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Impact of automobiles
Importance of air pollution
Impact of automobiles
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The quality of life granted by the air we breathe is protected by organizations such as the GEPD, ALA, and EPA. These organizations operate as a guide to matters about air pollution for Metro Atlanta and cities across the United States. The population of Metro Atlanta is approximately 5.6 million with air pollutant particle matter ranging from PM2.5 and PM10 micrometers. PM2.5 is a measurement of “fine particles produced from all types of combustion, including motor vehicles, power plants, residential wood burning, forest fires, agricultural burning, and some industrial processes” (AirNow, 2017) while PM10 is a measurement of larger “sources which include crushing or grinding operations and dust stirred up by vehicles on roads” (AirNow, 2017).
Salt Lake City, Provo and Logan rank consistently in the top ten U.S. Cities for the air pollution. Vehicle emission account for more than hal...
Imagine living in a smog, pollution free environment where the air was clean and skies were clear. Unfortunately, we do not have this luxury of that reality in the Central Valley. As many are aware, the Central Valley has a reputation of being one of the most polluted areas in California. With the air so polluted, it makes living in the Central Valley a little more difficult for everyone, whether it is realized or not. Although there are many reasons that cause the air to be polluted, the air in the Central Valley is polluted mainly because of the large manufacture infrastructures, semi/diesel trucks, fireplaces, and farming. Indeed, there are many reasons for air pollution, but let’s move on to the first reason.
The children and adults with existing medical conditions are susceptible to the adverse health effects after being exposed to high concentration of PM10 (Malborough District Council, n.d.). Besides that, there are also other researchers suggested that susceptible persons who experienced chronic lung disease, asthma or influenza are definitely sensitive to the effects of PM10 (US EPA, 2012).However, According to California Environmental Protection Agency, PM10 can reduce the body’s ability to fight infection besides of increase the severity of asthma attacks, cause bronchitis and other lung
Air Quality Meter . (2013, November 11). Retrieved from Baton Rouge Clean Air Coalition : http://www.brcleanair.com/localinfohealth/
New York City, itself, is the most populous city in the United States and with such a large number of people condensed into such a small area, the pollution is more concentrated. Pollution in the form of smog, photochemical smog, fine particulate matter, and ground level ozone is the outcome from human activity in the region (NYSDEC, 2015). The biggest problem caused by ground level smog and/or ozone is its effects on our lungs. It is especially detrimental when someone already has a respiratory illness, like allergies or asthma, which makes it an even larger struggle to breathe. Heating fuels also contribute greatly towards the area’s air pollution (Kheirbek, 2014). The primary the primary types of fuels used for heating are “liquid fuel oils and natural gas” (Kheirbek, 2014). Burning such fuels releases fine particulate matter, or PM2.5, into the air, which causes adverse health effects like, “increased air way inflammation, reduced lung function, and changes in heart rhythm and blood pressure” (Kheirbek, 2014). These symptoms lead to more hospital visits and even premature death (Kheirbek,
The EPA classified the Metropolitan Washington, D.C. region (including Alexandria) as a severe non-attainment area for the 1-hour ozone standard. Particulate matter that remains suspended in the air and consists of solid particles or liquid droplets. PM emissions include everything from carbon to dust. The greatest threat to public health are those particles small enough (PM2.5) to be inhaled into the deepest parts of the lung. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1448005/
Air Pollution in Mexico City Mexico City adds an estimated one million new residents each year, resulting in one million new additions to the city’s already abominable air quality (Collins, 119). Over the span of a generation, Mexico City’s air has gone from being one of the world’s cleanest to one of the world’s most polluted, as well as the most polluted in its country. The average visibility in the city is down from almost 100 km in the 1940s to only 1.5 km today, removing the once beautiful landscape of the surrounding snow-capped volcanoes (Yip, 1). More significantly, however, Mexico City’s air problems have resulted in a notable decrease in the health of its residents, particularly its children. There are a variety of reasons for the decline in air quality, including factory emissions, suspended particles, vehicles, as well as problematic geographic hindrances.
