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Compare and contrast creation myths
Compare and contrast creation myths
Compare and contrast creation myths
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The common motif for the Mesopotamian and Icelandic creation myth are “the world parent”, “a war in heaven” and “the creation of earthly matter from the body of the first mother”, ( The World of Myth, Page 19). In the Mesopotamian story the world parents are Apsu, who is primordial freshwater, and Tiamat, the great saltwater body, they created land. Lahmu and Lahamu led to the first family Anshar and Kishar with their son Anu, which later led to his family. Ea and his brother killed Apsu and angered Tiamat causing her to create a monster for revenge. The Icelandic creation myth the world parents are Muspell in the south, the place of fire and Niflheim in the north, is the place of ice and snow. Where the climates met there was melting ice
which created the evil frost-giant Ymir, which later created a family of frost giants. “From the melting ice of the center a cow called Audumla was born” (The World of Myth, page 32), she gave birth to Buri and his son Bor married Bestla. Bestla gave birth to three gods Odin, Vili, and Ve, they hated Ymir and they killed her. Both myths start with the parents’ who started family’s end up killing some kind of monster which would be the war in heaven. After they kill the monsters they make the earthly matters out of the first mother. The significant of the similarity is that the Icelandic myth was written years later than the Mesopotamian myth; the Icelandic possible took the ideas from the Mesopotamian’s and changed the story up a little bit to make it their own. This is why there are the similar motifs and story’s the difference in the two is mostly the names and that they aren’t completely the same story, but they do start with the world parents, have a war in heaven and create the world with a motherly body.
Have you ever wonder how the universe was created? Some people believe in the Earth creation by the Supreme Being, some believe in the scientific explanation of Big Bang explosion theory. Every civilization in the world has its own story of how things are created. Each story reflects how people see and think the world at their time. In this essay, I am going to compare two myths of how man was created – the creation tale of Mohawk Tribe and the Hebrew Bible creation story. There are a lot of similarities as well as differences between these legends. While some differences between the two tales are the development of the stories and the meaning behind the stories, the similarities between them is the concept of creationism.
The strange Greeks’ creation myth compares but also contrasts with the twisting storyline of the Iroquois’ creation myth. From creating the world from a piece of dirt and a turtle’s back, to giving birth to the earth, sea, and sky, these myths both include interesting stories and tales. The characters of the Greek creation myth are somewhat similar to those of the Iroquois’ myth, however, the story and explanations of them both differ greatly.
In the article “Genesis 1 and Ancient Egyptian Creation Myths,” researcher Gordon H. Johnston reiterates the conclusions that A. H. Sayce, A. S. Yahuda have reached about the comparisons of Genesis 1 and Egyptian creation myths (Johnston, 180). Johnston postulates that there are undoubtedly strong similarities and connections between Genesis 1 and Egyptian creation myths (Johnston, 180). Johnston noted that these earlier analyses were overlooked and not accepted due to various reasons; easily accessible Mesopotamian materials, the assumption that Genesis 1 should be classified as a Priest source, ignorance of the Hebrew bibles’ Egyptian origins, and misunderstanding of the Egyptians terminology when analyzing creation ideas (Johnston, 179).
The Maori myth is a Polynesian story about the creation of the universe which according to Rosenberg was different from other creation myths because it begins with nothing and then progresses through a process of “nonbeing to thought to the creation of the universe and human beings” (351). Even though it may be different because it goes from “nonbeing to thought” instead of nothingness to a spoken word or action, it has many similarities to other creation myths in how it explains the origins of the Gods and how each one represents a natural event or aspect of nature and humanity. The myth begins with an “idea” that “was remembered” and then “became conscious” and then “a wish to create”, all of which created a “power to live and to grow, even in emptiness” (352). At this point there was still no being, only thought and desire which gives the idea that what is being addressed are the human attributes of feeling, sensing, desire and thought, this is where this story is different from other creation myths.
Rosenberg, Donna. "The Creation of the Titans and the Gods." World Mythology. 3rd ed. Chicago: NTC/Contemporary Publishing Group, Inc., 1999. 82-89. Print.
For instance, the creation of world from a dark water abyss to a living world by Atum, an Egyptian deity exemplifies homogenous impression of creator god. According to Egyptian mythology, the spirit of creator was bounded by the primeval water as there was emptiness all over. The origin began with the emergence of Atum from primeval chaos in the form of a serpent. However, he was alone so he gave birth to the first divine couple. Then, the divine couple Shu and Tefenet gave birth to other gods and goddesses and the world was formed out of chaos (Willis 39). Considering the complexities of nature, humankind have considered that all of the resources including water, wind, land, and other things are created by none other than the creator. This indicates that some ideas are universal and inherited by all humans independent of their tradition. Moreover, Jung claimed that a part of human mind contained a collective unconsciousness shared by all human species. The phenomena of creation by Atum manifest the persona of creator god and it thereby establishes similarities that can be recognized by all humans regardless of their culture, ethnicity, or geographical
Myth, and the maintenance and recreation of the socio-cosmic order, is a seemingly paradoxical occurrence in religion, yet their relationship to one another becomes established as the evolution of belief flourishes and the intricate understanding of the cosmos coupled with the allegory of myth become increasing interlinked.
