children, and small cancers in populations. Cancer developing in people age 15 and up, but still concerning for children younger than age 10. In eight years there has been over 2,000 of cancer related to Chernobyl. There is more focus on thyroid cancer today. There dramatic increase in those who were exposed to radiation, and causing risk of cancers in children. There were many increases of cancers due to Chernobyl, risking population health. People were very much affected by Chernobyl then and now. Thyroid cancer was very rare in children. More radiation intake has happened 30 years. Radiation was almost instant after the accident causing many health problems. Please consider your health by getting regular check ups and be careful of radiation intake.
...r. Iodine 131, another radioactive element, can dilute very quickly in the air, but if it is deposited on grass eaten by cows, the cows then re-concentrate it in their milk. Absorbed into the body's thyroid gland in a concentrated dose, Iodine 131 can cause cancer. In the Chernobyl disaster, the biggest health effect has been cases of thyroid cancer especially in children living near the nuclear plant. Therefore, because of the Chernobyl disaster we know to test the grass, soil, and milk for radiation. Also, an evacuation of the Chernobyl area was not ordered until over 24 hours after the incident. Japanese authorities evacuated 200,000 people from the area of Fukushima within hours of the initial alert. From the mistakes and magnitude of the disaster at Chernobyl, the world learned how to better deal with the long and short term effect of a Nuclear Fallout.
There are many chronic illnesses. A major one is cancer, specifically thyroid cancer. One character that is shown to be struggling with thyroid cancer as a chronic disease is in the film and novel, The Fault in Our Stars. The protagonist, Hazel Grace Lancaster is diagnosed with terminal thyroid cancer, and the story sets out with the cancer having spread to her lungs. She is a Caucasian female who is possibly around high school or college age. Because of the terminal thyroid cancer, she has, she must walk around with an oxygen tank to be able to breathe.
Thyroid cancer is an abnormal and malignant cell growth in the thyroid gland (see figure 1). The wellbeing of a person’s thyroid gland is extremely important, as this organ secretes hormones and other chemicals that help a person maintain homeostasis, more specifically the weight, blood pressure, heart rate, and internal body temperature (Bethesda, National Cancer Institute). According to the Mayo Clinic, although it is not yet clear to researchers what exactly causes thyroid cancer, what medical scientists do know is why it occurs. One type of thyroid cancer that can be genetic is medullary thyroid cancer. This type of cancer is genetic because it is linked with a variety of risk factors that could lead up to cancer, such as gender, age, radiation exposure, hereditary conditions, and family history (“What Are the Risk Factors for Thyroid Cancer?”). A major specific cause of thyroid diseases and cancers is insufficient iodine intake. Thyroid cancer is less common in the United States, than places that do not include as much iodine in the diet because in the United States, iodine is often added to many foods and consumption products. An environmental factor that is associated with thyroid cancer is exposure to radiation. One major example of this is the radiation from the Chernobyl incident; many people were affected by the radiation and many people, especially children, developed thyroid cancer (“What Are the Risk Factors for Thyroid Cancer?”).
There are essentially three main types of cancer treatments; surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Surgery allows doctors to effectively remove tumors from a clear plane. Chemotherapy uses drugs to treat the tumor; but often the drugs affect other healthy cells in the process. Using radiation as a treatment can be either precise or vague. Many health stigmas can come from the vague forms of radiation or conventional radiation therapy. Conventional radiation treats both the unhealthy and healthy cells, therefore exposing healthy cells to harmful radiation (Radiation Oncology, 2011, p.6). When healthy cells are exposed to gamma radiation they are also exposed to ionizing radiation. The ionization can cause “breakage of chemical bonds or oxidization (addition of oxygen atoms)” in a cell; the main impact of this is on a cell’s DNA, if two strands of DNA break it can result in “mutations, chromosome aberrations, ...
Thyroid cancer starts in the thyroid gland, which is located under you Adam’s apple at the base of your neck. The described appearance of cancer in the thyroid is nodules, small or large bumps where the thyroid is, that you can feel. According to Cancer.org, about 1 in 20 nodules are cancerous in humans.
The thyroid gland is the gland that makes and stores hormones that help regulate the heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and metabolism. Thyroid hormones are essential for the function of every cell in the body. They help regulate growth and the rate of chemical reactions in the body. Thyroid hormones also help children grow and develop. The thyroid gland is located in the lower part of the neck, below the Adam's apple, wrapped around the trachea. It has the shape of a butterfly with two lobes attached to one another by a middle part called the isthmus. The thyroid uses iodine, a mineral found in some foods and in iodized salt, to make its hormones. The two most important thyroid hormones are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The thyroid gland also makes the hormone calcitonin, which is involved in calcium metabolism and stimulating bone cells to add calcium to bone.