Regulations have helped tremendously however, there has been an issue with the coal burning plants that were exempted from the Clean Air Act laws because they were grandfathered in. Factory plants that were built before the 1970s were exempted from the new Clean Air Act standards because there was an expectation that since they were already old they would retire soon. Unfortunately, this was not the case and many of the plants grandfathered in are the ones continually polluting the air the most with its large amounts of acid rain to the atmosphere without being penalized. The acid rain is the result from sulfur dioxide and nitrogen emissions from fossil fuel burning plants. When these substances leave the earth they return as acid rain and harm water streams, national parks, and human health. Many people argue that these unregulated plants are large contributors to human health issues. “Within the power plant sector, these grandfathered plants generate 52 percent of the country's energy, yet produce 97 percent of the acid rain- and haze-causing sulfur dioxide, 85 percent of the ozone smog-causing nitrogen oxide and 99 percent of toxic mercury pollution from the utility sector”(Birdsong, 2000). After many years the federal government took action and implemented changes to the factories regulations grandfathered in by creating “The New Source Review” in where old factories were considered new sources if they expanded or modified their equipment (Save Clean Air Act, 2005). People believe that if grandfathered plants were ordered to follow the CCA standards as all other plants there would be a much more positive effect on air quality (Birdson, 2000).
One of the most dangerous environment issues Southern California is facing today is air pollution. This includes the burning of fossil fuels and natural disasters. Los Angeles is one of the most polluted cities in the world, and the most polluted city in the United States. I will research information about the causes, the effects, and the history of air pollution in the Los Angeles. For my research, I have relied mostly on, the school’s database and library, as well as current events.
All of these are potential sources of increasing pollutants in the atmosphere. Urbanization and population growth causes an increase in residential burning of fuel, industrial effluents along with vehicular emission also releases pollutants in the atmosphere. Year-long air quality study showed that the concentration of particulate matter (TSP) highest in the city Lahore. In this study, aerosols samples of PM2.5 and PM10 from January 27 to January 28 were collected every sixth day. Samplers (Medium Volume Air) namely, URG Corporation, North Carolina, URG-3000 and Chapel Hill were used for 24 hours with 32 and 161PM air flow rates. Particulate matter was collected on fiber filters of quartz and which was then analyzed through the process of burning. The experimentation was done on the building in the University of Engineering and technology, Lahore. It was observed that there is a significantly higher concentration of pollutant in the atmosphere of Lahore. Even the elements which are “trace” in nature and are thought to be in lower concentrations are also abnormally in high concentration in the atmosphere of Lahore. PM¬10 contains elements like Pb which is 1.3% and Zn which is 3.3%.EPA doesn’t give any air quality guidelines for air concentrations of metals like Zn whose maximum daily concentration increases 61µgm-3. However, WHO (World Health Organization) does give some
Over hanging smog is one of the major signs of air pollution in a city. Air pollution presence differ from city to another, air pollutant can be classified as well in terms of its visibility, visible or invisible, Despite of the different form, air pollution is a major contributor to global warming. Air pollution can be defined as "the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment into the atmosphere" (Air Pollution, 2010).
Ambient air pollution, made of high concentrations of small and fine particulate matter (PMs), is the greatest environmental risk
Air pollution is caused by many things such as car fumes, burning of fossil fuels,
Shown or hidden, indoors or outdoors, all around us, air pollution is becoming extremely dangerous. Doctor Thomas Scarborough, who specializes in allergies and immunology, claims that, “[t]he solutions fall into three main categories: controlling the source, ventilation, and air filtration” (1). As of today, the laws and regulations on air pollution not only affect humans, but multiple corporations seem to be suffering as well. Though corporations can suffer from these laws, they are still trying to find ways to improve the environment. In spite of the fact that air pollution laws are often helpful and may raise awareness, the benefits these laws have in the world are outweighed by the loss of profit companies are experiencing, the amount
Air pollution is a very large problem in bigger cities around the United States of America. In Los Angeles people are at the highest risk of death due to air pollution. Among the most populated areas of the country, Los Angeles had the highest estimated rate of deaths attributable to air pollution. (The Huffington Post 2014) New York City is another huge city that is highly polluted. The death rate due to air pollution is a little smaller in New York than Los Angeles but it is still a huge health risk in New York. Air pollution in New York City is a significant environmental threat which contributes to an estimated 6% of...