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Impacts of the First World War
US entry into WWI
Impacts of the First World War
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In the First Word War, military submarines made a significant impact for the first time. The German U-Boats enjoyed a great deal of success and were responsible for destroying around half of all the food and supplies transported by the British Merchant Navy. As much as the United States wanted to stay neutral during World War I, they could only tolerate so much. America thought there was no reason to join either side, and they did not have a clue on who would win. By setting an example of peace to the world, America stuck with their choice of staying neutral. Little by little, the Germans pushed America to their limit, causing them to go to war. Incidents such as the sinking of the Lusitania caused America to push towards entering the war.
Larson talks in detail about both ship's journey and how they meet up. In the book, there were many signs that foreshadowed the demise of the Lusitania. One example, is the newspaper article that warns all ships passing through the war zone will be sunk. An article in a newspaper ad warns people to not go in the war zone. The ad was not taken seriously and a passenger later said that many people did not take any notice of it because it was such a daring idea ("How the Sinking"). If this warning was put in papers, how could this not be seen as an accident when Germany is basically telling people to not enter this spot. Nobody can prove that U-20 was on a hunt for the Lusitania, but there were many warnings given to the Lusitania by Germans. On the Lusitania, there was a room built to seek U-boats to keep the ship from getting sunk. In the book, it talks about the room, Room 40. It was said to know that a U-boat was heading the same direction they are going. They also knew that the boat was supposed to sink any ship they could (Larson 169). The Lusitania knew that a U-boat was heading directly towards them and yet did not change their course. Captain Turner must have been sure his ship could beat out a U-boat and nobody would dare to sink him. In the book, many points are made in why the Lusitania should sail the sea's got caught in the crossfire resulting in the sinking of the Lusitania. World War I was in full swing and America had remained neutral, even though many people were getting killed and nobody was winning. The sinking of the Lusitania, many believe is irrelevant and do not really know anything about it, but it impacted history. When interviewing Jake Wakey, our World Studies teacher he answered why is the sinking so overlooked in history. He says “Because, like many other things in life, we tend to focus on what happens vs. why things happen and the Lusitania is part of the why for U.S. entry into WWI” (Wakey). Mr. Wakey shows that even though the sinking of the Lusitania did not affect how we live our life, but it tells why we live the way we do and how we ended up in World War I. Although some people may say the sinking of the Lusitania is irrelevant, many people lost their lives because of this and it impacted history in a way not
The USS Indianapolis was a heavy cruiser. She did not have heavy armor which made her vulnerable to torpedo attacks. She had been ordered to sail on July 16, 1945, to deliver a bomb that would end the war. Unfortunately, it sank before it arrived.
It was estimated that winds speeds were up to 96mph and waves were 35 feet high during the storm on the tenth. The Edmund Fitzgerald loaded with Iron Ore was headed from Milwaukee, Wisconsin to Detroit, Michigan to deliver its freight to Detroit steel mills to be used in the production in cars. However the ship turned toward the safety of Whitefish Bay as the storm approached. The 29 men aboard the Fitzgerald were confident in their safety despite the storm because of the ships reputation as one of the strongest and most competent ships on the Great Lakes. The ship when launched in 1958 set records for carrying the largest loads and making the fastest trips. The ship could carry 25,400 tons of freight. The ships captain Ernest McSorley was one of the most experienced captains in the business, he spent 44 of his previous years sailing on the Great Lakes. As you can tell the Captain, crew, and the ship itself were all held in high regard and none of their conducts were brought into question when evaluating why the ship sank. So why did the ship sink?
Both sides accepted the United States’ aid but they also sought to cut-off each other’s supply chain. While the Allies barricaded Germany’s ports with the British Navy, Germany began attacking merchant ships using their submarines, or U-boats. While Wilson was angered by the British tactics he was even more infuriated by the German’s. This would be the ultimate end of U.S. neutrality as Wilson would sternly address Germany’s actions and not Britain’s.
While the naval war is usually known for only little attention in histories of World War I, the Royal Navy's blockade of Germany played a dangerous role in the War. The U.S. Navy linking with the Royal Navy played a significant role in overcoming the German U-boats in the North Atlantic. The Germany Navy while technically effective disastrously diminished the German war effort. Germany's building of a High Seas Fleet was one of the causes that public view on Britain turned against Germany and that Britain come unto the War. Yet, the small U-boat fleet, showed a key competition to the British. In the early war, U-boats drowned three British cruisers, shocking the people of both England and Germany. The U-boat campaign was a major reason that public opinion in America turned against Germany and that America entered the War. Despite the huge investment, the German Navy accomplished nothing in return to counter balance the cost for Germany.
International law was also a big part of United States neutrality during the war. Germany and Britain each sought to end U.S. trade with the other. With a series of what Berlin called "illegal" blockades, Britain gained the upper ha...
After looking over some log information from both the USS Greer and Germany’s submarines, I had taken the route that the start of this whole incident was the fault of the British. If not for the British getting involved the way they had, then maybe the German submarine would not have fired torpedoes. To get the American people rallied for war, President Roosevelt had manipulated the American people by using polls and speaking to get fear and anger across the country, but did Roosevelt do the manipulation for the greater good? When looking at all that information about how President Roosevelt had been reacting and talking about this incident, it is obvious that he was trying to get people to agree to war, it is obvious that he was manipulating or at least trying to manipulate the United States to stop Germany, but one of the two big questions is why?
