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Civil rights in the USA
The civil rights movement in the USA
The civil rights movement in the USA
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By the late 19th century segregation of black and whites had become an entrenched way of life in the south. In December 1960 another Supreme Court ruling declared segregated restrooms, restaurants, and waiting rooms for interstate bus, train and plane passengers unconstitutional. 5 months later that law would be severely tested by Freedom Riders. The Freedom rides were organized by James Farmer; director of The Congress of Racial Equality, or CORE, a civil rights organization rooted in philosophy of non-violence. Farmer, who was arrested with other Freedom Riders, launched the movement to draw attention to the lack of enforcement of recent civil rights court decisions and legislations. As Freedom Riders rode into the south, the campaign gained …show more content…
There has been many things that America is not proud of as a country, but one cannot truly say that every incident that happens in this country is not a part of our rich history; good or bad. Because of The Freedom Ride and all the violence and countless arrest it caused national attention. People all over the world were seeing all the horrific activities that was going on in the United States. Although, these events portray the American society in a very negative image, it would be wrong to say something positive did not come out of it. With all the country watching and news being spread throughout the nation, many, even hundreds of people; both white and black came together to become Freedom Riders. These rides gained the national attention from so many people coming from all over the United States causing them to get on busses from major cities down to Mississippi. They did not fear the violence, arrest, or even death. This is the positive image America portrays. People were fighting for what they believed in regardless of all the circumstances that stood in their way. People believed and were able to put their life down for the cause of integration within the American society. It goes to show how much progress we have made, how far we have come as a nation. It the circumstances that happened in Alabama or Mississippi hadn’t occurred it would be safe to say an important part of our history would be lost. Riders were willing to lay their lives on the line regardless of all the violence and bloodshed that occurred within these states. These states represent a stepping stone both blacks and whites had to take to make a better future. It was still many years before segregation ends completely, but the Freedom Riders had won a major battle in the war against
In 1865 4 million people were freed and let out on their own for the first time ever. They weren’t really sure what to do at this time but they had to find a way because they were now by themselves in a world that didn’t accept them. There were 3 Amendments made to the US Constitution that freed these slaves and put the African Americans in the country in such a bad situation. These Amendments and the actions by the president and his appointed boards were unsuccessful due to the racist laws and resistance against the American Reconstruction. Some of these laws include the Jim Crow Laws and some of these racist people congregated in a group called the Klu Klux Klan.
Black liberation was stalled once again in 1961 and 1962, as white savagery reared its head again and black people were forced to deal with the reality that success was not inevitable, yet. Still more "sit-ins", "shoe- ins" were led to combat segregation in public places which were met with violent responses from some white people. These responses ranged from burning down a bus with black people to assaulting black passengers on a train car in Anniston. These racist white people also targeted other white people who were deemed as sympathizers to black struggle or "nigger lovers". Police refused to arrest the white aggressors and in some cases also refused to protect the black people. The Freedom Rides resulted in both losses and gains in the civil rights movement. People came to the realization that justice will not be won through merely trying to persuade Southern whites with peaceful protest but only "when
The attention drew from both historical events highlighted the inequality present, between the black and white. It created an shadowing type of effect, which impacted on society. It influenced many black people to take a stand, especially those who had accepted this type of discriminating behaviour as an inevitable part of their day. The Freedom Rides were successful in their work due to their strategy. In this case, it was power, people power. Power creates change, whether it’s for the better, or worse. An example of this would be towards the end of the US Freedom Rides. Violence and arrests continued to amass national and international attention due to the media and newspaper coverage. This drew hundreds of more freedom riders to the cause. The US Freedom Ride had inspired many people to mirror their work, which added to the accumulation of the population fighting for rights and equality between races, specifically public transport in this
The focus of the video documentary "Ain't Scared of your Jails" is on the courage displayed by thousands of African-American people who joined the ranks of the civil rights movement and gave it new direction. In 1960, lunch counter sit-ins spread across the south. In 1961, Freedom Rides were running throughout the southern states. These rides consisted of African Americans switching places with white Americans on public transportation buses. The whites sat in the back and black people sat in the front of the public buses. Many freedom riders faced violence and defied death threats as they strived to stop segregation by participating in these rides. In interstate bus travel under the Mason-Dixon Line, the growing movement toward racial equality influenced the 1960 presidential campaign. Federal rights verses state rights became an issue.
... throughout the South and the free schools for African Americans movement. The freedom rides also inspired black people in the south that were kept in isolation and fear due to political and economic bondage. Additionally, these freedom rides forced the media to uncover the true depths of southern racism to America at a time when the American government was busy testing its Nuclear Weapons after the Cold War. After five months of this nonviolent protest by the Freedom Riders and Nashville Student Movement, the federal government finally gave up in front of these activists. On September 22, 1961; the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) ended the segregation in bus and rail stations eliminating the Jim Crow Law. The Congress of Racial Equality also became the most important active civil rights organization working for equal rights and justice for African Americans.
On May 4, 1961, the Freedom Riders left the safety of the integrated, northern city of Washington D.C. to embark on a daring journey throughout the segregated, southern United States (WGBH). This group of integrated white and black citizens rode together on buses through different towns to test the effectiveness of newly designed desegregation laws in bus terminals and areas surrounding them (Garry). Founded by the Congress of Racial Equality (Garry) , or CORE, the first two Freedom Ride buses included thirteen people as well as three journalists to record what would become imperative historical events in the Civil Rights Movement. This group of fifteen people would begin to emerge as an organization that would eventually reach 400 volunteers (WGBH). Those involved were mostly young, college students whose goal it was, as said by the CORE director James Farmer, to “…create a crisis so that the federal government would be compelled to enforce the law.” (Smith). But on their journey throughout these southern states, the Freedom Riders faced many challenges, threats, and dangers.
