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Us history flashcards roots of the new conservatism
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Starting during the 1970s, factions of American conservatives slowly came together to form a new and more radical dissenting conservative movement, the New Right. The New Right was just as radical as its liberal opposite, with agendas to increase government involvement beyond the established conservative view of government’s role. Although New Right politicians made admirable advances to dissemble New Deal economic policies, the movement as a whole counters conservativism and the ideologies that America was founded on. Although the New Right adopts conservative economic ideologies, its social agenda weakened the conservative movement by focusing public attention to social and cultural issues that have no place within the established Old Right platform. There was general prosperity in America following the Second World War, however in the 1970s inflation rose, productivity decreased, and corporate debt increased. Individual incomes slipped as oil prices raised. Popular dissent surrounding the economic crisis helped Reagan win the 1980 election under promises to lower taxes, deregulate, and bring America out of stagnation. Many New Right supporters put their faith in him to change the system. To start his tenure, Reagan passed significant tax cuts for the rich to encourage investment. Next he passed the Economy Recovery Tax Act that cut tax rates by 25% with special provisions that favored business. Reagan’s economic measures were based on his belief in supply-side economics, which argued that tax cuts for the wealthy and for business stimulates investment, with the benefits eventually tricking down to the popular masses. His supply-side economic policies were generally consistent with the establishment’s support of free market, ... ... middle of paper ... ...tive movement. By adding social issues to the conservative agenda, the New Right weakened the establishment’s movement, contradicting and discrediting its fundamental principles. The new social agenda contradicted Old Right’s belief in limited government and individual rights. Today, the New Right continues to grow and the Christian Right continues to gain political power. Republican candidates are considered politically dead unless they secure the support of the Christian Coalition. Before the New Right comes to embody “conservativism” within American political discourse, Old Right conservatives must discard the dissenter’s social initiatives and reclaim the establishment’s conservative agenda: remove the New Right’s social agenda, return to establishment’s conservative ideals, and develop policies based on limited government, free market, and individual liberty.
One of the many differences between The New Deal and The Reagan revolutions was that the new deal's economic solution was based on the government hands on and the economy will fix with the government's help and Reagan was thought that the solution was laissez faire which is that the government goes hand off and let the economy fix itself. “government is not
The prime example of their success is Ronald Reagan with his mix of conservatism and populism. Rhetoric about morality, freedom and responsibility now resonated in new ways with increasing numbers of white middle-class Americans who were concerned with social changes and the threat to their privileges. Even during the Watts Riots, Reagan landed the 1966 campaign for California Governor. But, conservatives did not ease up on their utter disdain for communism. And it highlights a core aspect of McGirr’s argument: she observes how conservatism pits a white-collar middle class against communism and its sinister plots of
Johnson led America in a time of many social movements, and the power of the Civil Rights Movement only added to the importance of passing the Civil Rights Act as soon as possible. Now that the inequality and injustice of minorities was brought to attention, Johnson had the power and motivation to put the Great Society reforms into action, which Democrats had been working towards since President Roosevelt and his New Deal programs. Reagan, however, was president during a time of greed. Reagan came into office during a poor time for the economy, and the upper and middle class Americans were more upset about their taxes being spent on poor Americans through welfare programs. There was also concern for people taking advantage of these programs. Reagan reflected these views and used his views on deregulation of businesses and tax cuts to benefit his supporters in the wealthy portion of Americans. With the passing of several laws benefitting minorities in America, social movements had faded from public view while America’s unrest had subsided, and Reagan didn’t need to have a strong support of civil rights. When the economy eventually rebounded due to Reagan’s economic policies, the success of wealthy businessmen brought about even more greed as the small portion of upper class Americans showed enjoyed luxuries and reaped the benefits of less social
In the 1980s, American factories were closing at a rapid pace. President Reagan's famous "trickle-down" economics helped large corporations increase profits while at the same time he reduced the power of the union with the firing of over 11,000 Air Traffic Controllers who had gone on strike (Le Blanc 122).
