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Gender equality in sport
Introduction to gender inequality in sport
Gender equality in sport
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Football is the world’s most popular team sport. In England, football is the most participated team sport with over 1.8 million people playing weekly (Sport England, 2013) and with an estimated 25 million people in England watching football on a regular basis would suggest that it is very popular and therefore an important sport throughout the country. Football has always been a male dominated sport, with 12 men to every 1 woman taking part (Women’s Sport and Fitness Foundation , 2012). However, women’s football is now the fourth largest team sport in England after men’s team sports of football, rugby and cricket (The Football Association, 2012 ), and the number one leading female team participation sport with 253,600 women football regularly playing each month (Women’s Sport and Fitness Foundation , 2012) these participation numbers resulting in the FA supporting 6,600 girls’ and women’s 11-a-side teams across the country. Women’s Sport and Fitness Foundation (2012) found that one in ten football players receive coaching from a female coach. There are over 27, 000 females successfully attained a FA coaching qualification in 2012 (The Football Association, 2012) and double the number of female coaches from 25, 000 in 2009 to around 50, 000 in 2012 (The Football Association, 201 2). With this recent popularity in football and increase in female participation and coaches, research has begun to focus on females in sport more frequently.
Football teams are assembled together with a large number of roles; players, coaches, managers, specific positional coaches, treasurers, even physiotherapists depending on what level of football the team is playing at. The most common roles in grassroots football teams are known to hold just playe...
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...aim of this research project has therefore been to try and establish a better understanding of female footballer player’s perceptions of male and female coaches and whether the gender of the coach affects the coach-athlete relationship. This study aimed to address the following research question of “Is the coach-athlete relationship enhanced if the coach is the same gender as the athletes?” this was conducted in the form of a questionnaire with data being gathered from the University of Worcester ladies football club, first and second teams. The findings from these set groups should make an important contribution to the field of sports coaching and the psychological aspect of the coach-athlete relationship. A full discussion of the coach-athlete relationship lies beyond the scope of this study, with previous research being investigated and new research being created.
Boys- and more and more girls-who accept Jock Culture values often go on to flourish in a competitive sports environment that requires submission to authority, winning by any means necessary and group cohesion,” says Robert Lipsyte. In Kate Nolan’s article, boys are only allowed to play sports. Kate Nolan mentions, “A lot of people like to justify women’s supporting role in sports media by saying, “Well, they’ve never played the game, so they just aren’t qualified to speak about it.” Women are known to not play football because coaches never give them the chance to try. Another difference is Bill Stowe.
The author covers the most prevalent groups and events relating to football. Some of them are pep rallies, marching band, cheerleaders / pep squads, spectators / ex-players, and the brains / farm kids / nobodies. The pep rally is a school-wide event,
The following commissioned report was compiled for the Health Studies Faculty of Brisbane Girls Grammar. The purpose of this report is to evaluate the nature of women’s sport, not only in society, but also at the Brisbane Girls Grammar School.
Football academies are environments in which promising footballers are trained and developed with the goal of becoming elite senior athletes (Crust, Nesti & Littlewood, 2010). English academies operate a dual sporting goal according to Isoard-Gautheur, Guillet-Ducas & Duda (2013), in which they aim to teach and help athlete’s master skills, but also have an obligation to ensure enough athletes break through into the senior team. Academies train athletes from the ages of 10 to 18 on a part time format, using elite coaches and elite competition between other academies to enhance their player’s ability (Crust, Nesti & Littlewood, 2010). Academies are very much utilised as a progressive filter, which begins with a large number of athletes at the youngest age, with progressively smaller numbers of athletes in each age group as age increases (Crust, Nesti & Littlewood, 2010). Whether an athlete is retained for the next year is subject to player evaluation by coaches and directors within the academy, thus requiring athletes to demonstrate competency as well as achieving success (Isoard-Gautheur, Guillet-Ducas & Duda, 2012; Crust, Nesti & Littlewood, 2010).
This is why the womens football competition will help advance womens sports and get women to participate in doing what they
However, this is not really a direct correlation to the coach’s effectiveness in a particular sport, being that there are many other factors in coaching a team other than game records. The coach’s job is to enhance the athlete physically, socially, and psychologically, winning is only considered a by-product of that job (Gillham, Burton, & Gillham, 2013). Gillham, Burton, and Gillham (2013) focused on developing a Coaching Success Questionnaire-2 to allow a means of evaluating other aspects of a coach’s interaction with their athletes as both a research and coach development tool. A sample group of athletes at the varsity and club level ranging from ages 18 to 25 was used to develop the questionnaire by asking their perceptions of their coaches.