Most countries in the world have archetypes in their creation myths, even countries as distant from each other as Japan and Greece. Japan’s religion, Shinto, has stories about sibling marriages and casting deformed children away. Greek myths have similar plots in their stories. There are reasons why these two completely different cultures have similar stories. The next three paragraphs explain why there are archetypes and differences in creation myths of Japan and Greece.
Can religions and cultures be anything more than their history? Why do we have a concept of history in the first place? Obviously history exists, but like the human ability to conceive of the future, history seems to be a rare phenomenon tied with our ability for language and the telling of stories. What’s even more fascinating is the human ability to make up a history or to tell a story, such as a creation myth, that seeks to explain something that has not been witnessed by anyone and does not have any role in finding food or creating shelter. We do not have a physical need to know how the earth came to be or to know how it is that we came to be here. Still, creation stories exist in almost all human cultures and, amazingly, many share many of the same elements. The question is, why? Is it a coincidence that so many of them share the same elements? By looking at a comparison of two creation stories, we should be able to understand the meaning of these similarities better.
People of the ancient world often had questions about their existence and how life and people came to be on earth. Most ancient people answered these questions through religion. The Sumerians were the first important group of people to inhabit Mesopotamia and they were known to practice a form of worship called polytheism, which is the worship of several gods. Mesopotamians associated different gods with natural events, emotions, and other occurrences. Their main deities included An (the god of the heavens), Enlil (Lord Storm), Enki (god of wisdom), and Nihursaga (the mother of all living things)(p.22). The Mesopotamians believed that the gods controlled all of the events and occurrences in life. An ancient text called “Creation of Man by the Mother Goddess” (p.34) helps us understand how the M...
Norse Mythology Norse mythology has become prevalent in modern culture, but this is possible only due to the compilations and prior analyses that have been done. The way that many are exposed to Norse mythology today is through modern media, specifically films. Three such films that include major elements of Norse mythology are Thor directed by Kenneth Branagh, Thor: The Dark World directed by Alan Taylor, and Avengers directed by Joss Whedon. All three of these films are part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) and fit together into one story. These films also create a fairly complex, modern interpretation of Norse mythology that is complete with major characters and elements of Norse mythology, such as the nine realms and their names, and characters like Odin, Loki, Thor and Heimdall.
The Greek Creation Epic, The Metamorphoses by Publius Ovidius Naso (Ovid), describes the formation of the Earth and mankind in ex nihilo, the Latin phrase defined as “out of nothing”. Ovid’s Metamorphoses tells a story of Earth’s creations as a god transforms a natural object Chaos into Earth and then populating it with humans and animals. This famous Greek mythical creation story has its similarities and differences with other creation stories we’ve studied such as Enuma Elish, Gensis 1 & 2, Hesiod’s Theogony. The Metamorphoses relates to some of these stories because of their emphasis the creation of the world being formed from the power of a god rather than being formed from chaos. The Metamorphoses was originally written in Latin by Ovid
The story of creation is left up to the person you ask. Different cultures and societies have different stories about how the world was created, also known as creation myths. A creation myth is a story that shows how the world they lived in was created or how the first people came to inhabit it. It usually reflects their culture and beliefs. The Native Americans have very elaborate creation myths. Culture plays a big part in their creation myths. They used their views to make a creation myth that applied to their lives and values. Even though the Modoc and Lakota creation myths focus on respecting living creatures, the Ononadaga creation myth in contrast focuses on not giving up.
All cultures seek to explain how everything in this world was created. They come up with their own creation stories that describe the creation of themselves and the things around them. Most creation stories also attempt to explain mysterious phenomena, teach lessons to the listeners, and emphasize aspects of life that each culture finds important. The three creation stories that I chose to compare were the creation myths of the Mande, the African Bushmen, and the Egyptians. These creation stories, though extremely different do share some similarities.
Hundreds of years ago people did not have the technology to explain different forces of nature. They created gods, each with separate powers, to rule their domains. Some of the gods were merciful, some were wicked, and others were merely servants of more powerful gods. Looking at the gods, it is easy to tell what the civilization most valued. I am going to look at the Greek and the Norse gods to compare what was most important to their societies.