However, all the impacts that the nuclear bomb left to this day are but a shadow of the health effects that were observed during the 1960-1990. The way researchers have quantified the long term health effects from the nuclear bomb, specifically for the significant increase in malignant tumors, is by using a absolute risk function. This function takes the total excess deaths from cancer over 1 million year per rad. The higher the number the greater deaths observed from cancer. Between 1950 – 1954 the absolute deaths from leukemia among nuclear blast survivors was 4.13. The amount of leukemia deaths decreases with the years so that during 1971 – 1974 the absolute death quotient was 0.42. For other cancers there is a different story. For all cancers excluding leukemia there was a disturbing upwards trend during the years following the use of the nuclear bomb. During 1950 – 1954 the absolute death quotient was 1.58 and during the 1971 - 1974 period the quotient was 9.17. These increases in the deaths from cancer during this 25 year period is frightening. The Americans by using this bomb killed thousands of people 10, 20, 30 years down the road from the war. Eliminating chunks of the Japanese work force even decades after the fact. This however, is not the end of the story, children were also victims of this atrocious weapon. As made clear in a study by the Radiation Research Society, the dose specific risk from radiation for breast cancer was greatest in females under the age of 20. This means that not only did America take out a large chunk of adult Japanese, they also afflicted innocent children post war with a terrible
The economy was also affected and many men were put out of business by the US military who were helping Japan recover. Eventually, Japan became a US research facility to see the effects of radiation and nuclear bombs on humans and how the US could improve these bombs for future wars. People's skin becomes rough and ashy and has increased aging rates. People who survived the bomb still died sooner than other Japanese due to the radiation they inhaled. The lack of infrastructure also killed many Japanese in the aftermath.
Many people probably are not familiar with thyroid disorders. They might not even be aware of any family history of thyroid disorders. There are several types of thyroid disorders which can affect men, women, and children. Thyroid disorders are commonly found in women. Everyone should know their family history and get their thyroid checked regularly.
This girl from Hiroshima was eleven years old when she was contaminated with radiation . She died 20 years later of cancer .
Thyroid cancer is one of the main conflicts in John Green’s novel, The Fault in Our Stars. Hazel Grace, the protagonist, has papillary thyroid cancer that has metastasized to the lungs. Her disease precludes her from carrying a healthy relationship with her love interest, Augustus Waters, and the reader sees how difficult it is to live a normal life with such a life-threatening disease as cancer. There are many different causes as to why people contract thyroid cancer even though it only accounts for 1% of all cancer in the United States (Sarge 1). Furthermore, there are four subtypes of thyroid cancer with different intensities: papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic. Each type of thyroid cancer comes with a different type of treatment care such as chemotherapy, thyroidectomies, and hormone therapy (Sarge 2).
There are ways to better understand how radiation affects the body when compared to other every day activities. If an occupational worker receives 1 rem per year then is it possible that 51 days is expected to be lost. A person that smokes 20 cigarettes a day takes about 6 years off of their life. People that are overweight by 15% take about 2 years off of their life. In actuality radiation would seem as though it is not any more harmful than other everyday activities people decide to do such as smoke, chew tobacco, or sky dive. The risk of taking days, weeks, years off of ones lives will always be present depending on the activity they choose to be part of. However, radiation exposure in the healthcare field is used to extend the patient’s life by helping them find out what is going on in their body. A patient that comes in with RLQ pain, nausea, and vomiting then an abdomen x-r...
“Though exposure to radiation can cause acute, near-immediate effect by killing cells and directly damaging tissue, radiation can also have effects that happen on longer scale, such as cancer, by causing mutations in the DNA of living cells. A cell will either repair the gene, die, or retain the mutation, In order for a mutation to cause cancer, it is believed that a series of mutations must accumulate in given cell and it progney.” Because the bomb gave off a lot of radiation, thousands of people got exposed to it. Many people died over radiation exposure. Since he radiation causes a mess up in your DNA the radiation could pass down o your child nad your child could have radiation in their DNA, even if they were no alive during the time of the explosion. “Among the long-effects suffered by atomic bomb survivors, he most deadly is leukemia. An increase in leukemia appeared about two years after the attacks and peaked around four to six years later. For all other cancers, incidence increase did not appear until around ten years after the attacks. The increase was first noted in 1956 and soon after tumor registries were started in both Hiroshima and Nagasaki t collect data on the excess cancer risk caused by the radiation exposure.” Many kids had radiation in their DNA when they were
Although these were just some short term effects the bomb cased long term effects like radiation sickness (atomic plague) this causes loss of hair, bleeding, it can also cause cancer and leukaemia in the future apart from radiation sickness people suffered severe burn that still need treatment to this day. In 1945 Hiroshimasuffered 140,000 deaths by 1950 they suffered 200,000 deaths and in Nagasakithey suffered 70,000 in 1945 and by 1950 they suffered a Major 140,000 deaths. These effects are still felt decades later. When the atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshimaand Nagasaki they caused economic problems.
During the First World War, America dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan, which killed around 90,000 to 166,000 in Hiroshima and another 60,000 to 80,000 in Nagasaki. These include who died as a result of the force and excruciating heat from the blast and also death cause by acute radiation poisoning. This exposure to radiation also caused cancer and other radiation related diseases such as leukemia. Children born to the survivors are often reported to have small head size and mental disability, as well as their physical growth is