The Modernization of China

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In 1978 Deng Xiaoping became the leader of China and began an ambitious program of economic reform. Under Deng Xiaoping’s modernization policies, the country was opened to the outside world that foreigners were encouraged to bring technical information and managerial knowledge to China. The new policies encouraged private and collective business, so that higher skill levels of workers were needed to develop the new China. My grandfather, Shidao Liu, is an exemplar of rural people who obtained opportunity to gain a satisfactory job during Deng’s era. The reform leading by Deng benefitted Chinese economic and improved people’s living standard, resulting in more job opportunities were offered to people in rural area.
Chinese economic reforms utilized capitalist techniques, or socialism with Chinese characteristics. The new regime rejected class conflict and emphasized the building of the forces of production through the Four Modernizations of agriculture, industry, national defense, and science and technology. Bases on policy changes, this program promoted a decade of "opening" in politics, economics, and culture internationally and domestically. At the Third Plenum of the Eleventh Central Committee in late December, policies involved with the Four Modernizations were clarified: "Carrying out the Four Modernizations requires great growth in the productive forces...diverse changes in those aspects of the relations of production...not in harmony with the growth of productive forces, and...changes in all methods of management, actions, and thinking that stand in the way of such growth."
At first, the reform focused on the farms. Farmers did not gain the right to own their land; however, they got a fifty-year lease that they could ...

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... tModules=&mode=view&displayGroupName=Reference&limiter=&currPage=&disableHighligh ting=true&displayGroups=&sortBy=&search_within_results=&p=BIC1&action=e&catId=&ac tivityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE%7CK2400000022&source=Bookmark&u=garrisonfor&j sid=9cea840d1c2ee46dfe7d6101bc1784f1. Salem History. Accessed April 20, 2014. http://www.history.salempress.com/doi/ full/10.3331/ GL20C_3661022611?prevSearch=Deng%2BXiaoping&searchHistoryKey=&queryHash=02812db19 d39b116a6775948eaeca531. Schoppa, Keith R. The Columbia Guide to Modern Chinese History. New York, The
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