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Role of espionage cold war
Intelligence in the cold war
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Throughout the course of history, wars have been fought with Nation-state’s armies. Along with traditional armies came along traditional intelligence gathering by the armies themselves. Throughout history much of the intelligence gathered was by both the army and private citizens. This is only the beginning. In the Post 9/11 world the need for intelligence gathering is far from being satisfied. This leaves a wide open gap in the system and to fill that gap many private agencies such as Stratfor, Global Strategies Group and iJET have moved in and started to fill. The question that seems to pop up from many places is the legal standing of these agencies and who exactly governs their activities? Is the answer to move more intelligence operations to the private sector?
The history of the private intelligence goes all the way back to the Civil war with Allan Pinkerton and his company Pinkerton National Detective Agency. Pinkerton provided these services to Abraham Lincoln. Ever since then the outsourcing of US intelligence services has been an option that is often used. Most generally speaking the type of intelligence that is often outsourced is the OSINT or better known as Open Source Intelligence. The often cited benefit of the contracting of intelligence operations to the private industry is that the private industry is a change from the highly centralized counterpart within the US government. After the 9/11 Commission report cited many problems within the current intelligence community congress set out to remedy the problem.
Congress’s answer to the problems set forth in the commission’s report was to expand the intelligence community to private contractors to fulfill the war time need for more intelligence. When this occurred ...
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...e Contracting Is Here to Stay » News & Publications » The Institute of World Politics. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Mar. 2014. .
Schultz, Norman O. "The Ethics of Business Intelligence." Journal of Business Ethics 13.4 (1994): 305-14. JSTOR. Web. 08 Apr. 2014. .
Williams, Steve, and Nancy Williams. The Profit Impact of Business Intelligence. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Morgan Kaufmann, 2007. Print
WILLINGHAM, BRIAN. "A Private Detective’s Approach to Intelligence Gathering [INFOGRAPHIC]." Diligentia Group Professional Private Investigator New York RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Mar. 2014. .
Guilford, CT: Dushkin/ McGraw-Hill, 1997. Chiatkin, Anton. A. Treason in America. Washington DC: Executive Intelligence. Review, a review of the book, Divine, Breen, Frederickson, and Williams. America Past and Present.
...ary 1997, Earl Edwin Pitts plead guilty on two counts of espionage. On 23 June, Earl Edwin Pitts was sentenced to 27 years in prison by a Federal judge who stated that the former agent was guilty of “the most egregious abuse of trust.” When asked why he spied, Pitts cited a number of grievances he had against the Federal Bureau of Investigations and stated that he “wanted to pay them back.” (12) This could have been prevented if the Federal Bureau of Investigations had a program similar to the Army’s TARP (Threat Awareness Reporting Program) to train fellow employees what to look for and how to report on espionage indicators. Another preventive measure would be to work with employees on job preferences to duty locations, If Earl Edwin Pitts would not have been transferred he would not have thought to get payback and the nations secrets would still be secure today.
?Espionage.? 2000-2004. The War to End All Wars. Michael Duffy. Original Material. Primary Documents Online.
For the American intelligence community, George Washington is considered the father of intelligence. The introduction of the intelligence concept and its application in some missions during the early days of America helped America’s Founding Fathers to succeed against t...
The Web. The Web. 8 Dec. 2011. http://criminaljusticeonlineblog.com/> http://criminaljusticeonlineblog.com/>. Kane, Sally. The “FBI Agent.”
...that had helped the United States to be one of the greatest counties that it is today. Within the agency, there was no communications where they kept information from each other. The CIA agency had no idea what they were doing in regards to central intelligence and they were compromised where the enemies knew about the attack before the attack was fully implemented. These examples prove that some leaders had some positive outcomes for the United States, but the agency from within could not stay united as well as keeping communications about what was going on in the world. I agree with Tim Weiner’s thesis that the United States is one of the greatest countries in the world, but we cannot seem to create a great and efficient spy service to benefit the United States.
...e community have had conflicting views and opposing agendas. Lack of cooperation and communication between intelligence agencies; such as the FBI and the CIA refusing to share information prior to the terrorist attacks of 2001, resulted in limited information and failure on the part of the intelligence community and policy decisions regarding US safeguards against terrorist.
