Feminism has always been one of the most controversial issues in history. It is the ideology that women should be equal to men in terms of political, economic, personal, and social rights, and many feminist movements have been started worldwide in order to define, establish, and achieve those rights for women. Margaret Atwood is one of the writers who fully support feminism, and she has shown many different aspects of feminism throughout her novels. As one of the most notable novels of Atwood, The Handmaid’s Tale depicts feminism through an antifeminist environment where female characters are dominated by patriarchy, giving readers multidimensional feminist viewpoints.
The story takes place in the Republic of Gilead, once the United States
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In the novel, Atwood focuses on exploring the relationships between women, which are very complicated. Women are separated into groups. Those have most freedom are the Wives, who are married to Commanders, and although they do not have such privileges like men, they still gain many benefits. Wives could visit other Wives, work on their gardens and knit. They have their husband to rely on, which is something they are proud of. However, they are still not allowed to read or write, as the only group of women who are permitted to do so is the Aunts. They are unmarried and infertile women who are usually older and has a certain amount of power before the regime. Their job is to retrain and monitor the Handmaids, lecture them how bad and dangerous the old world is while the new one is much safer and more worth-living so that the Handmaids will be obedient and submissive. Handmaids are women with viable ovaries who were either divorced, married to a man who had been divorced, or had reached a certain age without ever marrying before Gilead. Therefore, their social function is to bear children for Commanders and their Wives. They are below everyone in society, even Marthas who are almost considered non-existent. If a Handmaid gets pregnant and gives birth to a baby, she will continue to serve as a Handmaid,
Margaret Atwood is famous for many things. She is a poet, novelist, story writer, essayist, and an environmental activist. Her books are usually bestsellers and have received high praises in the United States, Europe, and her native country, Canada. She has also received many Literary awards, like the Booker Prize, the Arthur C. Clarke Award, and the two Governor General’s Awards (“Margaret Atwood” Poetry). Through her books, she has written about what she sees in society towards women. She discusses how gender equality was corrupted in the past, but still is far from being reached, and women’s roles in society (“Spotty-handed”). Atwood also takes events in her life; like the Great Depression, Communism, and World War II; and applies it to her works. Margaret Atwood's works, including her novel The Handmaid's Tale, reflects women’s fight in equality, how society determines
Gender inequality has existed all around the world for many centuries. Women were seen as property of men and their purpose of existence was to provide for the men in their lives. Men would play the role of being the breadwinners, whereas women played the role of being the caregiver of the family and household and must obey the men around her. The Handmaid’s Tale, written by Margaret Atwood portrays how women in society are controlled and demeaned by men, and how men feel they are more superior over women.
Callaway, Alanna A., "Woman disunited ; Margaret Atwood's The handmaid's tale as a critique of feminism" (2008). Master's theses. Paper 3505. http://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/3505
In Margaret Atwood 's The Handmaid 's Tale, society is meant to have overcome the sinful tendencies of modern culture. People who would rebel against the new status quo are broken through torture and conditioning. The character Moira acts as a symbol of the main characters, Offred 's, hope and need for rebelliousness. The perceived loss of this hope causes Offred to begin a spiral of indifference which leads her to cling to Nick as a replacement and a way to find meaning in an extra meaningless life. Moira 's attitude and statements in the beginnings of her and Offred 's conversation in the club, instead of showing her to be a broken woman, reveal the remaining fire and rebelliousness of someone with little room or freedom to express.
In the novel The Handmaid's Tale by Margaret Atwood, which is based on a very feminist dystopia in the Republic of Gilead. It’s main focus being in an era of deteriorating births. Being set to be in the future, although it was written in the 1980’s, describing the way women are being portrayed, in a very explicit aspect into society, containing assumptions. Women are being symbolized, into the use of fertility to serve the commanders, not being able to have their proper acknowledgement. For instance, the portrayal of women that is considered a social group, are seen as an object to fertilize, assigned a particular role in a totalitarian society, and the way Atwood depicts her purpose by women being the main victims of the dystopia.
In The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood, there is an apparent power struggle between Offred and the Commander. The Gilead Society’s structure is based off of order and command. This is what creates a divide between genders and specifies gender roles in this novel. Without this categorization of the roles and expectations of women, the society would fall apart at the base. Thus, the Commander, being the dominant gender set forth by the society, has control over Offred.
