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Negative impacts of world bank and imf policies
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The World Bank, Tourism, and Sex Work
"...International Travel, Tours and Vacations to the Philippine Islands, Services and Assistance to Single Individuals Seeking a Romantic Relationship plus Assistance with U.S. Immigration Visa Requirements...." (M-H Travel, 1).
This sex tour is just one example of the direct links of tourism associated with sex work in Asia. While specifically analyzing the implications of tourism on prostitution/sex work supported by organizations such as the World Bank, which is profit seeking and economically focused, Thailand and the Philippines seem to be two very affected nations struggling with the issue. There is significant evidence, such as official documents, personal accounts, interviews, and scholarly work, which strongly indicates that the World Bank knowingly promoted tourism in Thailand and the Philippines in order to generate large economic profits. Mass tourism increases and further fuels the sex industry, which forces and degrades poor women into being objects to ensure their survival.
To further understand the World Bank and its goals and policies, I explored their official web page. I was first greeted with their slogan, "Our dream is a world free of poverty". It seems like a noble statement that should be endorsed by the general public. Almost immediately I wondered why then did thousands of people from around the globe gather in Washington D.C. on April 16th and 17th to protest against the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. On April 17th, CNN reported "The demonstrators, from dozens of different groups, include environmentalists, anti-free trade lobbyists, and human rights activists". That does cause one to question whether or not the World Bank’s motives are as virtuo...
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...en in Action 1997.
Daorueng, Prangtip and Kafil Yamin. "Southeast Asia: Women Workers Are Last In, First Out." InterPress Service April 30, 1998.
Flowers, R. Barri. The Prostitution of Women and Girls. North Carolina: McFarland & Company Inc, 1998.
http://www.cnn.com
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/
http://www.web-ster.com/dfike/penpal.htm
http://www.worldbank.org/pics/pid/th56269.txt
http://www.worldbank.or.th/economic/pdf/moniq12k.pdf
http://www.worldsexguide.com/
Mies, Maria and Vandana Shiva. Ecofeminism. New Jersey: Zed Books, 1993.
"Philippines: Women Bearing The Cross of Globalization." Women Magazine Aug. 1999.
Sittirak, Sinith. The Daughters of Development. New York: Zed Books, 1998.
Truong, Thanh-Dam. Sex Money And Morality. New Jersey: Zed Books, 1990.
Nualnoi, T., P. Pasuk, P. Sungsidh. Guns Girls Gambling Ganja. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 1998.
Federal supremacy was also finally solidified by this case. New York said that the Federal Coasting license that Thomas Gibbons had was useless in New York waters. Thus this sets-up the great issue of the day state gov't v. federal gov't. But as New York and the rest of the United States finally gets into it's head that the Constitution is the law of the land and that in Article IV, it states that "federal laws supersedes state laws"
Murphy, L. S. (2010). Understanding the Social and Economic Contexts Surrounding Women Engaged In Street-Level Prostitution. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 31(12), 775-784.
Through the characterization of Ricardo, the photographer, and the fellow townspeople, Ray Bradbury expresses his viewpoint on the controversy of invading western societies, and the impact it can have on indigenous people. Having experienced the encroachment from outsiders, Ricardo is faced with the persistent fight against the exploitation of innocent towns being turned into fashion sets. We, all members walking together on Earth, must realize the momentousness of unity cooperation regardless of wealth, or power, or race, or class.
Remy, Richard C., Gary E. Clayton, and John J. Patrick. "Supreme Court Cases." Civics Today. Columbus, Ohio: Glencoe, 2008. 796. Print.
These early Supreme Court decisions have made a lasting impression on the United States. Marbury v. Madison established the concept of judicial review that strengthened the ability of the judcicary to act as a check against the legislative and executive branches by providing for the review of Congressional acts by the judiciary to determine the constitutionality of such acts. McCulloch v. Maryland allowed for the expansion of Congress’ implied powers needed to execute its delegated powers as well as defined the supremacy of constitutionally enacted federal entities over state statutes.
