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Psychological literary criticism of macbeth
Theme of sleep in macbeth
Psycho analysis of lady macbeth
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Good Night, Sleep Tight, Don’t Let the Bedbugs Bite As Thomas Dekker once said, “Sleep is the golden chain that binds health and our bodies together”. William Shakespeare was an English playwright who lived in the Renaissance time period. One of his better known plays, Macbeth, was written in 1606 and set in Medieval Scotland. The play follows Macbeth, an influential man, and his headstrong wife through their immoral acts for power. In a fateful encounter with three witches, Macbeth is prophesized to become Scotland’s King. When the prophecy is not immediately fulfilled, Macbeth decides to kill the acting king, Duncan, beginning a series of similar decisions. In the play, Macbeth, sleep symbolizes innocence to reflect the development of the …show more content…
Committing yet another crime, Macbeth orders the murder of Banquo to stop the witches prophecy of his sons becoming kings thus taking over Macbeth’s throne, from coming true, saying he and Lady Macbeth “will eat [their] meal in fear, and sleep in the affliction of [the] terrible dreams that shake [them] nightly” (III.ii.20-21). The Macbeths recognize that they need to sleep amongst their painful dreams, symbolizing their subconscious comprehension of the necessity to make peace with their guilt, ignoring it as if they were still innocent. Because of their newly practiced oblivion to their crimes, the Macbeths ignore their original morals as they become more corrupt with each new offense. Once again, Macbeth decides to kill in order to fulfill his desire for security, this time choosing to murder Macduff to ensure that he would be of no harm to Macbeth claiming he will “sleep in spite of thunder” once Macduff is dead (IV.i.97). Macbeth will sleep without fear once Macduff is killed, ultimately trying to feel innocent and rid of guilt despite his crimes. This absence of fear reflects the diminishing amount of guilt on his conscience for his past murders and fundamentally proving his corruption. Even though the Macbeths’ want to make peace with their actions, they are not permitted by their inability to cleanse themselves of their
Thirdly, feelings of paranoia and guilt cause Macbeth characters to make damaging choices. When Macbeth asks the witches to reveal the truth of their prophecies to him, they summon horrible apparitions, each of which offers a prediction to allay Macbeth’s fears. First, a floating head warns him to beware Macduff. Macbeth says that he has already guessed as much. Later when Lennox enters and tells Macbeth that Macduff has fled to England. Macbeth in reply says, “The castle of Macduff I will surprise; / Seize upon Fife; give to th'edge o'th'sword / His wife, his babes, and all unfortunate souls / That trace him in his line.” (4.1.149-152). As Macbeth descends to madness he becomes obsessed with eliminating any threats to his power. Macbeth orders the murderers to kill Macduff's family and eliminate any threat to him. Ironically, this is the moment that Macbeth seals his own fate, by murdering Macduff's family he ensures Macduff's retaliation against him, which ultimately leads
Upon hearing that Malcom is officially heir to the throne, Macbeth displays shame for his thoughts of murder by explaining “Stars, hide your fires;/Let not light see my black and deep desires” (Document A) At this point, Macbeth reveals his fear of the very idea that has taken hold inside of him, suggesting that he has the capacity to resist the witches’ temptation. Unlike Lady Macbeth, who immediately starts planning to murder King Duncan and eventually convinces Macbeth to join her, Macbeth remains hesitant to commit the murder. Macbeth’s initial hesitance reveals the possibility that he allows the evil thoughts to take over him due to the persuasion of Lady Macbeth or on his own, as opposed to those thoughts forcing their way into reality against his will. If this is the case, the murder of King Duncan was entirely in Macbeth’s control. A short while later, Macbeth explains to his wife that he “ha[s] done the deed” (Document C). Unlike Lady Macbeth, who is unable to murder the king herself, Macbeth reveals that only he has the power to murder King Duncan. After murdering him, Macbeth moves to take more control of the events around him. Out of a fear instilled in him by the weïrd sisters, Macbeth murders Banquo. Now, Macbeth is trying to free himself from the control exerted on him by the weïrd sisters. Unfortunately, by trying to free himself, Macbeh finds himself further entangled in the strings of the powerful weïrd sisters. The dominance of the sisters is not complete, since they allow Macbeth the choice of how to act on their prophecies. By allowing him some choice, the weïrd sisters give Macbeth the ability to control how the prophecy comes true; however, they never allow him to alter the end result. No matter how Macbeth acts, the prophecies of the witches will ultimately come true. Unlike Lady Macbeth, though, Macbeth brings his fate upon himself, and by