Nedzi (D-Mich.), Luclen N. “Oversight or Overlook: Congress and the US Intelligence Agency.” A Congressman talk to the CIA senior seminar, November 14, 1979, https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/kent-csi/vol18no2/pdf/v18i2a02p.pdf (accessed January 7, 2014).
The C.I.A. has been in operation since the years of George Washington. Intelligence organizations have been gathering information from overseas for most of our countries history. Although there has been intelligence collection over the last hundreds of years for the government, the C.I.A. was just recently established as an official agency and at the same time, intelligence gathering was finally accepted during peace time. After World War II, the U.S. sought to establish a distinct intelligence gathering organization. After Pearl Harbor, the plans for the official C.I.A. where approved by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Before the C.I.A., the office of strategic services was in charge of espionage, sabotage and psychological warfare operations during the war. At that time peace time intelligence was considered unsavory. After the war President Truman tried to strengthen and promote peaceful intelligence gathering and sponsored the 1947 National Security Act to do so. The C.I.A. is designed for the purpose of intelligence gathering and analysis.
The CIA is one of the U.S. foreign inteligency agencies, responsible for getting and analyzing information about foreign government, corporations, individuals, and reporting such information to the various branches of the U.S. government. The State Department's Bureau or inteligence and reserch and theDefense Department'sdefense inteligence agency comprise the other two. Its headquarters is inLangley, Virginia, across the Potomac River from D.C. The Agency, created in 1947 by President Harry S. Trueman, is a descendant of the Office of stratigic Services(OSS) of World War 2. The OSS was dissolved in October 1945 but William J. Jonavan, the creator of the OSS, had submitted a proposal to President Roosevelt in 1944. He called for a new organization having direct Presidential supervision, "which will procure intelligence both by overt and covert methods and will at the same time provide intelligence guidance, determine national intelligence objectives, and correlate the intelligence material collected by all government agencies." Despite strong opposition from the military, the State Department, and the FBI, Truman established the Central Intelligence Group in January 1946. Later under the National Security Act of 1947, the National Security council and the Central Intelligence Agency were established.
Tidd, J. M. (2008). From revolution to reform: A brief history of U.S. intelligence. The SAIS
N/A. (2013). The World of the Private Investigator. Retrieved December 19, 2013, from www.detectivetraining.com: www.detectivetraining.com/lesson1html/
Companies have transformed technology from a supporting tool into a strategic weapon.”(Davenport, 2006) In business research, technology has become an essential means that many organizations use in their daily operations. According to the article, Analytics is a major technological tool used. It is described as “the extensive use of data, statistical and quantitative analysis, explanatory and predictive models, and fact-based management to drive decisions and actions."(Davenport, 2006) Data is compiled to enhance business practices. When samples are taken, they are used to examine research and understand how to solve problems or why situations are as they are. Furthermore, in this article, Thomas Davenport discusses analytics from a business standpoint. He refers to organizations that have been successful in their usage of data and statistical analysis. In addition, he also discusses how data and statistics can be vital in the efforts to improve the operations of businesses.
First of all, business intelligence analysis requires the capturing of information and storing in a single location for effective data analysis. Currently, data analysis is supported by transactional systems, business specific data marts, and other ad-hoc processes. Information is distributed making it difficult and time-consuming to access. Business teams have adapted to this environment by creating user maintained databases and manual “work-arounds” to support new types of reporting and analysis. This has resulted in inconsistent data, redundant data storage, significant resource use for maintenance, and inefficient response to changing business needs.
The dynamics of our society bring many challenges and opportunities to the business world. Within the last decade, hundreds of jobs have emerged particularly in the technology sector to help keep up with the ever-changing world and to compete on a larger and better scale than the competition. Two key job markets and the basis of this research paper are business intelligence or BI and data mining or DM. These two fields play a very important role in small to large companies and are becoming higher desired sectors within the back offices of the workplace. This paper will explore what the meaning of BI and DM really is, how they are used and what we can expect as workers and learners of the technology and business fields for the future.