Devin Johnson
CCJS 380 7980 Ethical Behavior in Criminal Justice (2162)
Case Study
May 5, 2016
The Parole Board
The chair of the parole board Robert has the responsibility of calculating the risk associated ensuring the inmates released back into society are not reoffenders. The first element that Robert has to take into consideration is the overcrowding of the prisons. The external forces of the court system is looking for the correctional units to expand or increase the mandates that the parole uses to release inmates. There is controversy surrounded in this case where the advocates are making demands for the expansion of the parole eligibility to release more inmates than expected.
Robert along with hi board identified that the mission
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of the advocates may be accompanied with some negative actions. These actions are likely to void the purpose of the parole board in the correctional department. It is well known that some of the inmates who are released back into society are capable of being a reoffender. The reduction of the policies is one unintentional way of dealing with the policies (Fine, Torre, Boudin, Bowen, Clark, Hylton & Rosemarie, 2004). Robert’s concerns are connected with the fact that the restricted standards in the risk assessment is being altered. The governor has also made proposals that the parole board need to make a swift release of inmates in order to ease the overcrowding. Robert is held liable for the actions that he takes when it comes to the decisions that the parole board makes when it comes to increasing the number of inmates released.
There are wo areas that Robert can take action in. The first area a motivating factor is influenced by the outside bodies associated with the federal justice system. Robert is only an actor in this case, it is likely that the chair of the parole board may insist on letting the federal lawsuit take action as he maintains the credibility of the parole board. From an ethical point of view, the governor proposed to renounce the mandate of the parole board in the risk assessment procedure. That is with regards to the process of selecting the most feasible inmates that can be released into society. That mesas that he will pave the way for ethical practices to take place. In this tie of scenario, the chair has the mandate to suggest alternate options in guaranteeing that the planned modifications in the required policies of allowing inmates to be released into …show more content…
society. The best answer to the governor’s solution should consider both effect on the situation. First, the chair should keep in mind the likelihood of the prisons or more inmates meeting the requirements of being release on parole. Arguments that lawsuits may be associated do not have an impact on the provisions in which the parole board operates (Fine, Torre, Boudin, Bowen, Clark, Hylton & Rosemarie, 2004). On the other hand, it is the obligation of Robert to respond with accuracy and ethical decisions. It is not suitable for him to operate on the possibilities and threats given to him by some influential person. The governor has to understand that the parole board has it mandates. It is, therefore, suitable for him to understand the parole board can only operate within the required mandates. This means the parole board does not endorse the release of inmates who are deemed risky to society. The risk assessment, portrays that the prole board gives the final judgement that is based on ensuring that career criminals are not retained. The federal suit is at the discretion of making a legislative mistake. Another alternate method of dealing with the overcrowding is to build new correctional facilities. The Warden There are several ethical issues that are following the recent changes in the financial provisions and work conditions. The financial support to William with the respect to the management of the correctional facility operations has been severely cut. Correctional employees getting paid overtime has been abolished. The decrease of the funds also means that the correctional facility dies not have enough funds for compensation or even increase the number of employees. The correctional facility problematic issue is the increase in inmates. The increased number of inmates within the correctional facilities calls for more staff and correctional officers to be hired. Also, it means that the procedure of supervising the staff and inmates becomes harder. The moral dilemmas chosen, in this case, are associated with poor staffing and the circumstances surrounding it. The workers are denied the right wages associated with working overtime. It is likely that the workers are overworked in poor working environments. The law dictates that workers are only exposed to overtime work only if they are paid the proper wages associated with the responsibility. The issue worsens when the physical safety of the employees is threaten. All of these issues are related to the staffing problem. The wardens lack of a risk assessment that can help during the transiting inmates into the community based work is not helping the situation. Some employees tend to shoulder medical issues while others fail to show up for work. The warden has no choice, but to reduce the number of inmates within the facility. The warden is also faced with the increasing number of inmates in his facility. There are two extreme options that the situation causes. The first factor is that of the reduced resources and benefits for the staff in the facility. The other factor is ensuring the security of the employees, community, and inmates. The problem of reduced benefits is a breach of the initial terms of what the employees agreed to work for. This is the reason some employees choose to resign under the frustrations of the working conditions that cannot be provided. The problem becomes worse because of the high turnover rate compared to the moment when the employee incentives were still place. These choices are based on the warden’s hardship in maintaining the facility among a budget that is not adequate. The actor could assume that the best approach is to pave the way for the willing employees to leave due to frustration. The actor may assume that the facility paves the way for a number of inmates to be released into the community service program, which means some inmates may be reduced even though they are above the acceptable risk level. On the other hand, the warden may decide to work on a plan that will ensure the safety of the staff. The correctional facility is the responsibility of William, who is the warden. The choices that he makes should be surrounded with an extreme reliable justification. The inmates must be well managed. The employee’s security brings the union representative to get involved. The impression about the problem of demand is that it is very difficult to achieve it in a short span because the finances are limited to support these projects (Pollock, 2013). Williams answer to the problem is extremely complex. The first angle is instilling a risk assessment plan that will reduce the likelihood of sending high risk inmates into the community. That will give a clear results of the inmates left in the facility as compared to the ones that transition into the community. The officers are guaranteed security in such case after the reduction of the number of inmates in correctional facilities. The warden has one challenge the retention of employees. The inmates can be used in order to ern resources that can be used as incentives for officers. The District Attorney Martha’s initial aim has been reducing the number of unnecessary incarceration of the citizens.
