Cecchetti, Stephen G. "Understanding the Great Depression: Lessons for Current Policy ." Monetary Economics (1997): 1-26.
This article is about the circumstances that led to the collapse of the economy in 1929. It relates to my research proposal because I am evaluating historic events that led to the financial crisis of 1929. The article discusses how deflation played an important role in expanding the depression, and how the Gold Standard, a monetary system in which a country’s government allows its currency unit to be freely converted into fixed amounts of gold and vice versa, was an extremely bad decision because it caused the dollar to lose its value. This source was informal because it discusses prehistoric events that led to the crash of and I love how the article discusses that the Federal Reserve played a key role in the failure of the stock market. The Federal Reserve supports any war the United States is involved.
Dominguez, Kathryn M., Ray C. Fair and Mathew D. Shapiro. "Forecasting The Depression: Harvard versus Yale." The American Economic Review (1988): 18.
This article is about economists from Harvard University and Yale University discussing whether the Great Depression was forecastable. This source relates to my topic because Harvard and Yale Economic Forecasting Services were the two economic and forecasting services available to business members and members of the public in the 1920’s. I like how this source involves the top Ivy League Schools to analyze what caused the financial crisis of 1929, why the financial crisis was caused, and how the financial crisis was led.
"FINANCIAL MARKETS: After the Stock Exchange Coltapse--Resemblances With Other Crises, and Differences." New York Times (1929).
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...iscusses that the price of a seat on the New York Stock Exchange was abnormally low. The sources discusses how the stock prices were rising dramatically and since the stock prices were rising , seat prices should have risen up during the boom of 1929. Instead, there was a negative correlation between stock prices and seat prices of approximately 20 percent, months before the crash. I like how this source is implementing the statistics of stocks of the New York Stock Exchange because it demonstrates one of the causes of the 1929 collapse. Brokers have anticipated the October 1929 crash, but the public heard no mention of it because brokers thought they can liquidate shares to save the market from collapsing.
Works Cited
http://www.amazon.com/1929-The-Year-Great-Crash/dp/0060160810
http://www.amazon.com/Why-Stock-Markets-Crash-Financial/dp/0691118507
The stock market crash of 1929 is one of the main causes of the Great Depression. Before the stock market crash many people bought on margin, which caused the stock market to become very unbalanced, which led to the crash. Many people had invested heavily in the stock market during the 1920’s. All of these people who invested in the stock market lost all the money they had, since they relied on the stock market so much. The stock market crash also played a more physiological role in causing the Great depression. More businesses became aware of the difficulties, which caused businesses to not expand and start new projects. This caused job insecurity and uncertainty in incomes for employees. The crash was also used as a symbol of the changing times. The crash lead the American peop...
Levine, Linda. “The Labor Market During the Great Depression and the Current Recession”. 19 June 2009. 6 March 2010. < http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40655_20090619.pdf>.
The stock market crash of 1929 is the primary event that led to the collapse of stability in the nation and ultimately paved the road to the Great Depression. The crash was a wide range of causes that varied throughout the prosperous times of the 1920’s. There were consumers buying on margin, too much faith in businesses and government, and most felt there were large expansions in the stock market. Because of all these...
Pindar, Ian. "The Forgotten Man: A New History of the Great Depression by Amity Shlaes." The Guardian, August 9, 2009.
During the 1920's America experienced an increase like no other. With the model T car, the assembly line, business skyrocketed. Thus, America's involvement in World War II did not begin with the attack on Pearl Harbor. Starting in October 1929, the Great Depression, the stock market crashed. It awed a country used to the excesses of the 1920's. These are the events that lead up to the crash.
"America's Great Depression and Roosevelt's New Deal."DPLA. Digital Public Library of America. Web. 20 Nov 2013. .
The Great Depression America 1929-1941 by Robert S. McElvaine covers many topics of American history during the "Great Depression" through 1941. The topic that I have selected to compare to the text of American, Past and Present, written by Robert A. Divine, T.H. Breen, George M. Frederickson and R. Hal Williams, is Herbert Hoover, the thirty-first president of the United States and America's president during the horrible "Great Depression".
Regardless, in regards to applying Keynesian economic policies toward the Great Depression, Former Federal Reserve Governor Ben S. Bernanke said “You 're right, we did it. We 're very sorry. … we won 't do it again” (Federal Reserve Board, 2002). Other economic theory must be developed to address some of the shortcomings of the Keynesian economic
Watkins, T.H.. The Great Depression: America in the 1930s. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1993.
Folsom, Burton. "Which Strategy Really Ended the Great Depression?" : The Freeman : Foundation for Economic Education. N.p., 24 Aug. 2011. Web. 12 May 2014.
In early 1928 the Dow Jones Average went from a low of 191 early in the year, to a high of 300 in December of 1928 and peaked at 381 in September of 1929. (1929…) It was anticipated that the increases in earnings and dividends would continue. (1929…) The price to earnings ratings rose from 10 to 12 to 20 and higher for the market’s favorite stocks. (1929…) Observers believed that stock market prices in the first 6 months of 1929 were high, while others saw them to be cheap. (1929…) On October 3rd, the Dow Jones Average began to drop, declining through the week of October 14th. (1929…)
Post the era of World War I, of all the countries it was only USA which was in win win situation. Both during and post war times, US economy has seen a boom in their income with massive trade between Europe and Germany. As a result, the 1920’s turned out to be a prosperous decade for Americans and this led to birth of mass investments in stock markets. With increased income after the war, a lot of investors purchased stocks on margins and with US Stock Exchange going manifold from 1921 to 1929, investors earned hefty returns during this time epriod which created a stock market bubble in USA. However, in order to stop increasing prices of Stock, the Federal Reserve raised the interest rate sof loanabel funds which depressed the interest sensitive spending in many industries and as a result a record fall in stocks of these companies were seen and ultimately the stock bubble was finally burst. The fall was so dramatic that stock prices were even below the margins which investors had deposited with their brokers. As a reuslt, not only investor but even the brokerage firms went insolvent. Withing 2 days of 15-16 th October, Dow Jones fell by 33% and the event was referred to Great Crash of 1929. Thus with investors going insolvent, a major shock was seen in American aggregate demand. Consumer Purchase of durable goods and business investment fell sharply after the stock market crash. As a result, businesses experienced stock piling of their inventories and real output fell rapidly in 1929 and throughout 1930 in United States.
...e excessive speculation in the late 1920's kept the stock market artificially high, but inevitably led to the big crash. Overproduction may have seemed like a good idea but in the long really hurt the U.S. as the farm industry fell, workers fired, and purchasing levels across the country were at all time lows. These speculators combined with the overproduction and the maldistribution of wealth, caused the American economy to crash. Today, our government still argues over who should have the nation’s wealth and even if the wealthier should pay higher taxes then the less wealthy. Some could argue that the government should of utilized laissez faire and kept there hands off of the people’s business and let the people work things out on there own. Either way, the country did a very good job of making changes and not letting anything get as worse as it was in the 1920’s.
"Great Depression in the United States." Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2001. CD-ROM. 2001 ed. Microsoft Corporation. 2001
The US government’s role in the Great Depression has been very controversy. Different hypothesizes argued differently on the causes of the Great depression and whether the New Deal introduced by the government and President Roosevelt helped United States got out of the depression. I would argue that even though not the only factor, the US government did lead the country into the Great Depression and the New Deal actually delayed the recovery process. I will discuss five different factors (stock market crash, bank failure, tariff and tax cut, consumer spending and agriculture) that are commonly accepted to cause the depression and how the government linked to them. Furthermore, I will try to show how the government prolonged the depression in the United States by introducing the New Deal.