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Portrayal of women in greek mythology
Portrayal of women in greek mythology
The odyssey and heroism
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In the musical In the Heights, Usnavi always wanted to go back to Puerto Rico and see his birthplace to honor his parents. Throughout the Odyssey, Odysseus is focused on getting home to his family. He turns down riches and vast land for himself and focused on getting home. Therefore, the human condition is ruled by the need for family and home rather than greed and lust. For the duration of most of his journey home, Odysseus is with Calypso, a beautiful nymph; he spends the time there unhappy and longing to go home to Ithaca. For example, in book V, Athena notices Odysseus’ need to go home and pleads with Zeus to help him: “Meanwhile he lives and grieves upon that island / in thralldom to the nymph” (V, 15-16) Athena is a helping hand to Odysseus …show more content…
the rest of the journey home, from Calypso’s Island to his reinstatement as king of Ithaca. After she begs Zeus to help Odysseus, he sends Hermes to tell Calypso to let Odysseus leave. Hermes commands Calypso: “Now the command is: send him back in haste. / His life may not in exile go to waste. / His destiny, his homecoming, is at hand, / when he shall see his dearest, and walk on his own land.” (V, 118-121) She resists at first, but eventually falls in line and tells Odysseus he’s let go: “O forlorn man, be still. / Here you need grieve no more; you need not feel / your life consumed here” (V, 168-170) With this message, she admits that she believes that Odysseus is unhappy and wants to leave. Odysseus refuses to be unfaithful to his wife unless it will help him get home.
The Ancient Greeks believed that it’s more virtuous for women to stay faithful to their husband, while it didn’t really matter for the men. So, if a goddess/nymph wanted to keep Odysseus for a little bit in return for passage home, Odysseus agreed. For instance, Circe demands Odysseus to stay with her to which he replies: “‘Here in this house you turned my men to swine; / now it is I myself you hold, enticing / into your chamber, to your dangerous bed, / to take my manhood when you have me stripped. / I mount no bed of love with you upon it. / Or swear me first a great oath, if I do, / you’ll work no more enchantment to my harm.’” (X, 381-387) He refuses to be unfaithful to his wife but then realizes that he can use this to save his crew and get home safely. Odysseus made a deal with Circe that if he stays with her for a while, she’ll let them go. Another example is when King Alkinoos offered his daughter’s hand in marriage, or passage home: “seeing the man you are, seeing your thoughts / are my own thoughts--my daughter should be yours / and you my son-in-law, if you remained. / A home, lands, riches you should have from me / if you contented here. If not, / by Father Zeus, let none of our men hold you!” (VII, 334-339) But, Odysseus replies “O Father Zeus, let all this be fulfilled / as spoken by Alkinoos! Earth of harvests / remember him! Return me to my homeland!” (VII, 355-357) He turned down …show more content…
King Alkinoos’ offer of his lands and riches for his own home. During Odysseus’ long journey home, his main focus was getting home and being safe.
For example, while at Lotos Island after realizing that the Lotos being offered was interfering with the journey home he says, “‘All hands aboard; / come, clear the beach and no one taste / the Lotos, or you lose your hope of home.’” (IX, 117-119) He makes sure that nothing is going to slow down the journey back to Ithaca. Similarly, after Cyclops Island, his crew, now greatly diminished, is led by Odysseus back onto the ocean without mourning their murdered friends. “When the young Dawn with finger tips of rose / touched the world, I roused the men, gave orders / to man the ships, cast off the mooring lines; / and filing in to sit beside the rowlocks / oarsmen in line dipped oars in the grey sea. / So we moved out, sad in the vast offing, / having our precious lives, but not our friends.” (IX, 612-618) Odysseus realizes that they have to keep going despite his friends’
deaths. Human nature insists to find family and home before selfish gain. Odysseus proves throughout the Odyssey that he is determined to get to Ithaca back to his family. The same theme is apparent throughout the musical In the Heights; Usnavi’s main goal after winning the lottery is to fly to Puerto Rico and find his parent’s home with his abuela. A human’s instinct is to find familiarity and finding things that remind them of their family, friends, and home. If they are far away from anything familiar, then most get homesick. People are all so different, but they all have something in common: the need for a family and a home.