Germany is desperate with no trade with the U.S., and their economy is frantically crumbling. In retaliation, Germany violated the international warfare law by attacking submarines without warning. Wilson’s response: Germany must stop the blockade or face the consequences. Wilson agrees to reach a deal with Germany after they publish a statement to negotiate, even though both France and Great Britain have proclaimed that this war would end with total victory over Germany. Wilson is trapped by his own ultimatum.
Overall coverage of this event from the American perspective was passionate and headstrong by some reporters. But others felt very different claiming “it was no fault of the German government” since it was clearly stated the waters were part of a war zone. A letter to the editor of The New York Times questioned the integrity of the news columns related to the Lusitania. The contents of the letter disputed many of the editors knowledge of the sinking and supported the Germans...
Before the United States entered WW II, President Franklin Roosevelt signed a series of documents known as the Neutrality Acts. These acts were passed and followed between the years 1935 and 1941 and were used to keep the U.S. out of the war.1 The Neutrality Acts limited weapons sales to countries not involved in the war, gave the U.S. power to keep its citizens off of ships of, or travelling to nations involved in the war, and outlawed loans to countries currently in war and countries who had not paid back previous loans.2 These acts also outlawed American ships to carry weapons to nations in the war. The U.S. believed that if a nation in war knew that a ship had weapons on it, this ship would be a prime target for that country, therefor drawing the U.S. into another war. The Neutrality Acts helped keep the U.S. out of WW II until the bombing of Pearl Harbor, at which point the U.S. helped the British through a "Lend-Lease Program". The Lend-Lease Program allowed the U.S. to give arms and...
In the beginning of the war the United States, lead by President Woodrow Wilson, took the clear stance of neutrality. Yet there has been long standing debates as to why the United States entered World War 1 after claiming neutrality for so long. Some argue that it was directly affected by the discovery of the Zimmermann Telegram in January of 1917. While others debate it was an extensive string of events that lead to a declaration of war against Germany in April of the same year, yet the debates find a common ground on the lack of true neutrality on the part of the United States.
The German’s unrestricted submarine warfare was the main reason for the U.S. to enter war. Wilson had tremendous support from Americans. The Germans had to be stopped. The attacks came without warning killing many innocent people (Winter and Baggett, 1996). The Germans sank numerous ships including our own. The most famous ship sunk was the Lusitiania. Aboard that ship 128 Americans were killed (http://www.angelfire.com/in3/wilson/wilson.html). The Lusitania was torpedoed without any notice. The Lusitania sunk in 18 minutes killing a total of 1198 people (http://www.poltechnic.org/faculty/gfeldmeth/chart.ww1.html).
When War broke out in Europe in 1914 Wilson determined it was in the best interest of the United States to stay out of the conflict. In spite of the fact that president Wilson hoped to stay out of the war and wanted peace, in mid 1917 German submarines started attacking U.S. dealerships. On April 2, 1917, Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany, stating,“The world must be made safe for democracy.(History.com Staff)” In the following year and a half the United States constructed a army of 4 million men by enrollment, and sent 2 million men abroad to France, and joined the whole populace behind the war effort.
Congress passed the declaration of war against Germany primarily based on its unrestricted use of U-boats against American ships. Thus through actions taken by the Germans, the United States would begin its involvement in the Great War. Works Cited James, D. Clayton, and Anne Sharp Wells. America and the Great War, 1914-1920. Wheeling: Harlan Davidson, 1998.
Indeed, Hitler’s plan to defeat the Allies with U-boats was looking very good. For some unknown reason the Allied ships could not defend against the U-boats. With Hitler in control it looked like the Axis powers were going to drive the Allies out of the Atlantic and win the Battle of the Atlantic. With Hitler taking over most of England, and Great Britain trying to hold the Germans off, the United States decides to send war aid to Britain. The United States gave the British fifty old American destroyers (Von Der Porten 171).
However, the U.S. did participate in the Eight Nation Alliance in the Boxer Rebellion, as well as invade other sovereign nations, such as the Philippines and Cuba, at the turn of the 19th century. However, in the United States, there was a large ethnic group of German-Americans that was beginning to be perceived as a threat to American culture due to the rise of German nationalism. For instance, the problem of German nationalism had become a problem due to the conflicting ethnic identity of German-Americans: “ A Philadelphia woman later recalled how, before the war, the beer wagons of German-American brewers in her city had an American flag on one side and German one on the other” (Boemke et al, 1999, p.117). In this ethnic and nationalist conflict, many Americans became suspicious of German loyalties to the Kaiser, which was part of the expanded nationalist and militaristic growth of the United States as a competing imperial power. In this climate of nationalism, many Americans became suspicious of Germans, which led to increased political support for overturning Woodrow Wilson’s promises of neutrality when the war broke out in Europe in July of 1914. The sinking of the Lusitania in 1914 was a major event that defined a rationale for Americas entering the war, since the Germans were creating major disruptions in American trade routes by sinking civilian and merchant ships in the Atlantic. In this hostile act, the Kaiser had broken international rules of law, which forced President Wilson and the United States to enter the war to stop the threat of German military power from taking complete control of Europe. Certainly, the Kaiser had awoken the “sleeping giant” of American industrial and military power, which allowed the Allied Powers to eventual defat Germany in 1918.