Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Critical evaluation of piaget theory
Critical evaluation of piaget theory
Critical evaluation of piaget theory
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Critical evaluation of piaget theory
Introduction Piaget 's theory of psychology is the core of "genetic epistemology." The main study of human cognition (cognitive, intellectual, mental, psychological occurrence and structure).He believed that human knowledge, no matter how profound, and complex; it always can be traced back to the era of people 's childhood. It can even be traced back to the embryonic period. After the child is born, the study will focus on understanding how the formation of intellectual thinking is developed, how it is subject to the constraints of certain factors, its internal structure, the variety of intelligence and thinking how different levels of the structure has appeared. This essay will study the mental development during childhood, introduce the …show more content…
Younger children not stupid they just completely thinking in different ways, there are four step-wise sequence of mental development during childhood. The sensorimotor stage , from birth to age 2 ,feeling and action by the individual .Understanding of the world. Reflection exercise period (0-1 months) in this time the baby will give the response for any exciting such as moving head looking nipple and so on. after that baby shows initial reaction cycle appears, they have some habit n the development process of this period, the Piaget also proposed the concept of "circular reaction". The baby start to learn how to make voice and hold with all the objects they can see, try to cantle touch and vision , Conserved object concept began to appear at this stage. Baby began to understand the relationship between target, for example if the parents take the toy alway from baby. the baby may shack the parents hand to express the needs. In 12-18 mouths the baby try to create new formats , for example put the toy on other side of bed, baby will try to get it ,but it too far to get it, the result of this case is baby found pull the sheet can help shorten the distance. The final stage of sensorimotor is judgment, baby can know something with out of touch and
clearly. Therefore, much about what experts know about mental and cognitive development is based on the careful observation of developmental theorists and their theories, such as Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which we discussed.
No single development theory satisfactorily explains behavior; however, a more comprehensive picture of child development emerges when Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development is integrated with Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development identifies four stages of development associated with age (Huitt & Hummel, 2003). Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs “posited a hierarchy of human needs based on two groupings: deficiency needs and growth needs” (Huitt, 2007). Comparatively, both theories argue that humans need a series of environmental and psychological support to meet our needs. Integrated, these two theories together enable teachers to understand which stage of development students are at and to create teaching
In the first stage, sensorimotor, the child starts to build an understanding of its world by synchronising sensory encounters with physical actions. They become capable of symbolic thought and start to achieve object permanence.
Piaget’s theory of cognitive development helps us to understand the developmental stages of a child. Development from one stage to the next is dependent upon the child's understanding of the environment in that particular stage. He believes that children’s thinking doesn’t come all at once but instead at different points. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is categorized in two different stages during the first four months of life. In Stage 1 the newborn’s behavior is reflexive. Infants quickly start to change their behavior from passive reactions to active. Each of the senses operates by themselves. During Stage 2 infants begin to coordinate their senses. They begin to develop hand-mouth coordination, eye coordination, and eye-ear coordination. One behavior can stimulate another. Infants use and refine all their senses which are seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, and touching, to build physical knowledge about objects, the world, and their place in it. When in the hands of a caregiver, they can use several strategies to enhance the cognitive development. They should provide an environment that commands attention during infants period of alertness by having visually attractive crib, walls next to crib, and occasional music. They should also provide non restricting clothes, uncluttered crib,
The Critique of Piaget's Theories Jean Piaget (1896 – 1980) was a constructivist theorist. He saw children as constructing their own world, playing an active part in their own development. Piaget’s insight opened up a new window into the inner working of the mind and as a result he carried out some remarkable studies on children that had a powerful influence on theories of child thought. This essay is going to explain the main features and principles of the Piagetian theory and then provide criticism against this theory. Cognitive development refers to way in which a person’s style of thinking changes with age.
