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Sex differences in education
Height and weight and correlation
Height and weight and correlation
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The Relationship Between Height and Weight for the Pupils in a Secondary School
Introduction
============
For this investigation, I am going to use data on secondary school
pupils to find the distribution of the data and also to look for any
meaningful relationships between the heights and weights of the
students.
When I was looking at the various things that I could study, one of
the factors that I looked at was data collection.
The amount of data was large, spanning across different year groups. I
could have looked at the variation of weight and height with age and
with gender, but this would have made the project too long and
time-consuming. I therefore concentrated on looking at the
relationship between height and weight and comparing these for
different sexes in year 9 only.
Primary Data by Direct Observation
----------------------------------
This option would have given me the opportunity to write more about
the problems of data collection and about possible sources of bias and
problems in random sampling.
However, this method would have been very time-consuming and I may not
have been able to collect enough data to demonstrate my ability at
using a range of statistical techniques.
Secondary Data
--------------
When I was researching into possible sources of data, I was told that
data that had been collected about students at a secondary school was
available. When I looked at the data, I realised that there were
enough observations for me to be ale to carry out a meaning
investigation. In particular, the data was available in raw format. In
other words, I did not need to worry about the data having been
previously manipulated.
Hypotheses
==========
1. Distribution
---------------
1.a. The distribution of the heights and the weights will be
approximately normal
1.b. The spread of the girl's heights will be more than the boys'.
2. Comparative
--------------
2.a. On average, the boys will be heavier than the girls
My subject is a nine year old female. She attends the fourth grade which is average for her age. Her height is four feet three inches, and her weight is eighty-five pounds. According to www.disabled-world.com average height for a nine year old female is “47 inches” or three feet nine inches, and the average weight is “63.8 Ibs.” This would mean that she is above average in both weight and height. Being above average in weight does not necessarily mean that a person is obese, it just means they are above average in weight for the population, and in my subjects situation off by just a little. In terms of BMI(Body Mass Index) my subject scored 23, which is in the normal range. This means that my subject is considered healthy in terms of weight, and because of this has a lower chance of getting diseases like diabetes, high blood pressure,heart disease, and high cholesterol levels.
Our future begins with the children of today growing up to be the adults of tomorrow. “Childhood obesity is the condition of being overweight or severely overweight which causes risks to health between the age of 2 and 19” (“Childhood Obesity”). Childhood obesity is taking a huge toll on not only the physical standpoint of the child, but also their mental stability. Childhood obesity is no longer a concern with Americans; it’s now a problem that has spiraled out of control in the world. Obesity will never be resolved one hundred percent, but it’s the little impacts that concerned citizens bring to people’s attention that make the difference. One step in the right directions is better than not taking a step at all. Along with the many health issues associated with childhood obesity, there are three major effects that seem to stand out more around the world; the food we subject our bodies to, setting a pattern for the next generation(s), and it contributes to a child not reaching his or her full potential in life.
Obesity is not a disease. It is a condition where our body stores excessive fat and affects our health or well-being. Childhood obesity is a major cause for disease and health risks which may be lifelong. Childhood obesity is becoming a threat to society because of its prevalence. Obesity reduces life expectancy. Childhood obesity is an epidemic in the United States. The number of obese children has increased and doubled within two decades. (Helping your overweight child." Pamphlet by: National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, 1997, p. 2+.) The childhood obesity epidemic requires more prevention focused on the first five years of a child’s
Within the past three decades, the childhood obesity rate has increased three-hundred percent (Crouse par. 3). This also means that ten percent of children worldwide are overweight or obese (“Childhood Obesity” par. 33). According to the Centers for Disease Control being overweight is defined as, “having excess body weight for a particular height from fat, muscle, bone, water or a combination of these factors.” On the other hand, they define obesity as having excess body fat (“Child Obesity Facts” par.1). A child is determined as overweight or obese when total body weight is more than twenty-five percent in boys and thirty-two percent in girls (Green ??). Childhood obesity is not just something that influences someone’s life as an adolescent, it causes health risks including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, joint problems, diabetes, asthma, sleep apnea, liver disease, and gallstones (Torkos 42, Galea 62). A study of five to seventeen year olds showed that seventy percent of obese youth have a high risk of cardiovascular disease (“Child Obesity Facts” par. 2). These are diseases that we once associated with growing old, not growing up (Galea 62). Medical risks are not the only problems that childhood obesity can cause. Society has a strong bias against people or children who are overweight. People characterize them as ugly, lazy, and lacking willpower (Torkos 42). These stereotypes can cause an overweight child to have low self esteem which can lead to a much more serious problem, depression. The childhood obesity epidemic needs to be prevented, and the only way to do that is addressing the main causes. Childhood obesity has become a major problem in recent years due to lack of daily physical activity, inappropri...
