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Moral subjectivism and cultural relativism
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Recommended: Moral subjectivism and cultural relativism
Cheating in our culture is often looked at with distain and is something that most find unacceptable. However, the question will always remain, is there ever a time when cheating can be justified? To answer this question one must define what cheating really is. Cheating at its root is dishonesty and with moral relativism swiftly becoming the norm in our society, dishonesty has fallen into a rather grey are of life. Something that one would find to be dishonest on all accounts another would find to be acceptable under the right circumstances. For each individual there must be a baseline from which their morals are established and from which they define the difference between right or wrong. One area of life we can look to for clarity is the world of sports. In sports, there are rules which govern a players conduct …show more content…
and behavior that are in place not only for the benefit of the player but also for the integrity of the sport itself. Take America’s favorite pastime for instance. Over its long and storied history baseball has been a game driven by statistics, percentages, and records. Major League Baseball has been a part of American History since 1869, so when someone is found to be cheating in the Majors they are not only condemned for being dishonest but for tampering with a part of our nations heritage. Over the years, there have been many cheating scandals in baseball involving some of its best players.
In 2007 Barry Bonds broke Hank Aaron’s all-time home run record. However, it was later discovered that this was done while using performance enhancing drugs, forever casting doubt on his legitimacy as a player and whether the previous record should still stand. Another infamous player was Pete Rose who was accused of betting on his own team during the 1986 season causing him to be kept from the MLB Hall of Fame despite his exceptional career. Lastly, there’s Shoeless Joe Jackson of the Chicago White Sox who was banned from baseball for life after receiving money for throwing games in the 1919 World Series.
All of these examples show how cheating in sports like baseball may achieve some desired results but the consequences of getting caught are not worth the risk to everyone involved. Cheating in these instances not only affected the players themselves but also the purity of the game by casting doubt that future achievements would ever be on the same level as those performed in the past. Therefore, in the world of sports cheating is never
acceptable.
Though being rife with scandal throughout the 160 year history of Major League Baseball, the 1919 World Series fixing scandal stands out as the most controversial. This World Series was not just controversial for the gambling that was involved, but how the team was managed, and how some players were unjustly punished for their role in the scandal. “Shoeless” Joe Jackson; a player that to this day has the third highest batting average, and has maintained his innocence up to his death in 1951. Jackson has been barred from induction into the Baseball Hall of Fame since 1920. This is a travesty considering Charles Comiskey; then owner of the Chicago White Sox, has been inducted, even though he also played a part in trying to cover up the scandal.
Barry Bonds Court Case Stirs Other Issues: A different perspective on the Barry Bonds steroid scandal and the suppression of hidden truths.
The past fifteen years of baseball have contained dirty play by some of the best players to ever play the sport. Kids all over America look at these athletes as role models. The money hungry players proceed to send a terrible message to fans of the game by taking drugs to succeed. After commissioner Bud Selig cracked down on steroid use in 2005, several baseball player’s legacies have been ruined due to steroid allegations. Players are even being charged with perjury by lying to Congress over steroid use to protect their reputation.
Performance enhancing drugs have been a longstanding problem in sports. It not only deteriorates the honesty of the game, but also can have broader social affects that one may not even realize. The use of performance enhancing drugs is especially apparent in Major League Baseball. This problem can be traced back to the 1980’s when baseball was facing one of its first “dark periods”. During the 1980’s Major League Baseball was experiencing a home run drought. Home run totals were down as far as they had been since Babe Ruth, and fans were seemingly becoming bored with the sport. The lack of home runs was a growing concern for players whose salary relied on home run totals. Players needed to find a quick way to boost their power and performance in order to keep the sport alive and to keep bringing in their paychecks. This desire for fame and fortune introduced steroids into Major League Baseball in the 1990’s and 2000’s. Home run totals jumped tremendously during these decades and players were willing to risk being caught using illegal substances in order to shine above the rest. New idols and role models started to sprout up from these outstanding home run statistics and young children started to take notice. This all came tumbling down when these new idols and role models who were making the big bucks and hitting the ball out of the park tested positive for performance enhancing drugs. Here lie the affects of a growing social problem in sports. These famed athletes become walking advertisements and promotions for the use of performance enhancing drugs in sports. The influence professional athletes have over aspiring young athletes is very powerful and these roles models make it seem acceptable to use performance ...
Ever since the beginning of baseball players have been trying to bend the rules in order to give themselves a competitive edge over their opponent. Even people who do not watch baseball know about players 10 years ago using steroids and players just this year using biogenesis, but not many people realize that there is still cheating going on.
The game of baseball has been labeled as "America's Pastime." Since its beginning in the United States about 150 years ago, millions of people of all ages have played the sport. With anything in life, especially sports, cheating will always occur in some way. Throughout the history of baseball, many scandals and offenses have occurred. While many of these situations have eventually passed over, one in particular has not; it stands out significantly: The Black Sox Scandal.
