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The Orgins of Atomic Theory There is an eternal human compulsion to unlock the mysteries of our lives and our world. This search for knowledge has guided us to many beneficial new understandings. It has lead us into this new age where information is its own reward, an age where enlightenment is an end, not simply a means to an end. Enlightenment has been the aim of many great people. It has inspired many scientists and artists to construct articles of infinite beauty and value. At times this quest for understanding has been embraced by entire civilizations, and when an entire society commits to one noble cause only good can come from it. In Ancient Greece there was such a civilization, and even today we use their theories to initiate our scientific and artistic endeavors. All western thought can find its roots in the philosophy and science of the Greeks, even the way we see the world is influenced by the ideologies of Ancient Greece. The Greeks were the first to seek a greater understanding of the world, to know "why" we are not just "what" we are. The Greeks invented science and explored it in its truest form, philosophy. Through the years we have developed tools that we hope can prove or disprove various hypothesizes, to further our understanding of any number of things. We divide science into categories and then sub-divide it even farther, until we can hide the connections and pretend that they really are separate. The difference between psychology and physics is not as extreme as one would believe if they were to read their definitions. Though the means are different the goal is the same for all science: to increase our understanding of our earthly domain, and to improve ourselves. The Greeks created this guiding principle more than two thousand years ago. Greek atomic theory was not the work of a single person, in fact it was a product of many great minds. There were many fundamental ideas that formed the basis for their theory on the make up of the universe. One-hundred and forty years before Socrates there was a lesser-known scholar named Thales, and he was the Father of Philosophy. Thales was from a part of Greece called Miletus, and it was for his skill as an engineer, not as a philosopher, that he was recognized during his life. Before his time, the Greeks had no clear concept of matter, and did not use science to broaden their understanding of the universe. Because of the focus on the practical that was prevalent during that time, it was not until years later that
... middle of paper ... ... We can trace the origins of modern scientific trends back to Greek primal establishment. From the simplistic Socratic approach of ‘Who am I?’
Marquis de Condorcet’s Future Progress of the Human Mind depicts knowledge as being something that human beings want to achieve. To attain more knowledge on a specific thing, the information must be available through more universal education along with subjects being easier to classify. When the knowledge is available and simpler for humans, they will want to learn. Through people wanting to learn more things, new information will want to be discovered and in conclusion, be a happier place. Knowledge, in Condorcet’s eyes, is the key to happiness because it allows people to focus on life rather than surviving.
13 Dec. 2004. Gay, Peter. The Enlightenment: An Interpretation. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1996. Kreis, Steven.
Niles, Patricia. “The Enlightenment.” Novaonline. Niles and C.T. Evans, 7 May 2011. Web. 13 Feb. 2012. .
This also parallels the way that society functions at times, where it is perceived that the need of the many outweighs the needs of the few or of the one. While this is sometimes correct, it can often be a road leading to disaster, especially if lives are thrown away or ignored for the sake of a fool's venture.
In the 18th century, scientists were strongly influenced by theories. In 350 B.C., Aristotle believed that everything was made from fire, earth, air and water. There later was a Greek physician named Galen. He practiced about 500 years after Aristotle. Galen believed that the body had four elements which he called humors. The four humors were: blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile. When all four elements were balanced, then the body was healthy. If the body seemed like the elements were not balanced, he would balance it by drawing the patient’s blood, or making them vomit.
"The Age of Enlightenment." LIFE Magazine 15 Sept. 1947: 75+. Web. 17 Aug. 2010. .
Aristotle's book The Physics, was in existence by about 350 B.C. This book is mainly concerned with change a...
... eventually used his abilities in both math and science to help his interest in alchemy. Alchemy is producing gold from other metals as well as discovering cures for illnesses. Many philosophers had believed and tried alchemy using science and math alchemy was proved not possible.
However, this statement has no tangible meaning and it can be used to justify a broad spectrum of scenarios, including callous ones. “ If you consider this moral, you would have to approve of the following examples: fifty-one percent of humanity enslaving the other forty-nine...The greatest number (the Germans) supported the Nazi government which told them that their greatest good would be served by exterminating the smaller number (the Jews).”(Biddle, 6) How can this statement be used to justify revolting actions and still be argued that the greater good was accomplished? The actions that are portrayed in these scenarios display this statement, which collectivists give a positive meaning to, can be used to support acts of violence and injustice. For the group committing these vicious actions, they are producing good for the greater number, but are their actions humane and justified? What right does the group have to decide what will bring the greater good when they are harming a large number of people? Furthermore, collectivism, “encourages conformity and discourages individuals from dissenting and standing out.” (Gorodnichenko)1 With such a system, only the group could determine what's good
adopted this idea in his own way. Thales was born in the Greek city-state of Ionia in the
Through Franz Kafka's short story, “In the Penal Colony,” I intend to expand this discussion to include maturity as it relates to enlightenment via Kant's essay “An Answer to the Question 'What is Enlightenment?'” In which Kant describes two kinds of enlightenment which I define as “personal enlightenment” (that which occurs at the level of the individual) and “greater enlightenment” (that which occurs at the level of society or community).
Astronomy is a very important field in science. Ancient Greece, China, and India all contributed to our everyday ideas and uses of astronomy. Ancient Greece was the most influential because the Indian’s based most of their astronomy off of Greece. The Greeks created calendars that were based off of the eclipse cycle, which they called by two different names, Hellenic Calendars and Lunisolar Calendars. Because of Ancient Greece, we now have calendars to keep us on track every day. The Greeks observed a celestial object passing through the eastern and western morning sky. After a long time of observations, they came to a realization that it was a planet and now that is the planet is well known as Venus. (Sarton, 75) Plato and Aristotle’s theories were incredible contributions on us today. Both of their theories were all about the behavior and life of the planets, such as their theory that the earth is spherical. (Sarton, 421). Ancient Greece als...
The word Philosophy comes from the Greek words of ‘philo’ meaning love and ‘sophos’ meaning wisdom (Philosophy). It is the pursuit for wisdom, to comprehend human behavior, nature and ultimately the meaning of life. Plato was the student of Socrates, influenced by his work, Plato aged to become a great philosopher himself; establishing his philosophy from that of his teacher. Aristotle was the student of Plato, and like his teacher, grew up to ground his philosophy from that of Plato. Although, both Plato and Aristotle criticized their teacher’s works, they were also influenced by them. Both Plato and Aristotle developed their own modes of knowledge acquisition; Plato’s Platonic Idealism and Aristotle’s Analytic Empiricism. In this paper, my objective is to identify the differences in the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle, which lead to the development of two contradictory modes of knowledge acquisition and their influence on succeeding thinkers.
Most leading Greek intellectuals practised theoretical science. Aristotle, for example, referred to science as epistēmē, scientia in Latin. This definition “designated logically and empirically demonstrable knowledge of truth,” meaning it was a theoretical