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Importance of punishment in society
Conclusion of incest taboos
Importance of punishment in society
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From the three readings given, it can be comprehended that many different types of societies, such as egalitarian, complex, and state, all view incest as a crime worthy of punishment. The severity and duration of the punishments, however, varied from case to case. For example, in The Giver of the Law, when Kelemoke committed incest with his cousin, his punishment included being ridiculed, disrespected, and ignored by the women, children, and men in his society. This was the typical punishment for such an offense, and did not require any sort of formal legal action or judgement from his community. Additionally, he was outcasted to the forest. However, while this may seem harsh, especially in a society where community bonds are essential to survival, his punishment only lasted for a few hours. He was then allowed to return to the community as if nothing had happened. The story reported that, five years later, he was happily married with children, and is one of the most liked and respected hunters. This differs greatly from the experience …show more content…
In this story, the title character has been found guilty of having an incestuous relationship with his sister, who at the time was drunk. The punishment for such a crime is to lick the feces of several different animals (which, to touch such a thing is forbidden), as well as giving up any gifts that were given within this courtship. This punishment is dictated by the community. In this complex society, a crime committed is done against the entirety of the community, and as such, the punishment is decided by all. However, once he has ‘served his time’, by completing the ritual as needed, he has “cleansed the community of the contamination his incest caused...His misdeed is erased”. Nonetheless, it appeared the humiliation from his act and its punishment were too much to bear, as Tieng committed suicide soon
...ȧ’s objective for writing this non-fiction excerpt was written to get the readers to see the perspective of someone who is in a polygamous relationship, is living in a community society, and for us to understand the abnormality around us. Ryan and Jethȧ presented their argument by first opening up with a simple way to get our attention and then the book ended by showing the readers how polygamy causes problems in a relationship. The authors started with the theme “everyone is different” by mentioning how some villagers would eat herbs, insects and parts of an animal that citizens today would not eat. Then, the two authors spoke of community and nuclear family within different culture of the past, and about being involved in a polygamous or monogamous relationship. In the end, the author brought the reader back to reality by summarizing the book in the last chapter.
In this assignment, I have chosen to study polygamy in the Hawaiians culture located in the Oceania region. As the eHRAF states, In the Hawaiians culture they practice both polyandry and polygyny. In the practice of polygyny, the women are typically married only to the chiefs. This type of marriage, as the eHRAF states, is not affected by the union of two family members. Although not necessarily encouraged, it is not uncommon to marry a cousin or sister. Thus, they argue, connects the family. Polyandry is hypothesized to have originated from the number of males on the islands, being relatively high in comparison to the females. Female babies were killed at birth, known as infanticide, due to the limited role they could place in "male" responsibilities.
When you look around the world and see all the hate, destruction and annihilation of people and their countries you have to wonder is it because of how they form their families? Let us look at two articles one written by Steve Sailor , The Cousin Marriage Conundrum and the other written by Serena Nanda ,Arranging a Marriage in India. We will look at the practices and protocols of two different countries and cultures through two essays, one that has prearranged marriages India and one that encourages inbreeding by way of marrying first or second cousins.
THE ORIGIN AND MAINTENANCE of the incest taboo have been sources of interest and debate for decades in a number of different disciplines. The universality of the taboo, in one form or another, has served to fuel the discussions. Nested within differences in the theorists' orientations and conclusions is a consensus that, with very few exceptions, sexual intercourse is prohibited between members of the nuclear family who are not spouses -- father-child, mother-child, son-sibling, daughter-sibling. Most cultures extend the prohibition beyond the nuclear family to include grandparents, uncles, aunts, nieces, and nephews, both consanguine and affinal (see Fox, 1967, and Schusky, 1972, for examples). Further from the nuclear family, parallel cousins are usually proscribed as sexual partners and cross-cousins often are similarly proscribed. Different cultures then extend the taboo to other kin, depending on the specifics of the culture and its current and historical circumstances. There is then the alignment of prohibitions against sexual intercourse (a mating strategy) with marriage prohibitions: If sexual intercourse is prohibited, so is marriage.
Asliman, D. L. "Incest in Indo-European Folktales." Grimm Stories - Grimmstories.com. University of Pittsburg, 30 Apr. 2008. Web. 28 Apr. 2011. .
In the past, kinship has been an integral part of explaining societies in the anthropological field, as it is one of the bases of social structure in most societies to varying degrees. However, with the eventual spread of what is modernly western ideals, the importance of kinship was lost and thought to be outdated for western philosophy. So, with the western ideals and the newer action of globalization, making these western ideals the norm, kinship is seen as less important for societal structure, though moderately important from a biological perspective. Nevertheless, with the rise of western society, the downfall of kinship has caused it to only seem relevant in ethnic, traditional based societies that still exist and are thought to below western societies.