Once Macbeth murdered Duncan, he realized that “Glamis hath murdered sleep, and therefore Cawdor shall sleep no more. Macbeth shall sleep no more” (2.2.43-44). Shakespeare has Macbeth feel remorse to exemplify that Macbeth has the slightest amount of integrity within himself. He understands what he has done, but recognizes that he cannot go back and change his own actions. His fortune has been forever changed along with his fate (which is later on revealed by the witches). Macbeth’s integrity takes another downfall as he ascends to the throne and begins to suspect Banquo. Macbeth convinces himself that his sole purpose is to make the “seed of Banquo kings!” (3.1.73) This demonstrates Macbeth’s opinion of Banquo as someone who is more powerful than he is. Macbeth adds nuance to his statement by recalling that the witches hailed Banquo as the “father to a line of kings” (3.1.63) and “upon [Macbeth’s] my head they placed a fruitless crown” (3.1.64). From this, one may speculate that Macbeth views his position as king is illegitimate while Banquo’s children will be the legitimate kings. Macbeth’s integrity is further compromised as he uses this logic to justify his reasoning for plotting against Banquo. This further changed his fate and fortune by guaranteeing that “Macbeth shall never vanquished be until Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill shall come against him” (4.1.95-97). Macbeth’s
Macbeth fears that Banquo’s son will become king so he finds three murderers and tells them to find Banquo’s son and kill him. Since they are killing his son Macbeth says to kill Banquo. The murderers kill Banquo but not his son. Macbeth throws the murderers into the dungeon. Later Macbeth starts hallucinating. He sees Banquo and is scared. At the end of this act MacDuff escapes.
William Shakespeare’s Macbeth is a play centred around opposing forces trying to gain power in the succession for the throne of Scotland. Macbeth, in the beginning, is known to be a noble and strong willed man, who is ready to fight for his country. However, one may see that Macbeth has a darker side to him, he is power hungry and blood thirsty, and will not stop until he has secured his spot as King of Scotland. Though Macbeth may be a tyrant, he is very nave, gullible, and vulnerable.
Macbeth is describing sleep as a wonderful thing. It gives you energy and nourishes you like food from a feast.
Sleep is a metaphor that is used throughout ‘Macbeth’, more specifically the murder of sleep. Murder of sleep is a metaphor that first appears when Macbeth kills Duncan," ‘Sleep no more! / Macbeth does murder sleep'- the innocent sleep, / sleep that knits up the raveled sleave of care/ the death of each days life, sore labors bath," (II.ii.1-4). The metaphor of the murder of sleep expresses that fact that after killing Duncan; Macbeth is unable to return to sleep because of the horrors he just committed. Macbeth has committed an action so terrible that the near thought of it is sure to keep him up all night, thus he has "murdered sleep". Macbeth's murder of sleep is further reinforced as an even more brutal murder. "Innocent sleep/ sleep that knits up the raveled sleave of care," Sleep is something innocent and good, much like the beloved king Duncan. The metaphor of the murder of the wonderful and so beautiful sleep joins into a parallel with the murder of Duncan. Duncan is a king who similarly to sleep is full of miraculous and admirable qualities that Macbeth so horribly destroyed. By killing Duncan, Macbeth has killed his sleep. A life without sleep, is a tired, and groggy life, sleep is "the death of each days life, sore labors bath". Sleep is the necessary element needed to rid the "sore labor" of the day; however now that Macbeth has killed sleep he is unable to experience alleviation of this sore labor. Due...
Macbeth’s excessive greed is, in fact, the befalling of kings, for its false promises mislead one’s desires to bring about a result that does not always satisfy. Macduff believes the amount of power that Macbeth wishes for — is a path that subconsciously morphs and changes Macbeth into an individual whose mindset can be seen as cancerous. The destructive nature of greed was demonstrated by Macbeth earlier in the story when he decided to kill the former king and his good friend Banquo. At first, Macbeth felt remorse and his conscience was questioning his need to be king, but as he began to allow his greed to guide his actions, the less remorse he felt and the more inclined he was to seek what satisfies him most. Instead of tending to Scotland’s people, Macbeth is plagued by the need to remain king, as he leads a crusade in an effort to ensure his future. It is for this reason, that Macduff urges for Macbeth’s removal from the throne, due to his toxic disposition that does not benefit, but only deteriorates the kingdom of
In Macbeth, the witches’ prophecies seem to negate Macbeth's free will. However, at some instances, Macbeth willfully chooses evil over good. Macbeth hires men to murder both Banquo and Fleance. now Macbeth has the murderers go to Macduff's house Many people died because Macbeth chose evil over good With a clear conscience free of guilt, Macbeth can sleep fine This sleepless journey begins when Macbeth murders the king Duncan. Macbeth does murder sleep'- the innocent sleep." This is a theme that will haunt Macbeth for the rest of the play, and for nearly a year Macbeth shall "sleep no more."
