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How racial discrimination affects society
Impacts of racial discrimination
Impacts of racial discrimination
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In the essay, “The Uses of Anger: Women Responding to Racism,” the author, Audre Lorde, believes that it is natural for anger to be a woman’s primary response to racism. Anger is normally a woman’s response to racism and also a response to all that they are forced to endure as a result of racism. This includes, but is not limited to “the anger of exclusion, of unquestioned privilege, of racial distortions, of silence, ill-use, stereotyping, defensiveness, misnaming, betrayal, and co-optation” (124). Women should learn how to express their anger for growth or to make things right, but “not [for] guilt” (124). In order for collegiate women to have an effective conversation in regard to racism, they must first begin to realize and understand the necessities and living backgrounds of other women who are not like them. However, often times, their concern to make a profit leads to discussions being only about the lives of those who actually can afford to attend. …show more content…
**Audre Lorde discusses the black woman’s anger due to racism and the white woman’s illegitimacy of that anger.
Most times, people view a black woman’s anger as an emotion that is disruptive to the feminist movement or one that is too terrifying for white women to even think about dealing with. Lorde argues that this negative perspective is caused by mainstream media’s animosity towards women reacting to racism, especially white women; they would rather women suppress their emotions and morality. Nevertheless, not only black women, but all women have an abundance of anger that can potentially be used to fight against both the “personal and institutional” oppressions that causes their anger to exist (127). It has the ability to be an influential resource and the first step to achieving growth and a profound change “in those assumptions underlining” the lives of women
(127). The anger of black women frightens white women more than their own racist states of mind; upholding torment and violent behavior towards colored women doesn’t frighten them as much as being denounced and feeling convicted does. Instead of black women’s anger being seen as a way to make whites feel bad, it should rather be seen as a method for surviving and an attempt towards reaching equality. Whereas the feeling of guilt is useless since it doesn’t prompt action or offer a solution to the power structure, the feeling of anger does.
It is theorized that the phrase “angry Black man” is a social construct created during America’s Colonial period. It was supposedly used to negatively describe African-American men who spoke out against what they considered to be an incongruous and xenophobic society and more specifically the institution of slavery. The phrase’s essence has been intentionally misconstrued. The three words together were said to have been used by whites as a dismissive tool; a method of sabotaging the validity of an outspoken Black man’s claims of an unjust and oppressive system. This was done in an effort to detract from the legitimacy of the outraged Black man’s cries of injustice.
As both Tracey Reynolds and Audre Lorde have emphasized, Black women are not perpetually passive victims, but active agents. It is totally possible for Black women to seize a form of empowerment, whether that be alternative education, or the creation of organizations that weren’t situated in either the Civil Rights movement or Women’s
In 1994 Renown College Professor Nikki Giovanni published a breath taking book that contains guidance to black college students on how to academically apply their selves in College, and she teaches them how to deal with the ignorance of white people from sharp tonged comebacks to gaining a Professors respect. Along the way The Article “Campus Racism 101” states Giovanni has acquired a tenure, she has a teaching position for life at the predominately white student body Virginia Tech. (Writing on the River 11) Nikki Giovanni’s “Campus Racism 101” gives advice to black students on how to succeed in College, appeals to Giovanni’s credibility, and appeals to the emotions of racism all in order to educate how black College students need to deal with ignorance on a College campus.
Frye opens the essay with a statement how women’s anger is not well received by this society. Men view women’s anger as worthless and ignorable because they cannot control their anger as they view them simply because she was upset, hysterical or crazy. Men tend to control their anger by through violence, or downgrading by informing her how he cannot handle her anger. Male had not understood the fact that anger is normal reaction for the irritability, disorderly and frustrations caused by other person from the person to able go forth to their desired goal. For example, you are looking forward to go a concert but the storm hit, thus making the concert to cancel which it ends of disappointment but not anger since you cannot control the weather.
Collins, Patricia. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. New York, NY: Routledge, 2000
On Being Young-A Woman-and Colored an essay by Marita Bonner addresses what it means to be black women in a world of white privilege. Bonner reflects about a time when she was younger, how simple her life was, but as she grows older she is forced to work hard to live a life better than those around her. Ultimately, she is a woman living with the roles that women of all colors have been constrained to. Critics, within the last 20 years, believe that Marita Bonners’ essay primarily focuses on the double consciousness ; while others believe that she is focusing on gender , class , “economic hardships, and discrimination” . I argue that Bonner is writing her essay about the historical context of oppression forcing women into intersectional oppression by explaining the naturality of racial discrimination between black and white, how time and money equate to the American Dream, and lastly how gender discrimination silences women, specifically black women.
