Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Rene descartes philosophy reflection
Life and the teachings of Rene Descartes
Life and the teachings of Rene Descartes
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Rene descartes philosophy reflection
René Descartes was a French philosopher born in La Haye, France, on March 31, 1596. In the 17th century. Now that town is now named after him, because of the great things he has done. He spent most of his life in the Dutch Republic He had two siblings and was the youngest. His father and mother's name were Joachim and Jeanne Brochard. His mother died before his first birthday. In addition, his father was in the provincial parliament as a council member. After their mother died, Joachim had the kids go live with their grandmother on their mom's side. They stayed there even though their father eventually remarried. Even though their father did not want them around, he still wanted the best education for his children so he sent René when he was eight, to boarding school to the Jesuit college of Henri IV in La Flèche. And he stayed there until he was 15. René Descartes was a good student; he got good grades and was liked by his teachers but was often ill. This sometimes took a toll on his studies. So ill that he was given permission to stay in bed until the afternoon because he was just too, sick and did not have it in him to get out and go to class. People say he would not get out of bed until past 11 everyday and that was on a good day. While at Boarding School, he studied rhetoric, logic, and the mathematical arts, which meant he also studied music and astronomy, and other intense studies that were stepping-stones for him to become a philosopher and effected his beliefs and ideas. After he left Boarding School in December of 1616, he went and got baccalaureate in law at the University of Poitiers four years later. During this period in his life, there are rumors that he snapped and had a nervous breakdown. However, there is no tru... ... middle of paper ... ...use they did not want them to be disturbed. Then were brought back. However, there is an old legend that says that only his heart was put back. In addition, the rest of his remains are buried in the Pantheon. However, this has never been proven. Descartes practiced the Roman Catholic religion. However, was believed to have many atheist beliefs. However, believed that if he expressed all of his religious views and doubts in God the people would reject him since he did not share the people's religion or any for that matter. He thought that the people he was trying to preach his ideas to would not accept him. Without the philosophical insight of René Descartes, we would not have, the modern information we take for granted today. He was able to broaden the understanding in several different fields. In addition, should always be remembered as a genius and amazing person.
At the start of the meditation, Descartes begins by rejecting all his beliefs, so that he would not be deceived by any misconceptions from reaching the truth. Descartes acknowledges himself as, “a thing that thinks: that is, a thing that doubts, affirms, denies, understands a few things, is ignorant of many things” He is certain that that he thinks and exists because his knowledge and ideas are both ‘clear and distinct’. Descartes proposes a general rule, “that whatever one perceives very clearly and very distinctly is true” Descartes discovers, “that he can doubt what he clearly and distinctly perceives is true led to the realization that his first immediate priority should be to remove the doubt” because, “no organized body of knowledge is possible unless the doubt is removed” The best probable way to remove the doubt is prove that God exists, that he is not a deceiver and “will always guarantee that any clear and distinct ideas that enter our minds will be true.” Descartes must remove the threat of an invisible demon that inserts ideas and doubts into our minds to fool us , in order to rely on his ‘clear and distinct’ rule.
Before students can judge others ideologies they must understand the philosopher first. Rene Descartes, the father of modern western philosophy, was born in 1596 to French parents. Rene Descartes excelled in mathematics. By 1616 Descartes received his baccalaureate and became a licensed lawyer. In 1618 Descartes joined the army of Prince Maurice of Nassau. During his service Descartes never saw combat, but while in the service he was able to travel and explore the world. During his time in Germany Descartes began to inquire about life’s hardest questions regarding logic, reasoning, arithmetic, God and knowledge. By the early 1830’s Descartes continued his conquest of knowledge; he secluded himself from all temptations and began to write. Descartes
In Meditations on First Philosophy: Meditation VI, René Descartes argues for the distinction between mind and body. He asserts: “And accordingly, it is certain that I am really distinct from my body, and can exist without it…” (p. 618) This argument takes place in the last of six meditations, in which Descartes attempts to prove the existence of the physical world and the distinction between mind and body (Descartes’ Dualism). In earlier Meditations, he doubts everything that is not self evidently true, including the material world. He uses doubt as method of discovering simple truths he can build upon. The first truth he establishes is “the cogito” which is Latin for I think, Descartes uses this self-evident truth to argue that the mind is better known than the body, and uses thought as a proof for it’s existence. After he establishes his archimedean point or “the cogito” he starts to build his ontology. However, before he even proves matter exists, Descartes explains the essence of matter.
This is a change from ancient and medieval traditions, like Aristotle, because Descartes does not focus externally on a soul or on an external thing that is using the human body; rather Descartes believes that the body is used to give us perceptions but that we cannot always trust these perceptions while seeking the truth (Brown 156). Descartes explains that “... our senses sometimes deceive us, I wish to suppose that nothing is just as they cause us to imagine it to be… I resolved to assume that everything that ever entered into my mind was no more than the illusions of my dreams” (Brown 156). Descartes also mentions that he does not believe all things are false because of his existence, he thought “... remarking that this truth ‘I think, therefore I am’ was so certain… if I only ceased from thinking, even if all the rest of what I ever imagined had really existed, I should have no reason for thinking that I had existed. From that I knew I was a substance the whole essence or nature if which is to think” (Brown
The next stage in the system, as outlined in the Meditations, seeks to establish that God exists. In his writings, Descartes made use of three principal arguments. The first (at least in the order of presentation in the Meditations) is a causal argument. While its fullest statement is in Meditation III, it is also found in the Discourse (Part IV) and in the Principles (Part I §§ 17–18). The argument begins by examining the thoughts contained in the mind, distinguishing between the formal reality of an idea and its objective reality. The formal reality of any thing is just its actual existence and the degree of its perfection; the formal reality of an idea is thus its actual existence and degree of perfection as a mode of mind. The objective reality of an idea is the degree of perfection it has, considered now with respect to its content. (This conception extends naturally to the formal and objective reality of a painting, a description or any other representation.) In this connection, Descartes recognized three fundamental degrees of perfection connected with the capacity a thing has for independent existence, a hierarchy implicit in the argument of Meditation III and made explicit in the Third Replies (in response to Hobbes). The highest degree is that of an infinite substance (God), which depends on nothing; the next degree is that of a finite substance (an individual body or mind), which depends on God alone; the lowest is that of a mode (a property of a substance), which depends on the substance for its existence.
