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Role of transportation in supply chain
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1. Transportation has sometime been described as the glues that holds global supply chains together. What is the meaning of this statement and do you agree? Why or why not?
Transportation is an essential part of the global supply chain as it provides the link between the company and the supplier and customers, it is an important part of logistics process and function dealing with the aspects of location of economic utilities. It works closely with inventory, planners, transportation to ensure that the business is made available for the customers. The company’s ability to serve the customers through efficient and effective transportation is essential to gain customer confidence and expand business for the company. Logistic is very important
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Absolute advantage is the oldest concept, since the two country scenario each country has an advantage in the production of one or more products. Comparative advantage postulates that even if one country has the advantage in both products, trade can still be beneficial. Comparative advantage has probably been the most important for overall development in our complex global economy since countries can produce so many products that are competitive with other countries to some degree. Moreover, absolute advantage is still important to rationalize some major trade flows for basic materials and agricultural products. There are also seasonal and weather related factors that provide advantages at particular time of the year for different …show more content…
Changes in fertility have an immediate effect on numbers of children, but many years must pass before the change affects the numbers above childhood. However, a population that has experienced a recent decline in fertility tends to have relatively small numbers both of children and of aged persons and a large proportion of adults in the middle
My original hypothesis is that low fertility in a country will cause social problems. Economies will shrink. Cities may also shrink in size. Nations will become poorer. Taxes for the fewer working people could be so high as to cause major discontent and further help to expand an underground economy. Resentment against pensioners could grow or pensions could be decreased or even eliminated forcing older people to continue working until their health no longer allowed them to continue. Already, many older people have chosen to stay in the work force due to having insufficient pension funds.
Zanjirani F., Rezapour, S. & Kardar, L. (2011) Logistics operations and management concepts and models, 1st ed. London ; Elsevier.
Krugman defines comparative advantage as “the view that countries trade to take advantage of their differences” (1987, p. 132). Comparative advantage theories assume constant returns to scale and perfect competition. Krugman writes that trade exists when countries differ from one another in goods they have to offer, technology, or factor endowments. Although there are multiple models explaining the cause of trade, each differs as to what factors are included to explain why trade takes place. Economist Ohlin and authors Burenstam-Linder and Vernon began introducing counter-points to comparative advantage as early as the late 1950’s, saying that formal models of comparative advantage did not take into account all factors affecting international trade. International specialization and trade caused by increasing returns, as well as economies of scale and techn...
Comparative advantage means that an industry, firm, country or individual are able to produce goods and services at a lower opportunity cost than others which are also producing the same goods and services. Also, in order to be profitable, the number in exports must be higher than the number in import. From the diagram we seen above, Singapore is seen to have a comparative advantage in some services. The services are Transport, Financial, business management, maintenance & Repair and Advertising & Market Research, etc. These export services to other countries improve the balance of payment. On the other side, Singapore is seen to have a comparative disadvantage in some services. The services are Travel, Telecommunications, Computer & Information,
In the competitive environment, it is necessary for moving products involves reception of products at an intermediate location, store, repackage, clear customs and transport to final destination. The other factor in the supply chain logistics is speed given information flows fast in the internet era. The customer expects everything quick accustomed to the instant status access to the information. With the real time inventory, customer expects the location of the product, it is next scheduled movement and the final delivery schedule.
Finding ways to move goods from one point to another at a reasonable cost and within an acceptable time frame is a growing challenge for global businesses today. The costs and risks associated with transportation are increasing with the advent of globalization and low-cost-country sourcing. Even for companies with local operations only, they have to supply their products to various parts of a country which increases the costs and risks. Since the cost of gasoline has been on an upward trend, high level of efficiency in transportation is required to lower the costs involved and the risks associated with the costs. Costs concepts in transportation include economic, social and accounting costs. The risks and costs involved increases if the various modes of transport are used. There has been concern over many businesses failure to strategically think when they employ multimodal transportation services. Many businesses prefer the least expensive multimodal model instead of choosing the most effective; this trade-off is very expensive with hidden costs and risks increasing significantly (Molenaar, Anderson, Schexnayder, National Research Council (U.S.)., National Cooperative Highway Research Program., American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials., & United States, 2010).