Asia has a long cultural history with prostitution that has provided a global sex trade service industry for locals and foreigners alike.3 “It’s simply the norm that you have two kinds of women –those you respect and those you can buy and play around with.”4 Not only are there economic motives for preserving the sex trade industry in Asian countries, but accepted cultural norms and attitudes perpetuate this industry. Indigenous demand drives
Article III section 2 of the US constitution states that Congress has the power to add or remove any level of appellate jurisdiction when they see fit. This phrase commonly known as the McCardle Clause stems from the case of Ex parte McCardle of 1869 where, for the first time, Congress removed a level of appellate jurisdiction from the Supreme Court (citation needed). Ex parte McCardle stems from simple writ of habeas corpus that was demanded from a man arrested during the reconstructionist period after the Civil War(Finn). However, once (insert the guy’s name here) was denied the writ, he appealed to the Supreme Court, which decided they would hear the case since they had the jurisdiction to do so (Finn or find a new citation). In fear of what the decision could do to the progress of the reconstructionist era, Congress passed the act of March act 1686 which states that (quote the act here). Through the passage of this bill the Supreme Court not rule on the constitutionality of the bill, and therefore, lost the right to say what the constitution is. While controversial, the McCardle clause is one of the most important clauses of the constitution in terms of checks and balances, and specifically the check of the supreme court. With
Sanders, Teela, Maggie O’Neil, and Jane Pitcher. Prostitution: Sex Work, Policy, and Politics. London: SAGE, 2009. eBook Collection. Web. 17 Oct. 2015.
Smith, Claude J., Jr. "Bodies and Minds for Sale:Prostitution in Pretty Woman and Indecent Proposal." Studies in Popular Culture (1998): 91-99. Web.
Sex trafficking is essentially systemic rape for profit. Force, fraud and coercion are used to control the victim’s behavior which may secure the appearance of consent to please the buyer (or john). Behind every transaction is violence or the threat of violence (Axtell par. 4). Just a decade ago, only a third of the countries studied by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime had legislation against human trafficking. (Darker Side, par.1) Women, children, and even men are taken from their homes, and off of the streets and are brought into a life that is almost impossible to get out of. This life is not one of choice, it is in most times by force. UNODC estimates that the total international human trafficking is a $32-billion-per-year business, and that 79% of this activity comprises sexual exploitation. As many as 2 million children a year are victims of commercial sexual exploitation, according the the U.S. State Department.-- Cynthia G. Wagner. (Darker Side, par. 4) The words prostitute, pimp, escort, and stripper tend to be way too common in the American everyday vocabulary. People use these words in a joking manner, but sex trafficking is far from a joke. Everyday, from all different countries, people are bought and sold either by force or false promises. Some are kidnapped and others come to America with dreams of a dream life and job. The buyers involved in the trade will do anything to purchase an innocent life just to sell for their own selfish profit. Many people wouldn’t think of a human body to be something you can buy in the back room of a business or even online. But those plus the streets are where people are sold most often. There are many reasons and causes for sex trafficking. The factors behind sex traffic...
In Japanese culture, it was a common ideal to view women as incompetent of being the head of a household (Yoshimi 200). Asian Women were subjected to discriminatory attitudes towards them by men, which left them with almost no opportunity to avoid a life in low social classes. In 19th century Japanese society, an unmarried woman was no doubly associated with low-end occupations that had significantly low wages (Yoshimi 70). The disadvantages associated with being a woman of a low social stature created an unfortunate history of prostitution among Japa...
...ed at that group, you simply become that group and nothing else. Which leads us back to the first corner of wanting to stay an individual, your life instinct corner. Otto worked hard to try and help others find their happy medium of life and death. Realizing that every instinct we have gives us a form of fear, which can be a positive thing if we are able to balance out our fears with our instincts, but yet can still deprive us of success if we don’t learn how to keep ourselves balanced. Its important to be yourself, and fallow your own dreams, but also contribute to the world, and keep healthy relationships with others. References
One of the main conflicts throughout the novel is Wendy being uncertain if she would rather enjoy the childlike innocence of Neverland or return to the life waiting for her as a woman in London. Wendy has somewhat of a distaste towards adulthood due amount of pressure her father puts on her to become a proper woman and the fact that her life will have to change, proven by “All children, except one, grow up. They soon know that they will grow up, and the way Wendy knew was this… This was all that passed between them on the subject, but henceforth Wendy knew that she must grow up (page 1). ” As a result, Wendy’s goal in the beginning stages of the novel is to somehow avoid growing up. She is given the chance to do this by Peter Pan, who takes her to Neverland. Ironically, Wendy finds that living in Neverland brings out her more mature side. Her change stems from the fact that Peter and the Lost Boys want Wendy to act like their mother because they ...
Beyrer, C.1998. War in the blood: Sex, politics, and AIDS in Southeast Asia. New York: Zed Books, Ltd.
Agamemnon is a Greek play that has a wonderful balance of drama and action. Despite all of the thrilling and impressive dialect, the story remains a tragedy. It has several deaths mentioned and recalled, as well as thick plots being plotted, and a gripping storyline. All of these things are tragedies because of the human emotion behind them. It is what makes this story interesting.