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Literature and society
Literature and society
Literature and society
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In “The Lost Island” and in “The City of the End of Things”, the future is depicted as something detrimental to the society which each story represents. In Pauline Johnson's short story, which is called “The Lost Island”, this concept is manifested in the visions given by the Medicine Man, from the story which the tilicum tells. In Archibald Lampman's poem, which is called “The City of the End of Things”, this concept is expressed through the downfall of greater human society in favour of a colder, more “robotic” age.
Both of the texts rely upon the expectation that society, in both local and global communities, may undergo a harmful transformation in the future. Neither of the texts depicts an apocalyptic environment in the “present”, but rather, an expectation of what could be the future. Within Pauline Johnson's story, “The Lost Island”, the main character is telling a story from the history of his people, in which a medicine man foretold the societal oppression of his people. In Archibald Lampman's poem, “The City of the End of Things”, the narration depicts an environment that has advanced so much that it has actually fallen into an unlikable and even hellish state. Each of these texts achieves this level of depiction by calling upon their own respective narrative pasts. In the story of “The Lost Island”, the main character relies upon an old story from his people's history in order to explain their current lifestyle and the current ambitions of these people. In the poem “The City of the End of Things”, the narrator recalls the manner in which mankind existed before the rise of the technological era in order to drive home the impact of the current environment.
The story “The Lost Island”, which is written by Pauline J...
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... blanch him with its venomed air...” (Lampman 243-245). There are no human beings within the city, for they can not survive in it. Although the city is supposed to be the epitome of their civilization, something that they themselves have crafted, humans cannot exist within it. “Once there were multitudes of men, / That build that city in their pride, / Until its might was made, and then / They withered age by age and died...” (Lampman 243-245).
Works Cited
Johnson, Pauline. "The Lost Island." An Anthology of Canadian Literature in English. Ed. Donna Bennet and Ed. Russell Brown. Third Edition. Canada: Oxford University Press, 2010. 233-235. Print.
Lampman, Archibald. "The City of the End of Things." An Anthology of Canadian Literature in English. Ed. Donna Bennet and Ed. Russell Brown. Third Edition. Canada: Oxford University Press, 2010. 243-245. Print.
Meyer, Michael. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. Ed. 8th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2008. 2189.
France, Marie De. Lanval. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H.Abrams. New York: W.W.Norton & Company, Inc., 2000. 127-140.
Stephen Crane’s short story, “The Open Boat” speaks directly to Jack London’s own story, “To Build A Fire” in their applications of naturalism and views on humanity. Both writers are pessimistic in their views of humanity and are acutely aware of the natural world. The representations of their characters show humans who believe that they are strong and can ably survive, but these characters many times overestimate themselves which can lead to an understanding of their own mortality as they face down death.
Looking at James Hall's writings we learn that he is comedic with a very underlying theme of change. His poems all seem to circle around a very familiar thing that we are all familiar with. Change whether it is new or old or just realizing we have changed, is all the same. In his works "Maybe Dats Your Pwoblem Too," "White Trash," and "Preposterous" there are different kinds of change that are discussed.
Baym, Nina, and Robert S. Levine. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. 7th ed. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2007. 348-350. Print.
2nd ed. of the book. New York: St. James Press, 1995. Literature Resource Center -. Web.
There are no longer humans in this city, which is evident because when talking about the beings in the city Lampman wrote “They are not flesh, they are not bone,/ They see not with the human eye”(33-34). This part of the poem is important because if there are no more humans left it is easy to assume that the only driving force of these “Flit figures with clanking hands”(31) is work. They work to make the city bigger and to build more than they already have.
Lawall, Sarah N. The Norton Anthology of Western Literature. 8th ed. Vol. 1. New York: W.W. Norton, 2006. Print.
Evans, Robert C., Anne C. Little, and Barbara Wiedemann. Short Fiction: A Critical Companion. West Cornwall, CT: Locust Hill, 1997. 265-270.
The characters of both works face exile: the dreamer's friends have "gone hence from the delights of the world," the Cross is "taken from [its] stump," and the wanderer is "far from dear kinsmen" (Rood 20-1; Wanderer 69). This exile saddens all of the characters: the dreamer is "all afflicted with sorrows," the Cross is "sore afflicted with griefs," and the earth-walker is "wretched with care" (Rood 19-20; Wanderer 69). While the characters face similar desolation and melancholy, however, they differ greatly in their reactions.
Monkey Beach is a coming-of-age story framed by the search for Lisamarie Hill’s younger brother, Jimmy, who has disappeared during a fishing trip near the coast of Prince Rupert. While the family waits for news, the protagonist, Lisamarie, is sinking into memories of her childhood and adolescence that are interwoven with the present. Thereby, she reveals her life in the Haisla community of Kitamaat in British Columbia, trying to define her own identity within the context of traditional Haisla and modern Euro-Canadian culture.
...t, Stephen, gen. ed. “Paradise Lost.” The Norton Anthology of English Literature. 9th ed. Vol. 1. New York: Norton, 2012. Print. 36-39.
The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Sixth Edition Volume1. Ed. M.H.Abrams. New York: W.W.Norton and Company, Inc., 1993.
...y main weakness is that I am rather unsure when it comes to referencing. I either want to quote chapter and verse, which uses up too much of the word count, or skimp, which is economical on words but may not fulfil academic requirements. I do not seem to be able to find a happy medium.
Klinkowitz, Jerome and Patricia B Wallace. The Norton Anthology of Americal Literature. Seventh. Vol. Volume D. New York City: Norton, 2007, 2003, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985, 1979. 5 vols.