The Sensorimotor stage – this stage occurs when the child is born till when he/she is two years old.
it. For example when we put an object such as a cup down on a table
Piaget referred to his theory as genetic epistemology. This is defined as the study of the acquisition, modification, and growth of abstract ideas and the abilities as on the basis of an inherited or biological substrate, an intelligent functioning that makes the growth of abstract thought possible.(Ginsburg 5) Piaget derived his theories from directly observing children and by questioning them about their thinking. He was less interested in whether the children answered correctly than how they arrived at their answers. Piaget viewed intelligence as an extension of biological adaptation that has a logical structure. One of the central points of his theories was that of epigenesis. This is that growth and development occur in a series of stages, each of which is built on the successful mastery of the previous stage.(Furth 33)
Cognitive theory has been largely influenced by the work of Jean Piaget. Piaget's theory of cognitive development has shaped the way people understand the behavior and learning of children. His theory produced the idea that children progress through stages of cognitive development. This idea is used to predict what a child can or cannot understand, their thought processes, as well as what behavior can be expected of them depending on their stage of development. Piaget identified four stages of cognitive development which include: the sensorimotor stage, the pre-operational stage, the concrete operational stage, and the formal operational stage. Within these stages children gain knowledge through assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation happens when a child incorporates new information in to what they already know (schema). When the mental processes of children begin to change they form a new schema, this is called accommodation (Shepherd, 2010). Piaget’s major contribution to child psychology was the understanding that children learn through experience.
A central theory of cognitive development was proposed by a Swiss psychologist named Jean Piaget who lived from 1896 – 1980. Piaget was a biologist, philosopher, logician and sociologist, who advanced the knowledge of human beings in their relations to the material and social world (Gainotti, 1997). Piaget’s theories have reoriented current conceptions of the child’s development. Siegler & Ellis (1996) point out that is impossible to understand the field of developmental psychology without understanding Piaget’s ideas and findings. Before Piaget’s work, the common assumption in psychology was that children are merely less competent thinkers than adults (Siegler & Ellis, 1996). Piaget showed that young children think in different ways compared to adults.
One hundred years ago, Jean Piaget (1896-1980) was a young man developing new insights about learning. He was one of a handful of constructivist-minded writers and educational theorists of the time. Learning theories open educators up to new ideas. They are necessary to expand our knowledge of how learning works. Piaget’s work is a well-tested and educators around the world should be aware of Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive development in particular because it will improve the quality of their teaching. Once a teacher knows this theory, they can plan lessons appropriate to their students’ cognitive ability and build upon students’ earlier knowledge in a constructivist way.
During this stage Piaget believed that infants only make sense of the world around them by; touching, tasting, smelling hearing and seeing (Sims & Hutchins, 2011). Using these senses, they begin to learn from their interactions with the world around them. They are not yet capable of symbolic thought (Westman, Costello, & M.S, 2011). In the beginning of the sensorimotor stage a very young infants behaviour is based on reflexes, such as sucking, rooting and grasping. Once they develop more motor control they then start to repeat movements such as; sucking their fingers and kicking their legs, for the sake of doing so.
I fulfilled your goals in taking this class because I have learned many valuable knowledge such as theories of cognitive development, the development of measured intelligence, and the development of moral understanding. In addition, I learned about different techniques to teach with the brain in mind, and I also had better understanding in how the brain functions help me to understand better about myself and the children. Then, I am going to use my knowledge about cognitive development and how the brain’s works to support the children in their learning. Moreover, I had many opportunities to improve my writing and speaking in English while working actively on four types of learning activities such as discussions, journals, reading reflections, and written assignments.
Another theorist that can explain Molly’s developmental stage is Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory. Based on her age, Piaget would consider Molly to be in the concrete operations stage, but I would consider her to be in the formal operations stage. While we were playing the game Connect 4, Molly would talk aloud about how if she were to put her piece in one spot then I would be able to put my piece in another spot and win. She was using hypothetical-deductive reasoning to strategize what her next move would be. This kind of abstract thought is not considered to be a part of concrete operations, which is why I believe she has moved on from this stage of her life. Molly shows signs of adolescent egocentrism. From talking to Molly during our time together, she sounded like it would not be possible for me to understand what exactly she is going through in her life. This goes along with the idea of personal fable, which is a portion of adolescent
“Genetics is the scientific study of where things come from (their origins). Epistemology is concerned with the basic categories of thinking, that is to say, the framework or structural properties of intelligence.” Through this study, Piaget was able to further his understanding of the stages of cognitive development as he studied the thought processes of the children he worked with. Piaget believed that people have the ability to come to their own understanding of the world and sense of reality, and that people are born with intelligence that is capable of adapting to whatever environments people find themselves in. Through Piaget’s theory of infants’ cognitive development, he includes their adaption to the environment which furthers the point of the importance of the family.