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The Texas Caddoe Indians and the Comanches of the Plains The Indians of Texas had cultural practices common to most. Their family organization and religious beliefs were very similar. They believed in the super natural power of healers who were called shamens. The basic social organization among all tribes was the family. The men were the hunters and the fighters and they fought in the wars. The women did the chores, and both the men and the women shared in the upbringing of the kids. There were different Native American cultures (Richardson, et al. 9).
The Caddoe Indians were considered the most advanced of all the Texas Indians and they lived in villages in northeast Texas. They were a part of the southeastern culture in the Houston area.
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The Caddoes hunted wild game or animals, and did some of the work in the fields. They were farmers and they gathered berries. There were baskets filled with beans, acorns and nuts; and jars which were filled with corn. The jars were covered with ashes to keep the weevils away. The Caddoes always kept a two year supply of seeds but their main food supply came from hunting (Richardson, et al. 10).
The Caddoan family consisted of two confederacies. The Caddo confederacy was located in Arkansas, Louisiana and Texarkana. The Hasinai confederacy was located on the upper part of the Angelina and Neches rivers. The Hasinai was the more important of the two confederacies, and they consisted of about a dozen groups. The Spaniards first established missions in the Hasinai confederacy (Richardson, et al. 9).
The Comanches dominated the southern Great Plains by the eighteenth century. They were fearless warriors and they unsurpassed in horsemanship. They were ruthless in warfare with the white man’s civilization as well as with other Indians. The center of their lives was hunting buffalo and perfecting their skills with their horses. In Texas the most important of the Comanche bands were the Penatekas, or Honey-eaters (Richardson, et al.
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They never lived too long in any one place. They had a certain region which was their home, but they would break their camp and move somewhere else. They would break their camp if someone of importance died or if people died from an epidemic. Once they would abandon a camp they would never return (Richardson, et al. 12).
The Comanches were very aggressive and independent and they would drive other bands away. They did establish an alliance with the Kiowas, who also depended on horse and buffalo, and were a nomadic people like the Comanches. The Comanches and the Kiowas traveled, hunted and fought together, but they maintained their identities until their final days of freedom on the High Plains (Richardson, et al. 12).
The Caddoes and the Comanches were two very different people but they both knew and understood the land better than white people will. The Caddoes were considered the most advanced of the Texas Indians, but the Comanches were fierceless warriors. The Texas Indians were not victorious in protecting their territory and their way of life because they were confronted by superior numbers and resources. They were also doomed by disease which threatened their existence. The Indians taught the newcomers how to grow crops, and how to preserve foods as well as the methods for hunting wild game. The Spanish mission system was not able to convert the native people to Christianity because they could not accept the restrictions of mission life
The Shawnees are organized into five major groups. Chalagawtha and Thawegila supplied political leaders, Piquas were responsible for maintaining tribal rituals, Kispokothas supplied war chiefs, and Maykujays were specialists in medicine and health. Over time, and through the end of the book, their number dwindled and duties were interchanged, causing conflict. Since the Shawnees were continually at war, the position of war chief was of great importance.
Quapaw, Osage, and Caddo have many similarities as well as differences. For example: their religion, food acquisition, food production, and social structure. In this essay, there will be comparisons between the tribes as well as distinctive differences in each tribe. In this paper, information about these tribes will be further explored.
A lot of people have tribes, and almost every tribe is different. In rules, looks, and meanings. There are two specific tribes to learn about today. That is the Apache tribe and the Lakota tribe. There are many similarities and differences.
The Dakota and the Ojibwe tribes were certainly very similar if you really think about it. Both depended greatly on canoes and were incredibly serious about respecting each other and following rules. Some of the main rules and valued forms of respect for both tribes included generosity, going about in the tipi in a quiet and orderly manner, and always respecting elders.
In the introduction, Hämäläinen introduces how Plains Indians horse culture is so often romanticized in the image of the “mounted warrior,” and how this romanticized image is frequently juxtaposed with the hardships of disease, death, and destruction brought on by the Europeans. It is also mentioned that many historians depict Plains Indians equestrianism as a typical success story, usually because such a depiction is an appealing story to use in textbooks. However, Plains Indians equestrianism is far from a basic story of success. Plains equestrianism was a double-edged sword: it both helped tribes complete their quotidian tasks more efficiently, but also gave rise to social issues, weakened the customary political system, created problems between other tribes, and was detrimental to the environment.
The Cherokees and the Aztecs were very different people in many ways not only in location but also in ways of living. The Cherokees were southwestern woodland farmers. The Aztecs were also farmers in mesoamerica like the Mayans.
So now you have met the Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas. You’ve learned about their lives, seen their journeys, and traveled with them from the past to the present. In all I hope this paper gives a greater understanding of the history and a look into another culture to broaden minds.
Have you ever heard of the Powhatan tribe? If not, let me share a little fact about them. Powhatan means “waterfall” in the Virginia Algonquian language. The Powhatans didn't live in tepees. They lived in small roundhouses called wigwams, or in larger Iroquois-style longhouses.
The Natchez were well-known for their strong central government and their highly evolved religious ceremonies. Moreover, the language of the Natchez does not seem to have any relation to that of any other tribe in the area. The tribe is said to have used the name, “Thelöel,” when referring to themselves, and it is believed that the French may have assigned the name “Natchez” to the tribe because one of the villages bore the name. Likewise, the French named the surrounding area Natchez, as well.
Texas Indians had a unique social order. Men were often the warriors and hunters of the village; while women toiled with hard labor such as farming. As de Vaca famously wrote, “children were the most important member of their society”. Children took precedence in their community and way of life. Texas Indians believed that children were the future; and
The Cahuilla were a Native Southern Californian tribe that occupied the Riverside County, Higher Palomar Mountain Region and East Colorado Desert. The tribe was divided into two groups or moieties know as Wildcats or Coyotes. The Cahuilla lived in small clans that varied in population, and together all the separate clans made up a larger political group called a sib ”http://www.aguacaliente.org/content/History%20&%20Culture/.” The tribe was at first considered to be very simple and savage because they were never interacted with. As the Europeans and Spanish Missionaries considered the desert an inhospitable place that was better to avoid because of its lack of food resources. Little did those European and Spanish missionaries know that the land was ripe with food, only if you knew the land and the seasons. The Cahuilla were a very interesting tribe that cared and loved their land and in return the land would provide them with an abundance of food and resources. The Cahuilla had a very simple yet intricate life that involved a seasonal migration in order to gain access to different foods. They relied on different ways of acquiring food which involved both hunting and gathering.
Indian nations like the Cheyenne Tribe, the Choctaw tribe and the Navajo tribe are often overlooked, though they have been quite influential in our history as a continuously growing world. Modern culture and society cares nothing for the start of the tribes, nor their modern state, their help to our beginning and continuance, or to the modern culture and society of those indian tribes.
depended on berries and hunting deer and antelope they had many ways that they could kill and
At first, this tribe moved from the Great Lakes region to the North Dakota area. This happened in the 1600-1700s. Also at this time, the Cheyenne were a sedentary tribe who relied on agriculture and pottery. Though, in the 1800s, they decided to abandon this lifestyle and become nomadic and move to South Dakota (Black Hills), Wyoming, and Colorado areas. No matter where the Cheyenne lived, they always kept their natural language, which was part of the Algonquin language family (Lewis). The Cheyenne tribe, like other tribes, had their own lifestyle, beliefs, and customs and also had conflicts with the whites. Even today, the Cheyenne Indians exist and are living well.
advantage of the rich black soil for farming. Corn was their main source of food,