The Multi Store Model

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There are 3 different main models of theories of how memory is constructed. Firstly you have the Multi Store Model(MSM) a more simple model. Secondly, you have the Working Model which has it similarities to the MSM. Thirdly you have the Schema theory, in this essay it will explain the differences between the three, which also will include the limitations and strengths of each model. The multi store model was proposed by Atkinson and Schiffrin (1968). The model is made up of three stores. Firstly you have the the ‘Sensory’ store, this is a collection of thoughts, feelings and things you have seen. Through attention information processes to your Short term memory which is the second store. In the short-term memory sound and information …show more content…

They like Atkinson and Schiffrin also believe in long term memory but they believe that there is more too short term memory. Their theory is called the “Working Memory Model” proposed in 1974. This model focuses on 4 main areas. Firstly there is the central executive, its job is to too determine information and conscious thought. Then, you have you short-term memory which is broken up into 3 sections. The first section being the Visuospatial Sketchpad, which is split into two parts, its job is in charge of visual information, like recalling an excursion. The Visual Cache takes informations about colour and also form. The second section is the Phonological Loop, responsible for auditory and semantic information. The third section is the Episodic Buffer, its role is a general space where information from both acoustic and visual are stored. A study which was done by Baddeley and Hitch (1976), to prove the working model, and to show that you can not do two tasks using different sections of your short term memory at the same time. The method to prove this was that subjects were asked to perform two tasks at the exact same time. One of these task being to repeat numbers from a list and also answering to true or false questions. The results showed that they disproved their theory of not being able to do two parts of your short-term memory at the same. Rather you can use two parts two parts of your short term …show more content…

For example, it’s like if you hear the word bedroom, you think of all the things which could be in it, such as a bed, clothes and a desk. So the knowledge you already know will influence the the outcome of the information processing. So the schema theory uses the idea that we are able to make generalisations about situations about situations, places and people. Stereotypes are an illustration of a social schema, by generalisations about the stereotypes by doing this is saves cognitive energy. The concept of Schema was first introduced by Jean Piaget (1926). This theory is used in the case study done by Brewer and Treyens (1981). The method of this study was simple subjects were told to wait in a psychologist's office for 3 minutes, and then moved into a another room and were asked what they saw in the office. They said that remembered things which would be in a office such as pens and books, this proves the schema theory. The Schema theory strengths are that it is testable, and their is a lot of evidence to back it up. The weaknesses of the theory is that it is not clear on how schema in people is collected and how it affects the cognitive

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