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What are the reasons behind the titanic disaster
Reasons for the titanic disaster
What are the reasons behind the titanic disaster
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When engineers decide to design a product, a lot of things get into the process of decision making when it comes to design, selection of materials and the process of manufacturing. A major concern that has always been in the process of decision making is attempting to ensure that the outcomes of the product will be ethically sound, though this is not the case always. Nobody is perfect and therefore, what they do is to try out the functionality of a product, and accidents may occur. Upon any eventuality of an engineering disaster, several factors may be involved, such as design flaws, material failure, extreme conditions, and human factors. Whenever these things happen, it is necessary to look into the engineers ethical aspects of every failure …show more content…
Looking at them from a variety of ethical perspectives is important. However, this paper will look at the standards of authoritarianism for this focus at the sinking of the Titanic. The action aim is the creation of largest balance possible over greatest happiness or pain, for the most significant number of people. In other words, every single decision ought to result in happiness for most people, It results in making it a form of consequentialism, where the consequences of conducts of one are an ultimate base for possible judgment about that conduct’s rightness. Jeremy Bentham came up with an algorithm for determining the amount or degree of pleasure caused by a particular action. He referred to this as Hedonic Calculus, and it was partitioned into seven categories. Jeremy has further based the calculation on of the pleasure intensity, the duration of the pleasure, certainty of comfort, the similarity of fun, fecundity that will be followed by fun, the probability of the reverse occurring and the extent of the affected people. The paper will try to allocate some of the Titanic major failures into these categories, to establish the ethical ground of the engineers that were responsible for the Titanic (Haeffele, Dubois & Sire, …show more content…
The Titanic’s flash also made it an expensive ship to construct. In cutting on the projected costs, the rivets made were of two different materials. One of the rivet material was stronger than the other. The steel rivets were only used in the central hull where the engineers believed required the strongest rivets. The other weak iron rivets were used in the bow and stern of the ship. The integrity was lost when the small metal quality was used because they ended up to become brittle when exposed to freezing water, like the one Titanic would be traveling through, In applying the utilitarianism to the decision, it is evident that the action was not real. The pleasure duration would only last until when a threat tried to break the weak rivets, however, this is where one would want to experience pleasure. Unfortunately, the happiness would likely not last long in the life of the ship, or it would happen so suddenly, so certainly is wrong. It is unlikely that the cutting costs pleasure would be subsequently followed by other pleasures. Therefore, purity and fecundity would decline (Basset,
Engineers, contractors, and other businesses must be mindful of and knowledgeable of their legal obligations when performing their occupation or supplying a product. Negligence in the design or construction of a product that results in damage or bodily harm, or could result in damage or bodily harm, can result in liability for economic loss under Canadian Tort law. Engineers, architects, and contractors need to be respectful of their duty of care to ensure their product is precisely produced with no danger of negligence.
... middle of paper ... ...& Co. (2009). The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'. The Ship Magnificent, Vol. 2. Conclusion Due to The Titanic's incident engineers have improved on the building of ships with the aid of modern technology and durable materials which is able to withstand hard pressures exerted on it, and it has also enabled them to build bigger ships which has the capacity of caring large number of people, as well as more number of survival boats, and emergency radio communicators, computer and satellite to enable the captain or crew members to get help when faced in trouble in bad waters, etc.
The Titanic worked like you would expect. Just like any other boat or ship, it floated because it weighed less than the amount of liquid it displaced. However, many factors contributed to the sinking of the Titanic. Rivets are very
Often when we think about the Titanic the first thought that comes to the mind is the film “Titanic” which was produced in 1997, 85 years after the disaster struck. It starred Kate Winslett (Rose DeWitt Bukater), Leonardo DiCaprio (Jack Dawson) And Billy Zane (Cal Hokley) as the main characters. The film is about a love triangle between the three main characters. This movie was produced by James Cameron who put enormous amount of research about the shipwreck of the titanic in order to depict the turn of events in his film. Amongst the purposes of his research he wanted to accurately depict the ship wreck itself from the very instant the ship hit the iceberg to the very last part of the ship that was subdued into the water. Another very significant part of Cameron’s research was to understand the socio-economic status of the passengers which will be discussed in detail later. Although historians have criticized certain aspects Cameron’s film the accuracy in which he depicts certain aspects such as the socio-economics of the passengers can’t be ignored.
Classical utilitarianism is a normative ethical theory which holds that an action can only be considered as morally right where its consequences bring about the greatest amount of good to the greatest number (where 'good' is equal to pleasure minus pain). Likewise, an action is morally wrong where it fails to maximise good. Since it was first articulated in the late 19th Century by the likes of Jeremy Bentham and later John Stewart Mill, the classical approach to utilitarianism has since become the basis for many other consequentialist theories such as rule-utilitarianism and act-utilitarianism upon which this essay will focus (Driver, 2009). Though birthed from the same utilitarian principle of maximising good, rule-utilitarianism and act-utilitarianism provide two very different accounts on how the maximising of good should be approached. This essay will compare these two approaches and try to ascertain whether rule-utilitarianism is indeed preferable to act-utilitarianism.