The Law of Comparative Advantage was introduced by David Ricardo in 1817 in his book ‘Principles of Political Economy and Taxation’. According to this classical theory, a comparative advantage exists for a country when it has a margin of superiority in the production of a certain commodity over others. Comparative advantage results from differing endowments in the factors of production like technology, natural endowments, climate, etc. among different countries. Therefore, each country exports the commodities which it can produce at a lower opportunity cost or, in other words, lower marginal cost of production and imports the rest. This would ultimately be beneficial for all countries engaging in free trade as each would gain through its specialization
Teitelbaum, Michael S., Jay Winter. “Low Fertility Rates - Just a Phase?” YaleGlobal Online. Yale Global, 9 Jul. 2013. Web. 1 Mar. 2014.
Outbound logistics: They are made up of centralized logistic centers to promote efficiency, global network, reduced emission of CO2 by 22% to ensure ecological sustainability and lastly to improve customer service.
Comparative advantage is when a country can produce more of a certain type of output in relation all of the other things it produces. Another example, the U.S. and China might both be able to produce 5 thousand performance chips, but in relation to their other output China is producing 5/10,000 of salsa, and the USA is producing 5/100,000, so China has comparative advantage.
Based on my research, one of the challenges faced by logistic company is capacity forecast. Capacity forecast is a general’s capacity theory that we should know it about warehousing. Warehousing it is very important in this industry where they play an important role to store the goods before its loading and unloading once it arrive at the destination point. The requirement for this phase is its transportation. As an example, the used of mode, carrier and protection class. Furthermore, capacity forecast has its own benefits in logistic. Which is, this solution ensure the logistic, manufacturing and supply chain to work together to the same plan (Byrne, 2011). The logistic industry had faced is, widespread their promotion and to work efficiently on land.
The transportation & logistics industry is a form of industry that keeps people and products on the move, it includes airlines and airports, shipping companies, logistics service providers and other transportation companies. That’s why it is considered the backbone of modern global supply chains. In a place like the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that has diverse geography with a dry desert and great temperature extremes and a large area of about 2.1 million square km, a transportation & logistics industry is a necessity. Imagine you need to move from one city to another (of course it will be so hard to cross large areas of empty deserts) you have only two options to transfer from one to another city; the first option is to drive and the second option is to fly and ship your car via a car transport carrier. The harsh climate in Saudi Arabia makes people to prefer using the second option, this cause the market of transport market to enlarge. Albassami International Group is one of the biggest companies established to satisfy those needs. It is considered one of the biggest companies specialized in vehicle transportation in the Middle East. The philosophy of the company is to serve the needs of the clients over the span of thirty two years, throughout which they constantly had an eye to the future by evaluating the most appropriate ways in which to make transporting clients’ vehicles via the best and safest answer. They operate round the clock to serve clients at all times.
Logistics exists to satisfy customer requirements by facilitating relevant manufacturing and marketing operation. The main responsibility of logistic is the geographical positioning of raw materials, work in process and finished inventories at the lowest possible cost.
This paper aims at providing more information concerning the different modes of transport, their characteristics and also the comparison of these modes with one another in an effort to establish the best mode of transport for specific commodities. The paper also takes into consideration the various factors affecting the transport sector; such as cost of transportation, flexibility, time factor and reliability. Transport refers to the process that enables physical movement of goods and people from on area to another. Transport is very important in the sense that it ensures availability of raw materials to manufactures, producers and also to construction sites (Clifford Winston,?2010). It makes sure that goods are available
Transportation is movement of people and goods from one location to another. Throughout history, the economic wealth and military power of a people or a nation have been closely tied to efficient methods of transportation. Transportation provides access to natural resources and promotes trade, allowing a nation to accumulate wealth and power. Transportation also allows the movement of soldiers, equipment, and supplies so that a nation can wage war.