The motif sleep is used throughout Act 2 of the play Macbeth to represent the troublesome the characters are going through mentally and how stressed the characters are.
Afraid of Banquo’s prophecy coming true (his sons will be king), he journeys to see the witches again. Once he arrives, he demands “I conjure you by that which you profess...answer me To what I ask you” (IV.i.51,61-62). He is greedy to know the answer to his fate, and is selfish in his ways. In response to Macbeth the witches appear in 3 apparitions, all the while giving him a sense of overconfidence. The apparitions state “The pow’r of man, for none of woman born Shall harm Macbeth” (IV.i.91-92) and “Macbeth shall never vanquished be until Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill Shall come against him” (IV.i.106-108). When Macbeth hears this great news he becomes extremely overconfident. This leads him to being very unprepared for when Macduff and Malcolm storm up great Dunsinane Hill covered in branches from Great Birnam Wood. He is thrown off his feet when Macduff tells him “Macduff was from his mother’s womb Untimely ripped” (V.viii.19-20), meaning he was not born of a woman. Finally Macbeth shows his complete transition into a mind of greed when told the news his wife is dead by suicide. Macbeth shows his greedy nature by replying “She should have died hereafter; There would have been a time for such word” (V.v.19-20). He explains that his wife should have died later when he would have time to mourn her. He does not care about her death, he only cares about his self centered needs. Throughout the last scene of the play, Macbeth has ultimately lost everything. He lost his wife, his power, his kingdom, and his
While Macduff is Macbeth’s main enemy, there is no reason for Macbeth to kill Macduff’s family. Macbeth’s mind becomes overrun with paranoia and fear after receiving another prophecy from the witches, foretelling his demise in the Birnham Woods. His neuroticism invades his mind, leaving little to no room for rational thinking. This is evident through Macbeth’s hallucination of Banquo’s ghost. After killing both Banquo and Duncan, Macbeth is now comfortable with murder and other heinous acts, such as lying. By stating, “Unsafe the while, that we / Must lave our honours in these flattering streams, / And make our faces visards to our hearts, / Disguising what they are” (Shakespeare III. ii. 93-96), Macbeth chooses to lie to his guests, concealing the true whereabouts of Banquo. Again, Shakespeare utilizes the word ‘heart’ to highlight Macbeth’s emotions. Macbeth’s heart becomes corrupt with power and avarice, thereby allowing him to commit more heinous acts. However, due to his underlying guilt, Macbeth conjures up a vision of Banquo’s ghost sitting on his throne. This becomes a physical representation of Macbeth’s culpability of
premeditated violence. Many of these gruesome acts happen at night. These incidents of tragedy have a major affect on the main characters. and their actions in the past. Macbeth also contains many images of sleep.
Macbeth is frightened by the Banquo’s ghost and says, “let the earth hide thee” (3,4) at the banquet. The illusion indicates that his guilt establishes the collapse of his mental stability. Indeed, Macbeth has been processed by paranoia since he believes Banquo comes back for revenging and threaten is everywhere that even from the dead. Therefore, these reasons lead to reinforces his ambition for keeping his reign. Macbeth’s mental state deteriorates continually, he seeks out the prophecies from the witches again for retaining his crown. He sees several illusions with their own message. These hallucinations prove Macbeth’s mental deterioration. Besides, the witches lure him away further from his conscience. They let him believes that he is undefeatable which develops his insane. Macbeth’s mental health crumble completely that he is able to do evil deeds in order to feed his own greed. Macbeth sends murders to slaughter Macduff’s entire family, even include the innocent children. Macbeth sinks deeper into insanity. He determinates to kill Macduff’s family for eliminating threats to his power because of an evil prophecy. At this point, he is consumed by ambition and willing to do anything in order to maintain his
Macbeth is one of Shakespeare's problem plays which have puzzled the critics all over the years. It is compact and full of significant scenes, and it has two important characters, Macbeth and his wife. It is a clear study of human nature, which I personally think Shakespeare had mastered. The final act opens with the sleepwalking scene and this scene is of great significance because it reveals the true nature of lady Macbeth. Lady Macbeth is one of the enigmatic characters. Once she is a woman made out of steel and suddenly she collapses; she returns to be a gentle wife. The sleepwalking scene also shows lady Macbeth as a complementary character to her husband.