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Summary of "Resistance to Civil Government" by Henry David Thoreau
The contribution of Thoreau to American ideas
Thoreau's views
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Henry David Thoreau starts Civil Disobedience with “I heartily accept the motto— “That government is best which governs the least,” and I should like to see it acted up to more rapidly and systematically” (para. 1). The impression that I got when I read this first sentence is that he had some issues with how the government works. His statement, “That government is best which governs not at all,” somehow sent me an impression that he does not want a government when in fact he just does not want how the government is structured so he calls for its reformation. He explained how a few individuals get to use a standing government as a tool to grab land from Mexico during the Mexican War. I think what he is trying to convey about the government …show more content…
He justified this by arguing that majority rules not because they are right but because they are physically the strongest (para. 4). I think he makes a good point here because this situation is really prevalent anywhere in the world. Sometimes the majority only represents the physical strength and not the application of conscience. Most of the established government systems, and even simple voting procedures, follow the majority-wins scheme. This results to the minority to compromise and conform with whatever the majority has decided. I almost thought that that was the end of Thoreau’s argument about majority-minority division of the society but in paragraph 22, he finally set a hope that the minority can become powerful and this notion can change the game. “A minority is powerless while it conforms to the majority; it is not even a minority then; but it is irresistible when it clogs by its whole weight” (para. 22). This line is inspiring because he motivates the minority to actually stand up for what they believe is right. Being someone who usually conforms to what has been decided, even when it is against my will, I felt motivated to be more outspoken about what I think is …show more content…
I came to a point where I tried to disprove Thoreau’s claim that government is nothing but a tradition. I’ve got different answers when I looked it up. One article says that it is necessary to ensure the proper use of force (Landauer, Rowlands, “The Necessity of Government”). Bruce Walker in his article “The Purpose of Government” says that its (that is the government) purpose is to preserve liberty. Another article by Mark Funkhouser talks about the economic significance of a government. These three sources are enough for me to conclude that government is really just a tradition. It is supported by the established norms— including proper use of force, liberty, and economy— of a locality. The principles, the laws, and the ways in which people think dictates what a government really is; it takes nothing but tradition to build these things up and pass it from one generation to another until honest men— “the friction to the machine” as Thoreau calls them— finally take the courage to discontinue
Thoreau talks about the politics, power and civil disobedience in his works. He believed that when many thought alike, the power was stronger within that minority. I think that Thoreau's intention was to point out that those people who dare to go against what seems to be unjust and go against the majority, and stand erect, are the people who transform society as a whole.
It is also a big part of Divergent, because being Divergent is essentially being your own person, you are not able to conform to what the government wants. This to Thoreau would be a great thing, this can be seen when he says, “It has not the vitality and force of a single living man; for a single man can bend it to his will” (Thoreau 255). So Thoreau believes that a single living man has more vitality and force than the traditional government. This is also true in Divergent, because Beatrice fights her government in every movie, she fights and is independent despite the masses who have become accustom to the tradition of relying on the government. Thoreau also goes on to talk about not saying there shouldn 't be a government at all, but one that should be there and eventually fade off. This can be seen when he says, “I ask for, not at once no government, but at once a better government” (Thoreau 255). This quote is significant, because Beatrice also wished this was possible. Throughout the movie she tries to explain why being Divergent is okay, but is essentially “shot down” in regard to her claim. It is also significant for Thoreau because he is independent, but not forceful in asking the government to stop all at once. Thoreau and Beatrice would agree that they do not need a government, and can be self-reliant and would come to an agreement on individualism, but they also would not expect the government to go away entirely anytime soon. Thus they both proposed that the government change in some way or
In Henry Thoreau’s essay, Resistance to Civil Government, the harmless actions he takes to rebel against the government are considered acts of civil disobedience. He talks about how the government acts wrongful such as, slavery and the Mexican-American war. This writing persuades Nathaniel Heatwole, a twenty-year-old college student studying at Guildford College in Greensboro, North Carolina, to take matters into his own hands, by smuggling illegal items on multiple Southwest airplanes. The reason in that being, is to show the people that our nation is unsafe and dangerous. In doing this, he takes his rebellion one step too far, by not only jeopardizing his life, but as well as many other innocent lives.
Pathos is prevalent throughout Thoreau’s essay. He uses pathos in an attempt to persuade his readers into making a logical and ethical choice. The essay as a whole is an attempt to anger the reader into taking action against what Thoreau sees as an unjust government. When he refers to “the mass of men” who are in service to the country, the soldiers, as being the “same worth only as horse and dogs” and of serving “the state thus, not as men mainly, but as machines...
to provide for reform? Why is it not. minority?” It is these questions that support his purpose for change, he provides the audience with questions to elicit a calculated response that correlates with his beliefs. When Thoreau employs rhetorical questions, he applies several one after another.
