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Steve Jobs: the Man Who Thought Different Chapter 12 summary
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Being contrarian
Every human being has an inbuilt desire of being liked or accepted. Many times we tend to be with the majority rather than being singled out. Howsoever we may be convinced within ourselves against the idea/proposal, we fail in mustering the courage to go against the tide. Why does it happen? Do we seek support from the group/crowd to back our point of view? Who are those who dare to put forward their point of view knowing well it may not find favour with those proposing it? Answer to these questions and psychology behind it lead to this article.
The reason why we aspire to be with group/leader rather being seen against is first and foremost our basic human need of being liked and accepted. As Maslow figured out it is part
The one who conform unthinkingly to the usual practices or standards of a group or society. This no way suggests that it is wrong being a conformist. Rather in societal set up it is appropriate and is required for smooth running of social life. But it is advantageous to have contrarians at workplace to give a challenge to existing practices. To have positive disruptions and create fresh thoughts/processes of workplace rules/productivity, contrarian thoughts often create new possibilities. The world renowned contrarians such as Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Mohammad Ali and Steve Jobs have changed the
Further contrarian thought also believes that it’s always the great people, not great job descriptions that make organisations successful.
The spoken words have magical impact on workforce as each human mind has deepest desire of being addressed or spoken to. It helps in inspiring the teams and touching their emotional chord. Hierarchy rules of top down approach, may not find favour with contrarians. They know the meaning of getting the feedback at the ground.
Often organizational rules will require you to be firm and display such behaviour. Contrarian thought will say to avoid unnecessary humiliation of one who is already a defeated opponent. Being a supervisor or head of department, contrarian thought do suggest showing that you indeed work for those who are working for you and believe in investing your time and energy in helping them to
Conformist is defined by an individual that follows the rules of society. They maintain the “right” way to succeed and work hard to reach those goals. Albert is the greatest example of a conformist from the book. Albert is dedicated to researching the condom usage among prostitutes but does so in the right manner. After being turned down a time or two, she finally got the opportunity to advance her knowledge. Instead of choosing deviant acts in order to obtain the information she was looking for, her patience, motivation, and hard work paid off in the end.
There are a lot of people that might disagree and argue with me. Some people might argue that being a leader is boring and can be embracing, why not fit in with society. However, I know from personal experience that not fitting in and being yourself can be really fun, and it can be embracing at first but you have to get over that and then its fun. Some people might ever like you more than what you were pretending to be, and may even follow you and be themselves. Everyone has tried to conform once in their life and I see it everyday, so I want you to pay attention and look for people changing and
There are always people who, in a group, come out with better qualities to be a leader than others. The strongest people however, become the greater influences which the others decide to follow. However, sometimes the strongest person is not the best choice. Authors often show how humans select this stronger person to give an understanding of the different powers that people can posses over others.
“Social conformity has been practiced in societies around the world since ancient times,” and the reason it is so effective is that humans have an inherent need to be accepted as part of a group (Sadat). Furthermore, Hossna Sadat reports that:
The astute reader may notice that this review does not include any papers that did not find a false consensus effect. The reason for this is not that this paper is not representative of the literature, but rather, that it is. The uniformity of the literature suggests that the phenomenon is fairly common. Some interesting arguments as to why this is are motivational or cognitive in nature. The motivational premise is based in the idea that people are motivated to believe that they have a place in their social environment. This argument is a based in self-justification, in that if many people share a given belief or behavior, it makes it easier to justify that this attitude or behavior is either right, or not as bad as it might seem.
Conformity, or going along with the crowd, is a unique phenomenon that manifests itself in our thoughts and behaviors. It’s quite simple to identify countless examples of the power of conformity in virtually all aspects of social life. Conformity influences our opinions and relationships with others, often to a higher extent than we realize. It is posited that people generally conform to the group in order to fit in and avoid rejection or because they truly believe the group is more knowledgeable than they are. After analyzing numerous studies and experiments on the nature of conformity, one will find that the motive of social acceptance is the greatest driver of conformity.
“Conformity is a form of social influence that involves a change in behavior or belief so that one can fit in with a certain group” (McLeod). Such a change is a response to imagined (which involves the pressure of expectations or social norms) or real (which involves the presence of others) group pressure. Another definition of conformity can be “yielding to group pressures”. Group pressure can take many forms, for example persuasion, teasing, bullying, criticism etc. Conformity is also referred to as group pressure or majority influence. The term conformity is mostly used to show an agreement to the position of the majority, and this is brought about by either by the desire to be liked or to fit in, or just to match a social role. The aim of this paper is to argue that conformity is among people because they always live in groups-work groups, family, political, religious and social groups. At the same instance, they are adjusted to obey authority. A conformist mentality makes it easy for people to be influenced by others.