That means that there has to be a reduction in the number of arrest made on felons no matter the nature of the crime. Martha’s fear become reality after the mayor issues an order for agencies to arrest and prosecute drug dealers in the community. The number of inmates going to become high within a short period of time. One of the most ethical issues that should be observed is that of the superior giving and participating in the directive that one does not support. (Pollock, 2013). The circumstance that the mayor directs officers to decrease the degree of the manhunt is a win for Martha’s alternative provisions. The moral situation is that Martha intends to seek clear-headedness in the process of ensuring that the other substitute is
productive. There are two strong motives that will either benefit or cause an altercation with the police. The first factor is rampant in the scenario where Martha is trying to fight the initial arrest of too many unnecessary citizens, because the inmate population is overcrowded. Negotiating with the officers could result in an open fire. She has to ensure that the mayor believes that Martha is part of the party that is locking down on drugs and arresting the offenders. The motivator holds this power since there is a hidden plan imbedded from within to help in accessing the vital criminals and release the common criminals whose records do not go beyond possessing. The other factor is that case already filed have to go through prosecution. Martha hide her support for the plan while the most important mission is met with major security information. The encrypted information can be used by the courts and prosecution while a criminal case I pursued. The degree to which the Martha twit the case leaves the case set up for failure. The approach includes the three approaches including pleas, trial, or even dismissal. Martha has the ability to provide the most ethical solution to the issue of decreasing inmates. She has to watch how she approaches it to avoid distorting the relationship between her roles and the security docket. It is possible for her to make room for the officers and the mayor in tracking down the drug dealers in the community and bring them to justice. On the other hand, she has to reach the next level that can determine whether they are sent to prison. She should support arguments about unnecessary imprisonment is leading to the overcrowding of correctional facilities. This will cause collateral trouble that the government is not in a position to fix at the moment. The basis behind this choice revolves around the argument that imprisonment of all the drug dealers cannot fix the issue of drug trafficking. The alienation of the compressed cases in the court is what’s best in this case.
When envisioning a prison, one often conceptualizes a grisly scene of hardened rapists and murderers wandering aimlessly down the darkened halls of Alcatraz, as opposed to a pleasant facility catering to the needs of troubled souls. Prisons have long been a source of punishment for inmates in America and the debate continues as to whether or not an overhaul of the US prison system should occur. Such an overhaul would readjust the focuses of prison to rehabilitation and incarceration of inmates instead of the current focuses of punishment and incarceration. Altering the goal of the entire state and federal prison system for the purpose of rehabilitation is an unrealistic objective, however. Rehabilitation should not be the main purpose of prison because there are outlying factors that negatively affect the success of rehabilitation programs and such programs would be too costly for prisons currently struggling to accommodate additional inmate needs.
Conclusion: Congress hoped to achieve a greater degree of accuracy in assessing flight and danger of arrestees through establishing the Bail Reform Act of 1984, which set objective guidelines for judicial officers in assessing release conditions including taking into account for the first time the probability an offender will re-offend while on pretrial release. It was also hoped that the Act would bring back the community's trust in bond setting practice. Overall, the benefits of the Bail Reform Act of 1984 do exceed any detriments, but some problems do exist. These problems include the uniformity in the application of the Bail Reform Act of 1984, as well as the interpretation of dangerousness to the community. Through future legislative and executive reform, this Act will go through multiple changes until these issues are addressed.