Without any government intervention, the state would be in shambles with no regulations on food, drugs, or the workforce. As for government based on conscience, Thoreau’s argument falls flat when he fails to recognize that majority rule is the only fair rule. Thoreau needed to learn that when friction takes over a machine, the machine is to be fixed, not thrown away. Evidently, Henry David Thoreau’s argument against organized government in America is much too flawed to be
Thoreau believes that men should have the right to chose what kind of government they would like to be ruled by and that would gain their respect. Thoreau uses both tone and diction not only to explain and express his belief but also to teach us why it is important for every man to make the decision of their own kind of government. Thoreau says, " A standing army is only an arm of of the standing government." This quote is implying that all men are still part of the government whether they claim that they are not part of the government. However, Thoreau also
He didn 't believe that the world should stop work and live off the land, on the contrary, he believed, “The human dignity, wild life force and freedom were preserved within such a working process. Thoreau believed that labor was not only the activity that could bring material profits, but also a play which make man complete and developed simultaneously” (Ma 384). Thoreau 's work was experiencing nature and living transcendentally in order to share the quality of life that nature provides. We see Thoreau in many aspects of today 's society whether it 's Lisa from The Simpsons, a means of transportation, or political protests, they all follow a Thoreauvian idea of looking at the bigger picture and seeing what really matters. This way of thinking was created because one man decided that society was too mainstream and he moved off to the edge of town and reflected; people these days that do that are referred to as “hipsters” but the influence had to come from somewhere, and that was Henry David Thoreau. A closer reading of Thoreau 's works can put a new perspective on a common thing and provide a new outlook on life. Thoreau was not one to preach rather do something about it, not for the money or the fame but because of his “love of life— reverence for all the life in the
Thoreau was once sent to jail for refusing to pay his taxes and I support this episode of civil disobedience as justified. Thoreau did not pay his taxes because he objected the use of the revenue to finance the Mexican War and enforcement of slavery laws. He did not request for his money to be used for the enforcement of slavery laws, therefore felt he had the right to protest and act out civil disobedience. Paul Harris defines civil disobedience as "an illegal, public, nonviolent, conscientiously motivated act of protest, done by someone who accepts the legitimacy of the legal and political systems and who submits to arrest and punishment" (2). Before I supported his civil disobedience, I opted to see if it was justified.
The government are not listening. On “A Civil Disobedience describes on how the civilization was being corrupted by the fact that the community was being affected by the laws that the government did in order to see how the civilians will do. According to “A Civil Disobedience thoreau states that “government has made the mode which the people have no choice”. Thoreau mentions that the government made some changes that the people did not know about by following the laws. This appeals to the people credibility ethos because the government needed the credibility to the government for allowing the civilians to follow the rules. One example is in “A Civil Disobedience” describes “ government shows thus how sucessfully men can be opose for their own advantage like being the person that got used”. This connects to analogy because there is a comparisons between the government making the laws and the people doing so much to not obey the laws. On A Civil Disobedience”Thoreau mentions “the charactered inherited in american if someone would have done something if the government had not got in the way. Thoreau said that the government got in the way from someone who was about to try to change and only one man refused to pay the taxes and he has inspired everyone to do it. The author appeals to the person emotions because it has hurt the man feelings when the
Civil Disobedience occurs when an individual or group of people are in violation of the law rather than a refusal of the system as a whole. There is evidence of civil disobedience dating back to the era after Jesus was born. Jesus followers broke the laws that went against their faith. An example of this is in Acts 4:19-20,”God told the church to preach the gospel, so they defied orders to keep quiet about Jesus,” In my opinion civil disobedience will always be needed in the world. The ability to identify with yourself and knowing right from wrong helps to explain my opinion. Often in society when civil
Thoreau espouses that the democratic party listens to and answers the majority, which are the desires of the most powerful group. The problem with this is that the most virtuous or thoughtful group is left aside because the government only pays attention to what the strongest group says. A government functioning on this principle cannot be based on justice, because the ideas of what is right and wrong is decided by the majority, not by conscience. Thoreau writes, "Must the citizen ever for a moment, or in the least degree, resign his conscience to the legislator? Why has every man a conscience, then? I think we should be men first, and subjects afterward. (p.178 para. 4)" He claims that it is more important for people to develop a respect for the right, instead of having a respect for the law, for it is people’s duty to do what is right.
Thoreau has no experience to back up his claims. He was put in jail after he refused to pay a poll tax during the Mexican-American War. Thoreau believes the
In "Civil Disobedience," Thoreau criticizes the American government for its democratic nature, namely, the idea of majority ruling. Like earlier transcendentalists, such as Ralph Waldo Emerson, Thoreau believes in the importance of the individual. In a society where there are many individuals with conflicting perceptions and beliefs, Emerson chooses passivity and isolation to avoid conflict with others. However, unlike Emerson, Thoreau rejects passivity and challenges his readers to stand up against the government that focuses on majorities over individuals. Thoreau argues that when power is in the hands of the people, the majority rules, "not because they are most likely to be in the right, nor because this seems fairest to the minority, but because they are physically the strongest" (Thoreau 64). Thoreau portrays this very fundamental element of democracy, w...
If you want to protest laws that you feel are unfair or unreasonable there is a way you can do it in a nonviolent way. You could have a neighborhood meeting at a local community center. You can do this by passing out flyers to people’s homes and you can put them on peoples cars and on that flyer you could explain how the laws are unfair and unreasonable and that we should stand up for these unfair and unreasonable las that are being passed. I heartily accept the motto, "That government is best which governs least"; and I should like to see it acted up to more rapidly and systematically. Thoreau is saying that the government is not doing what they are supposed to do and he says this in a calm manner. He also says “That government is best which