The event began when the Fellowship of Reconciliation founded the Congress of Racial Equality with the vision of a nonviolent, interracial civil rights organization in mind. Once the CORE expanded to 50 members, it engaged in discussion to end racial segregation. Over the next few years, CORE spread across the United States, battering down discriminatory barriers. The Freedom Rides were inspired by the Journey of Reconciliation -- an action taken by the members of CORE. Sixteen CORE members, black and white, challenged a 1946 Supreme Court ruling by travelling in interstate buses together to the South. Unfortunately, the Journey of Reconciliation did not receive as much
Although there were a lot of good outcomes that made the nation what we are, there were also bad ones. Following the Civil War and the slaves being freed, African Americans struggled immensely in order to get rights and not to get discriminated.
Nearly 200 years ago, after the signing of the Declaration of Independence, slavery was no longer allowed; but America was still segregated. Segregation in many public places continued especially in the South. At this time, segregation was legal. In 1892, the Supreme Court had ruled that a state could separate whites and blacks as long as the services were equal. On May 4, 1961, a diverse group of thirteen courageous individuals known as the Freedom Riders embarked on a bus journey into the South in order to challenge segregation in bus terminals.
The Freedom Rides took place in the early May, 1961 where two groups of students riding in integrated Greyhound buses would stop at rest stops and blacks would go into white only bathrooms and whites would go into black only bathrooms. These bus rides were supposed to start at Washington DC and go on straight through the Deep South. These students were trying to protest interstate segregation laws and put an end to them. The trip went smoothly at first, but later everything went south as one bus got burned and the people inside were beaten. The second bus was stopped not to long after and everyone onboard was beaten and put in a hospital. Neither bus made it to their destination but it did put an immense amount of attention on them as a multitude of people followed in their footsteps and over a hundred buses became dragged into a freedom ride. (A Time for Justice )This shows how much these students were willing to take as in being beaten without fighting back and it also shows the amount of dedication involved.
To wrap it up, African Americans lived an unfair past in the south, such as Alabama, during the 1930s because of discrimination and the misleading thoughts towards them. The Ku Klux Klan, Jim Crow Laws and the way they were generally treated in southern states all exemplify this merciless time period of the behavior towards them. They were not given the same respect, impression, and prospect as the rest of the citizens of America, and instead they were tortured. Therefore, one group should never be singled out and should be given the same first intuition as the rest of the people, and should never be judged by color, but instead by character.
When Afro-American’s came to America in hopes of having a better and easier way of life, and after they arrived it was a totally opposite of what they expected. The following are a couple events that took place in different locations for the fight for freedom and right. The first is Bloody Sunday; which took place in Selma, Alabama. This particular event was the march of black activists from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama. Thomas-Samuel (1996) stated that “In 1965, Alabama state troopers and local deputies stopped and clubbed black activists as they marched peacefully….” (para. 1). These people just wanted to make a point by marching from one city to another and they got beating just for it. Next is the fight for...
Millions of people all over the US were watching TV on a Sunday night when the television program was interrupted by African Americans being beat by clubs and tear gas being thrown. Six hundred people were attacked by police and state troopers and they were dressed in riot uniforms. ABC was showing a movie and then it was stopped and showed African Americans being hurt. Most people have never heard of Selma, Alabama but after March 7 no one would forget. ("National park service")
Many had lost loved ones from both sides; the death toll over six hundred thousand and the initial issues still remaining. Even with Lincoln passing the Emancipation proclamation and Congress following suit with bills freeing slaves, many southern states didn’t take action. Instead they continued to discriminate against the freed slaves. Many in the north only wanted slaves free simply to harm their owners businesses, but they were very clear they didn’t want the free slaves in the north either. This left many free slaves stuck in the southern states. “Republican politicians who defended emancipation did so with racist arguments. Far from encouraging southern blacks to move north, they claimed, the ending of slavery would lead to a mass migration of northern blacks to the south”. This highlights the continuing issues of racism and discrimination not just in the south but in the north as well. These are some key issues that started at America 's birth as a country, and grew into a bloody conflict, and continued throughout the reconstruction period. These are the ideas the reconstruction period sought to change, but the unwillingness of the people and ineptitude of the nation’s leaders unfortunately lead to the continuance of these ideas for many more years. A strong leader may have softened the blow and could have even smoothed things out for a nation in crisis, but that strong leader was assassinated
Diversity, we define this term today as one of our nation’s most dynamic characteristics in American history. The United States thrives through the means of diversity. However, diversity has not always been a positive component in America; in fact, it took many years for our nation to become accustomed to this broad variety of mixed cultures and social groups. One of the leading groups that were most commonly affected by this, were African American citizens, who were victimized because of their color and race. It wasn’t easy being an African American, back then they had to fight in order to achieve where they are today, from slavery and discrimination, there was a very slim chance of hope for freedom or even citizenship. This longing for hope began to shift around the 1950’s during the Civil Rights Movement, where discrimination still took place yet, it is the time when African Americans started to defend their rights and honor to become freemen like every other citizen of the United States. African Americans were beginning to gain recognition after the 14th Amendment was ratified in 1868, which declared all people born natural in the United States and included the slaves that were previously declared free. However, this didn’t prevent the people from disputing against the constitutional law, especially the people in the South who continued to retaliate against African Americans and the idea of integration in white schools. Integration in white schools played a major role in the battle for Civil Rights in the South, upon the coming of independence for all African American people in the United States after a series of tribulations and loss of hope.