Fear and confusion plays a huge part in the criminal justice system because of the huge number of cases and facilities unable to handle them. The building is condemned and they have new judge had begun his position as the new supervising judge. His name is Roosevelt Dorn. Beckstrand is excited to be working on Duncan's. His case is a well known infamous one and Beckstrand almost hated the kid. Offenders in this case are used to a substantial number of setbacks in the system and and finding her main witness is becoming trouble for Beckstrand. Ronald, along with the other young delinquents, doesn't seem to care about anything.
Prison litigation is a form of lawsuit process with which prisoners seek relief from prison. The Prison litigation Reform Act clearly outlines an increase in the litigation of prison cases that was enacted in 1996. Through such litigations, inmates are able to fight for their rights and fair treatment in prison. For instance among the prison ligations, we have prospective relieve where one can file a lawsuit to request the prison to change some of their policies to let one for example pray amongst groups. Exhaustion of remedies for administration also allows for one to articulate grievances against the prison official before suing them. Emotional or mental injuries are among other issues of prison litigation addressed in this prison litigation
Convicts rarely serve their entire sentences in prison (Ross and Richards, 146). To alleviate the costs of imprisonment on taxpayers and lessen the staggering populations of prisons across America, it is simply prudent to let inmates out on parole. Unfortunately, the parole system is imperfect and often leads to many ex-convicts recidivating. With the various trials and challenges that ex-convicts are bound to face when rejoining society after prison, Ross and Richards provide valuable lessons in their book of how a convict might survive beyond bars.
Prisons and correctional facilities in the United States have changed from rehabilitating people to housing inmates and creating breeding grounds for more violence. Many local, state, and federal prisons and correctional facilities are becoming more and more overcrowded each year. If the Department of Corrections (DOC) wants to stop having repeat offenders and decrease the volume of inmates entering the criminal justice system, current regulations and programs need to undergo alteration. Actions pushed by attorneys and judges, in conjunction current prison life (including solitary confinement), have intertwined to result in mass incarceration. However, prisoner reentry programs haven’t fully impacted positively to help the inmate assimilate back into society. These alterations can help save the Department of Corrections (DOC) money, decrease the inmate population, and most of all, help rehabilitate them. After inmates are charged with a crime, they go through the judicial system (Due Process) and meet with the prosecutor to discuss sentencing.
The proliferation of prison overcrowding has been a rising concern for the U.S. The growing prison population poses considerable health and safety risks to prison staffs and employees, as well as to inmates themselves. The risks will continue to increase if no immediate actions are taken. Whereas fighting proliferation is fundamentally the duty of the U.S. government, prison overcrowding has exposed that the U.S. government will need to take measures to combat the flaws in the prison and criminal justice system. Restructuring the government to combat the danger of prison overcrowding, specifically in California, thus requires reforms that reestablishes the penal codes, increases the state’s budget, and develops opportunities for paroles to prevent their return to prison. The following context will examine and discuss the different approaches to reduce the population of state prisons in California in order to avoid prison overcrowding.
Before a prisoner can be released on parole he/she must meet before a parole board. Each prison with a parole system is set up with one of two types of parole services. Service one is the independent model. Like its name says it is independent, independent from any other state agency. Meaning that it’s parole officers do not work for the corrections system. This enables them to be more bias and fair with their decisions. Service two is the consolidated model. This model is ran by the corrections system and is under the direction of the commissioner of corrections. The consolidated model does not give its members the ability to be bias. They have to bite their tongues in some instances as to not ruffle the feathers of those appointed over them. No matter which model is in place if not used correctly it is a failure. In most states the members of the parole board are appointed by the governor and serve a term of...
In prisons today, rehabilitation, deterrence, incapacitation, and retribution are all elements that provide a justice to society. Prisons effectively do their part in seeing that one if not more of these elements are met and successfully done. If it were not for these elements, than what would a prison be good for? It is highly debated upon whether or not these elements are done properly. It is a fact that these are and a fact that throughout the remainder of time these will be a successful part of prison life.
Throughout the country there are approximately 2 million inmates in state, federal and private prisons. California has the highest incarceration. So what will we do to reduce this rate? This is where society looks into rehabilitation for these inmates, hoping to free some space within the prison systems. The advantage and disadvantage of rehabilitation in the community compare to incarceration.