Margaret Atwood’s book “The Handmaid’s Tale”, Offred ( The main Character) struggles with expressing Individualism among a society that constrains a woman by labelling her for her duties and worth. Offred is a “Handmaid” which is a group of women who are used for reproduction, being a “Handmaid” is considered to be very degrading because these women are seen for only their bodies to provide children and nothing more. An article previously read, written by “Frieda Fordham” discusses Jungian Archetypes and one that best correlates with the book is “The Persona”. The Persona is defined as “A collective phenomenon, a facet of the personality that might equally well belong to somebody else, but it is often mistaken for
Margaret Atwood's renowned science fiction novel, The Handmaid's Tale, was written in 1986 during the rise of the opposition to the feminist movement. Atwood, a Native American, was a vigorous supporter of this movement. The battle that existed between both sides of the women's rights issue inspired her to write this work. Because it was not clear just what the end result of the feminist movement would be, the author begins at the outset to prod her reader to consider where the story will end. Her purpose in writing this serious satire is to warn women of what the female gender stands to lose if the feminist movement were to fail. Atwood envisions a society of extreme changes in governmental, social, and mental oppression to make her point.
The Marxist theory “is the belief that the struggle between social classes is a major force in history and that there should eventually be a society in which there are no classes” – Karl Marx In the book “The Handmaid’s Tale” by Margaret Atwood there are significant examples of the Marxist theory because of the way social classes are represented, how religion is manipulated in the society, and what values the text reinforces in the reader.
Feminism as we know it began in the mid 1960's as the Women's Liberation Movement. Among its chief tenants is the idea of women's empowerment, the idea that women are capable of doing and should be allowed to do anything men can do. Feminists believe that neither sex is naturally superior. They stand behind the idea that women are inherently just as strong and intelligent as the so-called stronger sex. Many writers have taken up the cause of feminism in their work. One of the most well known writers to deal with feminist themes is Margaret Atwood. Her work is clearly influenced by the movement and many literary critics, as well as Atwood herself, have identified her as a feminist writer. However, one of Atwood's most successful books, The Handmaid's Tale, stands in stark contrast to the ideas of feminism. In fact, the female characters in the novel are portrayed in such a way that they directly conflict with the idea of women's empowerment.
In Margaret Atwood’s novel The Handmaid’s Tale, social turmoil after a staged terrorist attack has led to a totalitarian Christian regime. In this dystopian future, the roles of men and women are much different than in today’s society. In The Handmaid’s Tale, women are unequal because they have no choice about their bodies, their dress, or their relationships.
The Handmaid's Tale presents an extreme example of sexism and misogyny by featuring the complete objectification of women in the society of Gilead. Yet by also highlighting the mistreatment of women in the cultures that precede and follow the Gileadean era, Margaret Atwood is suggesting that sexism and misogyny are deeply embedded in any society and that serious and deliberate attention must be given to these forms of discrimination in order to eliminate them.
Caucasian birthrates were plummeting, therefore the Handmaids who proved to be the most reproductive fitness were chosen by the men in power. The wide spread of birth control was one of the factors listed as a reason for the Caucasian birthrate downfall (Atwood, 304). The human waste and pollution was to blame for this society trying to ameliorate the possibilities that humans have begun to eradicate; health and reproduction (304). They mention the need for services for reproduction is present in our society today- fertility clinics, artificial insemination, and surrogate mothers (305). Despite this parallel with our modern society, the power structure in the Gilead society does not seem like a better alternative, but seems like a real
Throughout The Handmaid’s Tale, the author Margaret Atwood gives the reader an understanding of what life would be like in a theocratic society that controls women’s lives. The narrator, Offred gives the reader her perspective on the many injustices she faces as a handmaid. Offred is a woman who lived before this society was established and when she undergoes the transition to her new status she has a hard time coping with the new laws she must follow. There are many laws in this government that degrade women and give men the authority of each household. All women are placed in each household for a reason and if they do not follow their duties they are sent away or killed. Atwood bases the irrational laws in the Gilead republic on the many
Gilead government may have established at first by good intension for its society. However, the government’s efforts to make a better society did not work. Gilead is a dictatorship, that was built by abusing people’s fear and dissatisfaction with societal conditions. After the dictatorial controls were established, those in power played the politics of fear to maintain the regime.