Shame punishments can build an immeasurable amount of good character. Typical judicial punishments today involve years jail time, and they simply hinder upon interactions with friends and family. A shame punishment serves as an effective method to build the hard working traits of a model citizen. For example, after enduring the punishment, the person will be reminded of it every time they think about doing something wrong. The painful experience
“Retribution is the belief that punishment must avenge or retaliate for a harm or wrong done to another” (Mays & Winfree, 2009). In contemporary corrections, retribution is found when the suspect is sentenced in court. There is multiple steps before the suspect is sentenced. After the individual is arrested for a crime, they go to trial first to determine if they are guilty or not. If the individual is guilty they more to the sentencing phase and receive a punishment equivalent to the crime they have committed. There are laws in place to determine the specific minimum and maximum time an individual can serve for each crime. Personally, it might appear slightly harsh but I believe that the Code of Hammurabi should be applied. More
Punishment in Elizabethan England was some of the most unforgiving and harsh consequences that the world has ever seen. It was also some of the most biased and unfair punishment we have ever seen. There were 2 classes of social standings, nobility and commoners.
Since the creation of the idea of plural marriage, people have agreed and disagreed whether this practice is moral or ethical. There are many reasons against Polygamy. Whether it be religious, one’s ideology or their government’s law, some people think plural marriage to be unethical. On the other hand, people believe Polygamy to be one’s right because being in a monogamous relationship is against natural human behavior. In Friedrich Nietzsche’s “Morality as Anti-Nature”, he proclaims anything that has been taught to humans in any way, “turns, conversely, against the instincts of life: it is condemnation of these instincts, now secret, now outspoken and impudent.” (Nietzsche 348). I argue the act of Polygamy, the marriage of more than two partners, is unethical and immoral. First, I will write about the differences between cultures and how a countries view on polygamy can differ significantly. Following, I will touch on how laws define monogamy and polygamy. To conclude, I will explain why the American Government made the decision to declare polygamy moral and
The Shared Humanity characteristic of morality is displayed through many novels and films but one particularly, How I Live Now, by Meg Rosoff, when innocent love turns into immoral acts. In England and most all other countries around the world frown upon incest. Incest is the act in which someone emotionally and or physically engages with a relative through their own immediate family. When Edmond and Daisy first came
“I found out the crime don’t matter. You can do one thing or you can do another, kill a man or take a tire off his car, because sooner or later you’re going to forget what it was you done and just be punished for it.” (123) As readers we think there is a huge difference between killing someone and taking his tire, but The Misfit fails to acknowledge that there is a major difference between these two acts. All crimes seem to be the same to him, and punishment too is also all the same because it is never deserved in his opinion. He admits that he has done things wrong in the past that are obviously wrong by other people’s standards, but they do not feel wrong to him so he resents being punished for his
Relative by marriage is defined with reference to relative by blood in American Kinship. The fundamental element which defines a relatives by blood is of course , blood, a substance, a material things. It constitiom is whatever it is that really is in nature. It is a natural entity and cannot be terminated. Marriage is not a material things in the same sene as biogenetic heredity. It mean it is not a natural things in the sense of material object found in nature. It other words, marriage is differ from blood relatives because marriage can be terminable by death or divorce. In marriage, they have the role of close relatives without, as informants put it being “real or blood relatives”. Although they don’t have a full blood relationship but they are still consider as family because it is pattern for how interpersonal relations should
Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is defined in general as a social, and legal contract between two individuals that unites their lives legally, economically, and emotionally. There are several basic rules for a marriage to succeed, but the way those two persons decided to be bound by marriage defines the validity of those rules. The typical two ways a couple can end up marrying are, direct contact resulting in love, or arranged marriage. Our topic will shed light on the arranged marriage situation then comparing it to love marriage, while also bringing up the case of forced arranged marriage, and discussing its two different types, then presenting the modern arranged marriage and proving its effectiveness.
Suicide among youngsters in Hong Kong have usually been appeared in newspapers. Number of teenagers suicide cases has raised from 2.92 per 100,000 youths in 2000 to 3.41 per 100,000 youths in 2010 (The Hong Kong Council of Social Service, 2014), which is above 'the global adverage' of 14.5 per 100,000 people (Yip 2009). 24-hour Suicide Prevention Hotline Service received 350 more calls by people aged under 20 in 2013 while compared to the data in 2008 (Suicide Prevention Services, 2009). These datum show the seriousness of the teenage suicide issue. Youth suicide, as caused by low self-esteem of the victim can be alleviated by introducing online self-help program on mental health training for suicidal adelescenes, school providing 'selected suicide intervention programs' to high-risk suicidal youth, and promoting 'suicide prevention education' to train peer counsellors.