The “Tough on Crime” and “War on Drugs” policies of the 1970s – 1980s have caused an over populated prison system where incarceration is policy and assistance for prevention was placed on the back burner. As of 2005, a little fewer than 2,000 prisoners are being released every day. These individuals have not gone through treatment or been properly assisted in reentering society. This has caused individuals to reenter the prison system after only a year of being release and this problem will not go away, but will get worst if current thinking does not change. This change must be bigger than putting in place some under funded programs that do not provide support. As the current cost of incarceration is around $30,000 a year per inmate, change to the system/procedure must prevent recidivism and the current problem of over-crowed prisons.
...niors who brought us into this generation. We deserve to be protected as much as any other human race. Our tax dollars spent on housing inmates are a lot cheaper for us to pay when one considers the cost of irreparable pain and suffering, of a victim who falls prey to a parolee who had no intention of reversing his or her former lifestyle and recommitted their life to crime. One cannot put a price tag on scarred lives. It would be worth every penny to keep these criminals behind bars until they have completed their full sentences, if it meant even saving one innocent life, or sparing someone an unforgettable damaging experience. In conclusion, parole serves to benefit the inmate who is seeking his or her freedom, while society seldomly benefits from progress or efforts implemented by parolees in the community. We must understand that parole is a privilege, not a right. We must take into consideration that if almost half of the population that is released on parole returns to prison; parole is not working and should be abolished. Law abiding citizens have earned their right to freedom, and criminals have earned their right to confinement, and should remain that way, as sentenced.
With the substantial increase in prison population and various changes that plague correctional institutions, government agencies are finding that what was once considered a difficult task to provide educational programs, inmate security and rehabilitation programs are now impossible to accomplish. From state to state, each correctional organization is coupled with financial problems that have depleted the resources to assist in providing the quality of care in which the judicial system demands from these state and federal prisons. Judges, victims, and prosecuting attorneys entrust that once an offender is turned over to the correctional system, that the offender will receive the punishment imposed by the court, be given services that aid in the rehabilitation of those offenders that one day will be released back into society, and to act as a deterrent to other criminals contemplating criminal acts that could result in their incarceration. Has our nation’s correctional system finally reached it’s critical collapse, and as a result placed American citizens in harm’s way to what could result in a plethora of early releases of inmates to reduce the large prison populations in which independent facilities are no longer able to manage? Could these problems ultimately result in a drastic increase in person and property crimes in which even our own law enforcement is ineffective in controlling these colossal increases in crime against society?
Prison was designed to house and isolate criminals away from the society in order for our society and the people within it to function without the fears of the outlaws. The purpose of prison is to deter and prevent people from committing a crime using the ideas of incarceration by taking away freedom and liberty from those individuals committed of crimes. Prisons in America are run either by the federal, states or even private contractors. There are many challenges and issues that our correctional system is facing today due to the nature of prisons being the place to house various types of criminals. In this paper, I will address and identify three major issues that I believe our correctional system is facing today using my own ideas along with the researches from three reputable outside academic sources.
According to National Corrections Reporting Program in 2009 based on 24 states, there were 3,75,576 inmates, who involved with 9.6% of state prison population, were served with life sentence (Bureau of Justice Statistics, n.d.). In 3,75,576 inmates, 63,759 were life sentences and 11,817 were life without given parole or life added for additional years and this can equivalent to life without parole (cited in Fellen, 2012). Therefore, it is difficult for inmates who served life sentence to be discharged on parole due to parole boards and governors was greatly influenced by public judgement and the wish to prevent a political backlash from the discharged of someone convicted, such as notorious violent crime (Liptak, 2005). Regardless to how regardful or rehabilitated violent inmates are or how good their prison record are, parole boards may need them to stay in prison for many years that past their parole qualified date (Weisberg, Mukamal & Segall, 2011). Under some circumstance, parole boars may directly never approve to parole, and even if the parole boards do, their judgement may be opposed by governors (Weisberg, Mukamal & Segall, 2011). According to a study taken in California about parole decision making showed that only 6% chances for lifers who committed murder being permit parole by parole board and the decision was not opposed by the governors (Weisberg, Mukamal & Segall, 2011). Thus, the number of inmates that being life sentences as well as life without parole was very high which can have eventually increased the number and become the fastest group of older prisoners