In the New Merriam Webster Dictionary, sophism is defined as a plausible but fallacious argument. In Rene Descartes Meditation V, he distinguishes the existence of God, believing he must prove that god exists before he can examine any corporeal objects outside of himself. By proving that the existence of God is not a sophism, he also argues that God is therefore the Supreme Being and the omnipotent one. His conclusion that God does exist enables him to prove the existence of material things, and the difference between the soul and the body.
4. Descartes, Rene, and Roger Ariew. Meditations, objections, and replies. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Pub., 2006. Print.
Rene Descartes decision to shatter the molds of traditional thinking is still talked about today. He is regarded as an influential abstract thinker; and some of his main ideas are still talked about by philosophers all over the world. While he wrote the "Meditations", he secluded himself from the outside world for a length of time, basically tore up his conventional thinking; and tried to come to some conclusion as to what was actually true and existing. In order to show that the sciences rest on firm foundations and that these foundations lay in the mind and not the senses, Descartes must begin by bringing into doubt all the beliefs that come to him by the senses. This is done in the first of six different steps that he named "Meditations" because of the state of mind he was in while he was contemplating all these different ideas. His six meditations are "One:Concerning those things that can be called into doubt", "Two:Concerning the Nature of the Human mind: that it is better known than the Body", "Three: Concerning God, that he exists", "Four: Concerning the True and the False", "Five: Concerning the Essence of Material things, and again concerning God, that he exists" and finally "Six: Concerning the Existence of Material things, and the real distinction between Mind and Body". Although all of these meditations are relevant and necessary to understand the complete work as a whole, the focus of this paper will be the first meditation.
Descartes, Rene. The Philosophical Writings, tr. John Cottingham and Dugald Murdoch. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
SparkNotes: René Descartes (1596–1650). (n.d.). SparkNotes: Today's Most Popular Study Guides. Retrieved February 8, 2011, from http://www.sparknotes.com/philosophy/descartes
Rene Descartes certainly didn't lack for credentials. As the "Father of Rationalism," "Father of Modern Philosophy," and originator of Cartesian geometry, he had more than enough interests to fill his spare time. But his role as "Father of Skepticism" helped popularize a major change in thinking about the nature of human experience. Dualism, or the doctrine that mind and body are of two distinct natures, is one of the key philosophical problems inherited by psychology. In both philosophy and psychology there have been several attempts to reconcile the mind and body.
Have you ever woke up one morning and doubted everything you’ve ever thought? Doubted who you were? Doubted how you even got on Earth? For your whole life someone has told you how to think, how to act, and what to believe. Have you ever actually took a step back and secluded yourself from everything and started over? In the spring of 1640, Rene Descartes decided to do exactly that. He decided as an adult that the things he has believed his whole life might be false. He decided within himself that he had to seclude himself from anything that may impact his way of thinking. He starts to break down everything and start over. The only thing he has with him now is his doubts and that will help him seek more about the truth. Throughout the book
Rene Descartes, a 17th century French philosopher believed that the origin of knowledge comes from within the mind, a single indisputable fact to build on that can be gained through individual reflection. His Discourse on Method (1637) and Meditations (1641) contain his important philosophical theories. Intending to extend mathematical method to all areas of human knowledge, Descartes discarded the authoritarian systems of the scholastic philosophers and began with universal doubt. Only one thing cannot be doubted: doubt itself. Therefore, the doubter must exist. This is the kernel of his famous assertion Cogito, ergo sum (I am thinking, therefore I am existing). From this certainty Descartes expanded knowledge, step by step, to admit the existence of God (as the first cause) and the reality of the physical world, which he held to be mechanistic and entirely divorced from the mind; the only connection between the two is the intervention of God.
Many question are left unanswered, but Descartes was on the first philosophers to dive into the matter of mind and body. He tried to explain in his best possible explanation about how we interact with our known universe. Many philosophers after him have studies his ideology and some have come up with simpler conclusion then Descartes yet many cannot answer either by disproving or coming up with a more logical results. To prove ones existence as a whole is challenging while Descartes travel into the unknown in trying to prove consciousness we are left with how we even come to be and how to understand ourselves better. Can we believe Descartes full meditation the real answer to that is no, because in some of his conclusions he doesn't explain it to us in details of how he got to that conclusion to begin with.
We can apply Rene Descartes philosophy to our everyday lives because we can make a difference. We can analyze what we do in our daily lives and we can make a difference finding the truth about life. I personally like the philosophy of Rene Descartes even though his philosophy is considered to be epistemological and it has zero ground. His philosophy can help our community by making us look at reality in a different way. Even if his philosophy is considered to be irrational, we should take in mind what he mediated in his meditation