Leaders will often separate in-group and out-group members based on similarities of the group member and the leader. Other characteristics that can play into it are age, gender, or even a member’s personality. A member can be granted in-group status if the leader thinks the member is competent and is going above and beyond to perform the job functions. As mentioned the two groups that members can fall into are in-group and out-group. In-group members are those that share similarities with the leader. Those similarities can be personality, work ethic, common interests, or even alma maters. In-group members often go above and beyond their job description and the leader does more for these members. In-group members will have their opinions and work ideas looked at in higher regard than out-group members. In-group members typically have higher job satisfaction within the group and are less likely to experience turnover. In-group members are often promoted within the organization f...
To what extent do those around us affect the way we think; they we perceive a situation; or they way we form our prerogatives? There are many different trains of thought, some of which are adopted, others of which are taken into account based on experience and periods of introspection, but there is one that lies with it, a fundamental difference in comparison to others: the group mind. To which it involves several individuals, a group mind is in essence, a collective following to a set of beliefs and/or practices, usually brought together through forms of social pressure and preconceived notions of moral obligation. Furthermore, these groups are often characterized by the absence of individualism and a sense of obliviousness towards how their unspoken rules influences their view of the world as a whole. Moreover, group minds also involve social pressures, often enticing some to forsake their opinions to fit the given status quo of the group. Indeed, humans are social creatures that want to feel as if their participation in a group has value, but without the awareness of how social pressures affect their ability to make decisions and how one can overcome such pressure, they are nothing more but mental toxins, or in other words, group minds.
It is one of the most difficult challenges anyone can face, and one that for some cultures could result in very harsh consequences. Stating an opinion that does not relate to the majority’s opinion can be a very frightening experience, yet at the same time be a very refreshing, calming experience. The Spiral of Silence theory, created by Elizabeth Noelle-Neumann, explains why people fear to express their opinions when their opinion does not match that of the majority’s. Her research and discoveries will be discussed as well as those that did not feel that her theory was adequate to explain such phenomena as the Spiral of Silence Theory consists of.
Let´s focus on communication, specifically listening. , As employees each of you have a leadership role based on your positions. In these positions you are required to take instructions, present guidance, make decisions, and implement policy. If you cannot listen effectively, you will miss critical instructions, mislead guidance, make less informed decisions, and hopefully never implement the wrong policies.
Several factors affect conformity. The larger the group, the more likely people are to conform, although this effect levels off at around seven group members. If there is even one dissenter in a group other than the participant, conformity drops dramatically. If the participant is in face-to-face contact with the group, he or she is more likely to conform. And finally, the more ambiguous the solution to the problem, the more likely the participant is to conform to others’ opinions (McLeod,
It is this capability of the management to cultivate communication that is important towards effective engagement with the employee (Albrech, 2011). It is not just a one-sided affair of a company engaging employee, but also mutual loop where the employee is also engaging the company. After all, it takes two hands to clap. “Voice must be approached in a genuine and authentic way, and treated as more than just a cosmetic exercise. An authentic use of voice means that when the employee is invited to speak up, the company in return will both listen and will respond to what the employee says, even if just to explain why they cannot carry out a request for change. Feedback is vital and action must be seen to follow.” (Dromey et al, 2012, p.17).
Well for me, I noticed that, whether it was deciding where to hangout with my friends, saying yes just to not start a disagreement. Or in class when my opinions differ sometimes I just go along with what everyone else is saying so I’m not left out. I would have to identify myself as a conformist in this context. It intrigued me to write about how people can be so easily led into pushing down their own beliefs to agree with everyone else in a social setting or private group. In other words Conformity is when a person changes their view on something or their behavior in certain ways to fit in with the particular group norm. It could be anywhere, whether in class or at work during a meeting. Factors that can influence feelings of certain pressure and insecurity can lead to conformity. Group size also plays an important role. The influence can decrease if there are more than 3-4
Colin Wilson once said, "The Average man is a conformist, accepting miseries and disasters with the stoicism of a cow standing in the rain." A conformist is a person who conforms to accepted behavior or established practices. That means someone who follows others, whether it is about decision making or their attitude. In today 's society I would say that most of the people are conformist, this includes both teenagers and adults. Being a conformist in my opinion can be bad and good for various reasons. If the attitude of the specific person has changed for the better, such as a snobby boy/girl becoming more respectful, that it definitely a positive change. Other people can change their attitude for