Including that the ship's steel plates were excessively weak for the close solidifying Atlantic waters, that the effect made bolts pop and the extension joints fizzled, among others. Technological parts of the calamity aside, Titanic's downfall has gone up against a more profound, practically mythic. Many view the disaster as a profound quality play about the threats of human hubris: Titanic's makers trusted they had fabricated a resilient ship that couldn't be crushed by the laws of nature. The shock was driven not slightest by the survivors themselves; even while they were on board Carpathia on their approach to New York, Beesley and different survivors resolved to stir popular conclusion to defend sea go later on and composed an open letter to The Times encouraging changes to sea security laws. In places nearly connected with the Titanic, the feeling of misery was
The Unsinkable Ship That Sank On the day of April 12,1912, Titanic was thought to be the dream ship that could never be destroyed. Like today’s society, the passengers were enjoying the time of their lives and thought nothing could ever happen to them because everybody thinks it’s the “unsinkable” ship, or at least that’s what everyone knew it to be. White Star Line’s Titanic was called the “Ship of dreams”. As they loaded up, many passengers of different classes and sectors of society thought that, that was the ticket to their dreams. But as time pass by from enjoying too much, little do they know that the ship is sinking.
The tragic history of the Titanic, the sinking of the “unsinkable” giant of a ship shocked the entire world and contributed to important shifts in the mass consciousness of the people who lived at that period and assessed the achievements of new technologies and their role. However, one would have been hardly able to predict in 1912 that this tragedy, no matter how significant and meaningful, would leave such a deep imprint on the history of human civilization. The continuing interest in the fate of the great vessel has taken the form of various narrations and given rise to numerous myths enveloping the true history and, in this way, often obscuring the facts related to the tragedy. In recent years, this interest has been emphasized by the dramatic discovery of the wreck and examination of its remains. The recovery of artifacts from the Titanic and the exploration of the site where it had sank stimulated new speculations on different issues of the failure to rescue the Titanic and the role of different factors contributing to the disaster. These issues have been traditionally in the focus of discussions that caused controversies and ambiguous interpretations of various facts. They also often overshadowed other parts of the disaster story that were confirmed by statistical data and revealed the impact of social realities. The social stratification of passengers that reflected the social realities of the period and its class interests determined the chances of survival, with most of those perished in the Titanic disaster having been lower class individuals.
Safety in the ethics and industry of aerospace technology is of prime importance for preventing tragic malfunctions and crashes. Opposed to automobiles for example, if an airplane breaks down while in mid-flight, it has nowhere to go but down. And sadly it will often go down “hard” and with a high probability of killing people. The Engineering Code of Ethics states first and foremost that, “Engineers shall hold paramount the safety, health and welfare of the public.” In the aerospace industry, this as well holds very true, both in manufacturing and in air safety itself. Airline safety has recently become a much-debated topic, although arguments over air safety and travel have been going ...
The water temperature that night was below freezing. The wrought iron rivets that fastened the hull plates to the Titanic's main structure also failed because of brittle fracture during the collision with the iceberg. Low water temperatures contributed to this failure [Garzke and others, 1994].
Engineers design, build or maintain applications and systems to solve various societal problems. Their behaviors thus have a non-negligible impact on human development. Oftentimes, however, engineers are faced with the dilemma to choose between compromising their code of ethics and threatening their promising careers. It is important that engineers deem public welfare as a supreme concern and stand their ground so that they will report any observed situations that potentially can harm public safety to their superiors. The Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) case study is a good example of engineers being responsible with society in that they attempted multiple times to inform their supervisors in management about their concerns with the possible imminent system failure of BART. Even though their voices were ignored and they were fired by the company in the end, they made the passengers realize the probable dangers underneath this regional rail service. Consequently, on October 2nd, 1972, as a result of Automatic Train Control (ATC) failure, a BART train overshot the station at Fremont and wounded several people. In order to prevent these tragic accidents from happening, the BART case needs to be further examined for deeper understanding of the problem. This paper will use deontological ethical framework to address the cause of BART train system failure and recommend feasible plans to avert similar tragedies from occurring in the future to BART employees. Therefore, not only engineers, but also managers and board of directors should be educated about ethics and should be familiar with basic technical knowledge regarding their business.
I will analyze these three main objections to Bentham’s “greatest happiness” principle: First, it reduces all actions of moral importance to a single scale of pleasure and pain. Second, it fails to reasonably calculate how much pleasure or pain is actually obtained from an action. Third, it does not provide sufficient moral consideration involving human
McLaren, B. (2010, July 22). The ethical responsibility of engineers and the rest of us, too [Web log article]. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/brian-d-mclaren/the-ethical-responsibilit_b_653812.html
A moral theory should be one’s guide when deciding whether an action is either good or bad, wrong or right. There are many types of moral theories to choose from, but we will only focus on two: utilitarianism and ancient hedonism. These theories meet in their pursuit of something greater, for hedonism it’s personal pleasure while for utilitarianism it is happiness for the greater number of people. In this work, the differences and the similarities of utilitarianism and hedonism will be pointed out after explaining them separately.
Mechanical engineers have a responsibility of ensuring they abide by general ethics as that have been laid down by engineering bodies such as the American Society of Mechanical engineers. Engineers have to sound alarm whenever safety violations are breached or when the organization does not perform required procedures that may endanger lives. It is the engineer’s duty to inform members of the public whenever legal bodies fail to nullify projects which may cause disasters.