Throughout my educational experience not once did I ever come to think about how much of a difference the size of class makes. As I sit here thinking about how much of a difference my education would have been if the class sizes were smaller. I remember sitting still in class as I observed my teacher pressing against her temples stressed out because her class of thirty-one wasn’t listening to the instructions. “Kids if you can just please listen to me and stop hiding so we can start class.” Mrs. Robles exclaimed. Not a day went by where she did not mention how big this class was and how many kids were crammed into her small classroom as she went over her material. Regardless of it being presented with such normality we are unaware of how much of a problem it has been. In fact, this has been a problem with over 40 states in America and they have all carried out a ruling that entails smaller classes for academic and disciplinary reasons. Throughout the following essay I
Who is at fault for childhood obesity? Is it the parents or is it the fault of health officials for providing lack of information? No matter who is at fault, childhood obesity is very real and needs to be addressed. It has reached epidemic proportions and has more than tripled in the past 30 years. Our children are at risk for a variety of health issues that are preventable. The estimated 9 million overweight children, including 4.5 million obese children, are at risk for type 2 diabetes, heart disease, cancer, asthma, and other pulmonary diseases, high cholesterol, elevated blood pressure, stroke, and other chronic illnesses (Weiting 545.) This growing epidemic of overweight and obese children as well as teenagers must be stopped. It is up to us as parents, family members, caregivers, and medical professionals to educate our children to exercise and eat right to prevent childhood obesity.
Distinguishing if a Relationship Exists or Can be Established between the Height and Weight of Students Ages 12-16
Today, it is no secret that America is overweight. Although we still remain the land of the free, we are looked at by the rest of the world as “the fat country”. This is a label that we are not proud of and each day more and more people are becoming aware of the new epidemic called Obesity. In the article “Childhood Obesity in New York City Elementary School Students”, the author Lorna E. Thorpe discusses the numbers and statistics of how many kids are really overweight. “ Findings from the most recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicate that in 1999-2000, the prevalence of obesity among children aged six through eleven years was 15 percent” (Thorpe et al. 2004). Previous surveys show that in 1960 the obesity rate was five percent, and in eleven percent in 1988-1994. From looking at the information in the surveys you can easily see that the obesity rates are climbing rapidly. With obesity, come many dangerous side effects, both short term and long term. Short term side effects of obesity are “adverse effects on growth, blood pressure, blood lipids, and glucose metabolism” (Thorpe et al. 2004). Long term effects consist of “greater risk of hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, gall bladder disease, and osteoarthritis” (Thorpe et al. 2004). Along with physical effects of obesity, a child will also experience many physiological effects also. “Negative self-image, decreased self-esteem, eating disorders, and lower health-related quality of life” (Thorpe et al. 2004) are all examples of the physiological side effects. These can have a severe impact on a child’s outlook on life as he or she gets older. Although these side effects are prevalent to childhood obesity, no child should have to go through the...
of 50 students (25 girls, 25 boys) from year 7. I have data from a
Young,E,Fors,S.(2001). Factors Related to the Eating Habits of Students in Grades 9-12. Journal of School Health, 71(10), 483-488.
Conformation of School Children . A. The article 'School bars over nose stud' presents two very different attitudes towards teenage rights. It describes a fourteen-year-old girl, Tara Le Santo, who pierced her nose with her father's support, and is now being suspended from school until she removes her stud. While Tara's father is quoted as 'making a stand against all this old fashioned crap', the article also features a letter, which expresses a much contrasting opinion that 'the time that a British headmaster concedes any 'rights' to fourteen-year-olds would be the time to emigrate.'
Childhood obesity is a serious epidemic on the rise in our American youth. Over the past
Childhood obesity is a widespread epidemic in the United States. The amount of overweight children is constantly growing and is going to continue to increase until changes are made. Fast food restaurants provide entertaining toys with every poor nutrition filled meal. Parents need to stop feeding children fattening foods and instead give them a healthier start in life. Playing on computers, cell phones, and video games are more entertaining to children than playing outside. A combination of these influences leads to childhood obesity, which comes with numerous negative effects. Children who are obese have a greater chance of developing serious illnesses such as type two diabetes, poor blood quality, heart disease, cancer, and many other health
In order to be able to compare girls and boys in each year, I will
b) Boys endure just as much pressure from the media to conform to society's expectations as girls do---what differs between the two is the type of pressure they face.