Soccer is not seen as a non-traditional sport for women, especially not since the US Women's National Team won the World Cup in 1999, but like most women's sports it was at one time thought of as a male only sport. I grew up in a very athletic family, where both my brother and my father loved to play soccer, so naturally I fell in love with the sport at a very young age, in fact I was about 5 when I started playing. At that time I was one of the few girls playing in the only peewee league; a league that was co-ed. It was really hard for me and I can remember the frustration I went though, because none of the boys believed that I was capable of playing at their level. In their mind I was just a girl and there was no way that I would ever be able to compete with them. This attitude did not just disappear with age, in fact it followed me until I finally found one of the local girls team. I am going to explore the challenges that women have to go through daily in order to compete at the highest-level possible. There are many issues that women must face concerning how they define themselves as a woman and how to relate to the rest of society.
In addition, sports is a common setting in which sex-segregation still exists. Many individuals reject the idea of men’s superiority, but still they find it appropriated and even necessary to portray and keep that image on sports rather than in any other institution. Historically, women were viewed as weak and fragile for athletic and physical activities especially because they were considered harmful for their reproductive health (Taniguchi & Shupe, 2012). Indeed, it is common to see more men’s teams participating in sports, but also media gives more coverage to men’s sports, use more men players for advertising and fantasy sport leagues (Love & Kelly, 2011).
The sport of soccer has overcome many changes through the years. In particular, women’s soccer compared to men’s soccer has gained much notoriety. The widespread knowledge of soccer has spread throughout numerous countries. Soccer began as primarily a men’s sport, but today soccer is considered a sport that both genders participate in. Women’s soccer has changed dramatically over the years with the increase in popularity as well as new style and rules of the game.
Cassidy, T., Jones, R., Potrac, P. (2009) (2nd ed.). Understanding Sports Coaching: the social, cultural and pedagogical of coaching practice. London: Routledge
Gender equality is a vast issue even in sports today, especially women’s soccer. Women’s soccer has been overlooked and pushed aside by many people around the globe. Each year, fewer and fewer people enjoy the sport of soccer and it is having an impact on both genders, but more so on females. The decrease in people appreciating women’s soccer has led to many problems for the female players. Women soccer players should receive the same field conditions as men, play in better stadiums, and receive a better pay.
Coaching, however challenging, is a great way to influence the lives of others while also building their character. For as long as there have been sports, there have been people teaching the sport to the players and making them better at it. Coaches must have certain qualities in order to obtain success. One must also look at a coach’s motivation for his job, his passion for what he does, his methods for coaching, and how he became a coach in order to fully understand him. There are many questions someone may want to ask a coach about his profession if they are interested in coaching. Some questions would include: Why did he choose this as a profession? How did he get into coaching? What does one have to do to get a job as a coach? How does a coach become successful? I aim to answer all of these questions and more in my paper.
Manley, A. (2009). Expectancies and Their Consequences within the Coach-Athlete Relationship: An Athlete-Centred Investigatio. [online] Available at: http://eprints.chi.ac.uk/816/1/507136.pdf.
Women have been criticized when it comes to sports participation, sports is viewed as a dominant role for males and females should play a supportive role rather than participating in the actual field activities, this is just one of many reasons why inequality still exists. Sandys (2007) suggests that gender inequality in sports stems from the stereotypes that exist in society today. For example, stereotypes of women’s physical abilities and social roles are still very prominent today, and so women naturally feel inferior in the sports domain. If we stray away from the right track towards gender equality in sports and increased feelings of empowerment will only be reached if these stereotypes are eliminated (Sandys, 2007). Therefore, it could be argued that increased media coverage of women’s sports could be a possible solution, because it would serve to ed...
Women in Sports Challenges appear to be part of the human experience. In the course of history, very little has come easily. The progress that women have made in sport in the United States over the course of the last 100 years seems remarkable for the amount achieved in so little time. In relation to the other advances made in this century, including men's sport, that achievement dims. While women have made great advances, they haven't, in comparison, come that far.