In “In Living Color: Race and American Culture”, Michael Omi claims that racism still takes place in America’s contemporary society. According to Omi, media and popular culture shape a segregating ideology by giving a stereotypical representation of black people to the public, thus generating discrimination between races (Omi 115:166). In “Bad Feminist: Take One”, Roxane Gay discusses the different roles that feminism plays in our society. She argues that although some feminist authors and groups try to create a specific image of the feminist approach, there is no definition that fully describe feminism and no behaviors that can make someone a good feminist or a bad feminist (Gay 304:306). Both authors argue
Gender and racism are two of the main topics of “The Talk” by Dana Canedy and “What Goes Through Your Mind: On Nice Parties and Casual Racism” by Nicole Chung. Throughout their essays, Canedy and Chung prove whether it is an African-American boy or an Asian American woman, minorities face racism. Also, all types of racism such as casual racism or intended racism all are extremely hurtful, degrading to any minority. Gender has a lot to do with the severity of racism experienced. Police brutality on an African American woman happens, but is not as frequently and sever as it does to an African American man. Nicole Chung, who is Asian American believes that she has control over her own identity. When placed in an uncomfortable racist situation
Natasha Rodriguez clearly proves that she is angry in her article “Who Are You Calling Underprivileged?” The quote provided from the article “What angered me most about the label was why college would ever use such a term. Who wants to be called underprivileged?” shows the feeling of anger. Rodriguez clearly states, not only for herself, but for anyone and everyone that has experienced disrespect and labeled with a term as degrading as underprivileged, that it angers people quite a bit. Not only did the article state “Help for Underprivileged Students” but it also only had a picture of students of a certain race on the front cover. The students on the front cover were Hispanic, African American, and Asian. This also angered Natasha Rodriguez for the simple reason of it is showing the world that these individuals with either Hispanic, African American, or Asian descendants are all underprivileged and need help which simply is not the entire truth. Even changing the picture to individuals of all races and ethnicities may have changed the outcome of this event just a little
Similarly, research literature on the experience of women of color college students has placed emphasis on exploring women’s experiences with racism much more than their experiences with sexism. Recent studies have explored racism on college campuses in a variety of ways including, racial discrimination (Chao, Mallinckrodt, & Wei, 2012; Henson, Derlega, Pearson, Ferrer, & Holmes 2013; King, 2005), colorblind ideologies (Coleman, Chapman, & Wang, 2013), racial stereotyping awareness (Johnson-Ahorlu, 2013; Muñoz, & Maldonado, 2012) , typology of racial incidents (Harwood, Huntt, Mendenhall, & Lewis, 2012; Yosso, Smith, Ceja, & Solorzano, 2009) , racialized school spaces (Barajas & Ronnkvist, 2007), and internalized racism (Hipolito-Delgado, 2010). Findings from these studies suggest that a major implication of racism on college campuses is the impact these in...
In public schools, students are subjected to acts of institutional racism that may change how they interact with other students. In the short story “Drinking Coffee Elsewhere” by Packer, readers are allowed to view firsthand how institutionalized racism affects Dina, who is the main character in the story. Packer states “As a person of color, you shouldn’t have to fit in any white, patriarchal system” (Drinking Coffee Elsewhere 117). The article “Disguised Racism in Public Schools” by Brodbelt states “first, the attitudes of teachers toward minority group pupils” (Brodbelt 699). Like the ideas in the article “Disguised Racism in Public Schools” Dina encounters institutionalized oppression on orientation day at Yale.
Critical race theory (CRT) is a framework that may be useful for examining how racial climate impacts the undergraduate experiences of African-American students on college campuses (Murphy, Gaughan, Hume, & Moore, 2010). CRT draws from a broad base of literature in sociology, history, ethnic studies, women’s study, and law (Murphy, Gaughan, Hume, & Moore, 2010). CRT consists of five elements: 1) the centrality of race and racism, and their intersectionality with other forms of subordination, 2) the challenge to dominant ideology, 3) the commitment to social justice, 4) the centrality of experiential knowledge, and 5) the transdisciplinary perspective (Murphy, Gaughan, Hume, & Moore, 2010). Applying CRT to education is different than other CRT applications as it challenges traditional paradigms, methods, texts, and separate discourse of race, gender, and class by showing how social constructs intersect to impact on communities of color (Murphy, Gaughan, Hume, & Moore,
The article begins with Davis recognizing a few of the women who were fighting for black rights as well as women’s rights between 1960’s to 1980’s, such as Julia Wilder, Maggie Bozeman. She shares their stories and then concludes with how their sacrifices to the movement were left unnoticed by our predominantly white patriarchal society. Although her delivery was bold, she clarifies her message by stating “I am mentioning these women not for the purpose of criticizing anyone, but in order to point out the big gaps in the information that is available to us and some of the problems that we have to overcome if we are going to be able to establish the most effective women's movement and the most effective approach to women's studies” (Davis 34). With that statement she wanted to explain her intent was not to judge anyone for not knowing who the black feminists were or their contributions,but that she simply just gives an example of the “gaps in the information” that we have given to us. Although this article was written in 1982, the issues Davis presented are still prominent in our nation today. The achievements and struggles of many black feminists are still lost in history and these women have yet to get the recognition they
Published from the Wellesley College Center in 1988, Peggy McIntosh’s “White Privilege and Male Privilege: A personal Account of Coming to See Correspondence Through Work in Women’s Studies” explains and goes into detail about the advantages and unearned privileges that both white and male individuals experience. In this paper she identifies some of the daily effects of white privilege in her life. In these conditions she lists she says they attach more to skin-color privilege than to class, religion, ethnic status, or geographic location (7-11). In this paper McIntosh recalls that whites are carefully taught not to recognize white privilege, as males are taught not to recognize male privilege (3). She realizes
Among the many subjects covered in this book are the three classes of oppression: gender, race and class in addition to the ways in which they intersect. As well as the importance of the movement being all-inclusive, advocating the idea that feminism is in fact for everybody. The author also touches upon education, parenting and violence. She begins her book with her key argument, stating that feminist theory and the movement are mainly led by high class white women who disregarded the circumstances of underprivileged non-white women.