Immediately after being sworn into office, Reagan implemented the first of many tax cuts. The Economic Recovery Tax Act passed in 1981 took 20% off taxes from top income levels and 25% off taxes from all lower income levels. Additional tax cuts, enforced in 1986, lowered taxes for those with high incomes by another 28% and those with lower incomes by 15%. These cuts were enacted based on the principle that tax breaks for the upper echelon of society would encourage investment and spending, creating new jobs for lower income individuals. Though these acts helped America during an economic low, they had consequences which are still being felt today. During Reagan’s presidency the distribution of wealth shifted unfairly towards individuals...
Fairlie, Henry. The Parties: Republicans and Democrats in This Century. New York: The New Republic Magazine, 1978.
When President Reagan took office, the U.S. was on the back end of the economic prosperity World War 2 had created. The U.S. was experiencing the highest inflation rates since 1947 (13.6% in 1980), unemployment rates reaching 10% in 1982, and nonexistent increases GDP. To combat the recession the country was experiencing, President Reagan implemented the beginning stages of trickle down economics – which was a short-term solution aimed to stimulate the economy. Taxes in the top bracket dropped from 70% to 28% while GDP recovered. However, this short-term growth only masked the real problem at hand.
were inseparable from economic strength. However, Reagan's defense policy. resulted in the doubling of the debt of the United States. He used the money for... ... middle of paper ... ...
In the late1960’s American politics were shifting at a National level with liberalism being less supported as its politics were perceived as flawed, both by people on the left who thought that liberalism was not as effective as more radical political enterprises and by conservatives who believed that liberal politics were ostensibly crippling the American economy.
During the late 19th and early 20th century both the Populist Party and Progressive movement wanted to preserve some things, while also addressing the need for reform. Although many of the ideas and goals of these “Third parties” were initially not legislated and considered far-fetched, many of these ideas later became fundamental laws throughout American history.
“Republican Party Platforms, Then and Now.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 28 Aug. 2012. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
The New Deal period has generally - but not unanimously - been seen as a turning point in American politics, with the states relinquishing much of their autonomy, the President acquiring new authority and importance, and the role of government in citizens' lives increasing. The extent to which this was planned by the architect of the New Deal, Franklin D. Roosevelt, has been greatly contested, however. Yet, while it is instructive to note the limitations of Roosevelt's leadership, there is not much sense in the claims that the New Deal was haphazard, a jumble of expedient and populist schemes, or as W. Williams has put it, "undirected". FDR had a clear overarching vision of what he wanted to do to America, and was prepared to drive through the structural changes required to achieve this vision.
Minority”. This may be Lakoff’s own attempt at speaking to our unconscious conscience, repetitively associating Trump with these negative terms. Simultaneously, a nuanced approach is applied to ridicule groups supporting similar “strict father” policies. An implicit association can be drawn from Laissez-Faire free marketeers wanting to “eliminate public schools”, and the white working class seeing itself as “superior to non-whites”. Conservatives are further associated with being selfish; Lakoff asserts how they view responsibility as an individual matter, disregarding their responsibility to the larger society they live in. The illustration of strict conservatives ruling with a “moral hierarchy” seems to conflict American principles of freedom and equality. On the contrary, progressive values are associated with “empathy”, “care”, and “nurture”. Following Ernest J. Wrage’s concept, Lakoff did not criticise Trump alone, but also the larger set of strict conservative values that Trump represents. (Wrage,
Liberalism, formed in the latter part of the 18th Century from opposition to existing political monarchies in Europe, was based on rights of individuals and the responsibility of government to protect those rights. Conservative philosophy was born as a reaction to dangerous tendencies detected within the liberal movement toward excessive governmental control. While conservatives form the base of their beliefs on traditional values, respect for authority, and maintaining custom, liberals fought government tendencies to diminish, ignore, or abuse individual human rights. Both beliefs balanced each other until liberalism shifted its emphasis from protecting individual rights from government to using government as a source for supplying basic life necessities. The modern liberal agenda began as President Johnson's Great Society to wipe out poverty and enhance the quality of life for all Americans.
These coherent ideas make conservatism a legitimate ideology. The core beliefs of conservatism are tradition, human imperfection, organic society, authority, and property. Conservatists believe that change propels society into the unknown and creates a state of chaos and fear endangering happiness. To the conservative, tradition needs to defend prior institutions, placing a high value on past knowledge and the belief that those that stand the test of time ought to be protected. Creating a sense of identity and providing reassurances by practicing customs and traditions is strong conservative