Once Odysseus has served enough time in a place against his will, he would be determined to leave that place. Odysseus’ journey towards home was now going to be able to be finished. For seven years Calypso held him prisoner on the island of Ogygia and he was determined to leave and see to the rest of his journey. Calypso agrees to let him go and she gives Odysseus some advice and guidance saying, "Only I will not aid [you] on [your] way, for I have no ships fitted with oars, nor crews to bear [you] over the broad oceanridges; but I will freely give [you] counsel and not hide how [you] may come unharmed to [your] own native land"(47). Calypso recognizes Odysseus’ greatness. Calypso says she will give some advice, but Odysseus will have to prove his greatness by making his own ship and understand how he will make it home.
He eventually went back home after twenty years of leaving. However, he had many adventures in between in his journey. At one point he was trapped- willingly- in an island with Calypso. They were together for nearly seven years. During the last few years, Odysseus had a change of heart and decided that he wanted to leave. When Calypso was ordered to let him go, he confessed, “Yet it is true, each day I long for home, long for the sight of home.” ( Homer, 893). This quotes shows that Odysseus doesn’t just want to leave the Calypso’s island, yet he want to go home. WHen he said “home”, he was talking about his wife, Penelope, and his son Telemachus. Odysseus shows the definition of nostos. He is away from home and he is looking forward to going back. He wants to go back to the comfort of his wife and child. He misses them and believes he will feel safe back at his home. His focus on his family and home give him courage to take the risky actions of traveling through the sea while the God, Poseidon hates
Athena aided Ody in his journey home by providing guidance and advice on difficult obstacles. She gives Odysseus a lot of advice on how to handle perilous obstacles. For example, Athena tells Odysseus to go home in a disguise. This is the reason that she transforms Odysseus back into a poor, shriveled beggar from a godlike man. The new disguise allows Odysseus to get home
The beginning of the Odyssey portrays the chaos in Ithaca and the uncertainty and turmoil of Odysseus family as they have longingly awaited his return. Book 5 finally introduces Odysseus and his captor Calypso. The beginning of the novel illustrates how Odysseus is torn between the charm and will of Calypso and the love and loyalty to the family he has left behind. Calypso is described as beautiful; her island as a virtual Eden and her home a magnificent palace that awes even the gods themselves. Before Hermes delivers the order to release Odysseus he gazes in wonder of Calypso’s abode.
In The Odyssey, Homer contrasts Odysseus and his native island of Ithaka with other characters and places that are perceived to be superhuman and subhuman as well as with the less than fully human. Throughout the course of this paper you will be introduced to a vast number of characters and several circumstances will be examined in order to answer the question of what it is to be human and fully human.
The sum of all human traits is defined as human nature, meaning the excuse for our vices, and the flaws of mortal life. In Homer's The Odyssey, the main character Odysseus demonstrates these flaws throughout his journey, constantly struggling through the eternal fight for realization of life and death, and is weighed down by the never ending power struggle of nature versus mankind.
In The Odyssey, Athena has an extensive and caring relationship with Odysseus. At the beginning of the poem, Athena pleads with her father Zeus to allow her to help Odysseus so he can go home to his family, saying, "But my own heart is broken for Odysseus." Later in the poem she again implores her father for help regarding Odysseus. When he is on the island of Kalypso, Athena tells Zeus that Odysseus "cannot stir, cannot fare homeward, for no ship is left him, fitted with oars-no crewmen or companions." Athena also aids Odysseus as he is sailing away from the islands, checking "the course of all the winds but one, commanding them, `Be quiet and go to sleep'." As Odysseus departs she protects him because it is her desire that he will return home safely after a long absence from his family. At the end of his voyage from the island of Kalypso, Odysseus is again blessed by the guidance of Athena. As he reaches the land he spots a "leaf-bed" and Athena "showered sleep that his distress should end, and soon, soon." It should also be noted that Homer often c...
... Odysseus has issues with accepting fate and destiny and moving on with the situation. Despite gaining this knowledge and being dismayed by these self-pitying comments of Achilles, Odysseus contemplates foolishly engaging his fate for battle.
... Odysseus' experience with Calypso reflects his strength and diligence, though he cries all day everyday. It is quite ironic. Calypso seems to represent womanly jealousy. She knows he has a wife waiting in Ithaca for him, yet she continues to retain him for her own selfish happiness. She seems to be a little unsure if she is greater in beauty than Penelope when she assures Odysseus that she exceeds Penelope by far in that area. It seems that she knew what his reply would be and merely wanted to hear it from his mouth.