Barry Bonds and Mark McGwire are two of the most fearsome hitters of all time, but the use of steroids made their careers go down the drain, neither are in the Hall of Fame. Sammy Sosa was another powerful hitter whose career was damaged by steroids.
Until 2012, Lance Armstrong was believed to be the best road cyclist in the world, winning seven consecutive Tour de France races, but this title and his reputation were stripped away when his cheating was proven. Unfortunately, Mr. Armstrong is just one athlete among many who have been found to tip the scales in their favor. Barry Bonds and Mark McGwire stained the reputation of baseball by using performance- enhancing drugs to shatter home run records set by honest players while Mike Tyson’s infamous nibble is joked about in sports and entertainment media. Some of these men would argue that their cheating was justified by the dishonesty of others but are they right?
When you hear the names: Barry Bonds, Lance Armstrong, Alex Rodriguez and Jose Canseco what is the first thing that comes to your mind? Those are the names of some of the most famous athletes in the world. They were all at the top of their game and considered the best players in their sports, but they all had one problem. They all used performance enhancing drugs such as steroids to get the upper hand. Their decisions to do performance enhancing drugs doesn’t only affect their careers it affects society in a lot of ways. It became a social phenomenon.
Recently many athletes from all kinds of sports have been caught using performance-enhancing drugs. When an athlete tests positive or is suspicious about using performance-enhancing drugs, the athlete is usually vilified in the media. There also have been many instances never reported. It has come to a point where an athlete who is doing really well in his sport has speculations on the use of steroids or other performing-enhancing drugs arise. But the upsetting thing about sports today is that the speculations may very well be true. The use of steroids, and other performance-enhancing drugs, is dangerous. It also has diminished the value of sportsmanship and because of this I believe the performance-enhancing drugs should be banned.
In its entirety, the message of the chapter was to display the roots that cheating has throughout society, however the examples enable the authors to demonstrate the specific factors that play into developing a form of cheating. A major component of determining a type of cheating is the incentive that is present. In the examples of the Israeli daycares, an economic incentive of $3 was put in place to encourage parents to pick up the children on time, but the incentive did not work in favor of the day care and eventually encouraged more cheating after the fee had been dropped. The situation with the cheating teachers in Chicago also displayed a key form of cheating due to economic incentives; the Chicago teachers were motivated by incentives to either advance their economic situation by receiving a bonus or maintaining their economic situation by not losing their job, overall encouraging the teachers to cheat on their students’ standardized tests. The situation of the sumo wrestlers in Japan reflected both economic and social incentives, the wrestlers worked with one another among the stables in the elite rankings in order to maintain their elite ranking, thus feeding into the social order of Japanese sumo wrestling. The economic incentives came into play with prize money and larger salaries that came along with being in the elite class of
The reason why I ask this question is because we now live in a society where things change daily, where what is wrong today may not be wrong tomorrow. Where what used to be normal is not normal, where moral code of conduct is now wrong. As society changes what morality, ethics or custom are, just as the author of the Wikipedia described, “from an unwritten code of conduct”, who is to say that cheating is wrong? It was only a few years ago that our ancestors considered things like spelling and grammar check as cheating, or how the person with the most money wins an election as cheating.
Many players that played in the MLB and are now in the Hall of Fame could have been using steroids for their whole careers, but since before 1991 steroids was not a banned substance in the MLB, the players got away with it. Not only that, but the great players that did get caught or admitted to using steroids are not in the Hall of Fame, which in unjust because we don’t know who was and who wasn’t also using steroids at the same time as these great players. Also, steroids and other performance enhancing drugs are not as effective and efficient at making a player better at baseball than many people actually believe. Just because someone uses steroids doesn’t mean they can hit a baseball, they still need to work on hand-eye coordination and reaction time to be able to hit the ball, as steroids only help a player get stronger. Finally, many players with great accomplishments are not being inducted into the Hall of Fame but people such as Tom Yawkey are already in the Hall of Fame. Racism is frowned upon now in the world and isn’t widely accepted thing at all, so if a racist person such as Tom Yawkey can get into the Hall of Fame because of his accomplishments, a person who has used steroids should be able to get into the Hall of Fame as well based on their accomplishments. Sports writers that vote for the players to be inducted
The basic idea of cheating immediately brings you back to being a kid when you are told cheating is wrong. Weather your cheating to win a game or pass a test it has consequences. However the consequences of cheating may not always be clear or immediate. For many cheating of any form is seen as wrong. However cheating always seems to be a topic up for debate. For some cheating is accepted as natural. One defense we often hear is “everyone else is doing it”. While others claim regardless of the reason behind it, cheating is always wrong.
Sportsmanship will never be instituted as a mandatory rule in sports; but rather, it remains a choice by each individual. This decision defines an individual’s character to understand and commit themselves to fair play, ethical behavior, and integrity. In some cases the evil of sports and the importance of winning can corrupt these important values that help instill ethical decision making.