His crew makes many mistakes as they traverse across the sea in their return to Ithaca. As they lay stranded and trapped upon the island of Helios, Eurylochos said. “All deaths are hateful to miserable mortals, but the most pitiable death of all is to starve” (144). Despite the warning from Odysseus that they will all be doomed should they kill any of the sacred cows upon the island, they fear the death without remembrance and honor much more so then they fear the potential wrath of the gods that Odysseus has spoken of. This recklessness stands as their final temptation the crew faced as it resulted in each of its members’ death but it was far from their only opportunity in which they
She is always spoken of respectfully and is remembered for her heroic deeds. She is not degraded like many of the other women Odysseus sees in the underworld. Everyone worships her and speaks about her achievements with great admiration; she is truly admired, but because she is a goddess. Athena has control over men that most women in The Odyssey do not. Women 's lives depend on what men think of them, on the other hand, men 's lives depend on Athena 's opinion of them. Athena is "Zeus ' virgin daughter" and no one has used her in that way. She is too important to be used as being an enjoyment for men; they depend on her for their own welfare. Another woman that plays a big role in this epic is Calypso. Calypso a nymph, a child of Zeus, and lives on an island in the middle of the ocean. One day Odysseus is sent to her by the god of the sea, Poseidon, because Poseidon was mad at Odysseus for blinding his son, the Cyclops. It is on this island that another woman is used as a sexual toy and is not thought of for her own achievements, but rather for her beauty, and the fact that she is the daughter of Zeus. Men in The Odyssey only value women who they can use for physical needs and wealth, such as the women in the underworld that Odysseus encounters, and Penelope. Homer shows us how men in The Odyssey consider women less important than men. The readers rarely hear of women throughout the book. When they do, they are shown
middle of paper ... ... In Homer’s Odyssey, both Odysseus and his son Telemachus embark on long, difficult journeys; Odysseus trying to return from Troy to his home in Ithaca, escaping Calypso and the island of Ogygia, and Telemachus from Ithaca to Pylos and Sparta in search of his lost father. While The Odyssey tells of the courage both men demonstrate during their respective travels, their quests are the results of the intentions and desires of gods. Odysseus is trapped in exile on Ogygia by the will of Poseidon, whose anger Odysseus attracts when he blinds the Cyclops Polyphemus, son of Poseidon, and by the love of Calypso, who wishes to make Odysseus her husband.
Although not as prominent as the roles of the Gods, Odysseus’ own actions do impact his journey home, even if it is only negatively. Odysseus is a proud man and at numerous points during The Odyssey his ego derails efforts to return to Ithaca. Perhaps this is clearest when Odysseus and his men land upon the island of Aeaea. Home to the beautiful goddess Circe, Odysseus and his men are initially oblivious to the perils of the enchanting island. After a band of Odysseus’ men are tricked and turned into pigs by the goddess, though, Odysseus is warned of a similar fate and subsequently confronts and threatens to kill the goddess. Instead, however, Circe begs to lie with Odysseus and even swears an oath insisting there is no more hidden mischief in store for Odysseus and his crew. While...
In The Odyssey, Odysseus's longing for his home and family is what drives the story. That is his one goal in the entire book, and that really states something about his character. In Book 5 we are first introduced to the character Odysseus. The strange thing is that he is weeping to himself when we first meet him. He is weeping because he pines for his family and home as stated in lines 327 and 328, 'Yet it is true, each day I long for home, long for the sight of home.'; As he plainly states, Odysseus greatly misses his home, and his tears show us just how much he misses it. In the duration of the story Odysseus has to make several sacrifices in order to get to the home he longs for so much. In Book 12, Circe foresees that Odysseus will have to let some of his men die. 'The Ithacans set off. But Odysseus never reveals to them Circe's last prophecy – that he will be the only survivor…'; This shows how much he's willing to do and...
“The Odyssey” is an epic poem that tells the story of Odysseus and the story of his many travels and adventures. The Odyssey tells the main character’s tale of his journey home to the island of Ithaca after spending ten years fighting in the Trojan War, and his adventures when he returns home and he is reunited with his family and close friends. This literary analysis will examine the story and its characters, relationships, major events, symbols and motifs, and literary devices.