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DNA profiling law enforcement pros and cons
How effective is dna profiling in criminal investigations
The cons of using dna in crimiNAL COURT
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The Tremendous Potential of DNA Fingerprinting
Abstract; This paper explors the effects DNA fingerprinting has had on the trial courts and legal institutions. Judge Joseph Harris states that it is the "single greatest advance in the search for truth since the advent of the cross examination (Gest, 1988)." And I tend to agree with Judge Joseph's assertion, but with the invention and implementation of DNA profiling and technology has come numerous problems. This paper will explore: how DNA evidence was introduced into the trial courts, the effects of DNA evidence on the jury system and the future of DNA evidence in the trial courts.
Any new technology being introduced into the scientific community is ususally received with great skepticism. Billings states " The use of fingerprinting for identification purposes was developed early in this century and has gained widespread acceptance. After its introduction, 20 years passed before the technique had been widely studied and validated, at least enough to gain general judicial acceptance (2)." DNA like fingerprinting was not initially widely excepted in either the judicial or scientific communities. The Frye standard though has been used to effectively introduce "novel" scientific evidence like DNA evidence into the trial courts.
Baird states " Frye was a 1923 Washington DC case which disallowed the admissibility of polygraph(lie detector) evidence (62)." The Frye standard states:
Just when a scientific principle or discovery crosses the line between the experimental and demonstratable stages is difficult to define. Somewhere in this twilight zone the evidential forces of the principle must be recognized and while courts will go a long way in ad...
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...is apparently here to say.
Works Cited
Billings, Paul R. DNA on Trial: Genetic Identification and Criminal Justice. California: Cold Spring Laboratory Press, 1992.
Cornelius, Ronda. "DNA-Evidence Finagling Delays Trials." Missourian
"DNA Evidence Gaining More Acceptance." USA Today August 1995 15.
Easteal, McCleod, and Reed. DNA Profiling: Principles, Pitfalls and Potential. Switzerland: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1991.
Gest, Ted. " DNA "Fingerprinting " is Facing a Major Legal Challenge from Defense Attorneys and Civil Libertarians."
U.S. News & World Report 31 October 1988.
Kolata, Gina. "DNA Tests Provide Key to Cell Doors for Some Wrongly Convicted Inmates." The New York Times
5 August 1994: A20.
Saltus, Richard. "DNA Fingerprinting: Its A Chance Of Probabilties." The Boston Globe 22 August 1994: 25.
“DNA Testing and the Death Penalty.” ACLU: American Civil Liberties Union. 3 Oct. 2011. Web. 22 April 2014.
Thompson, W. C. (1996). DNA Evidence in the O.J. Simpson Trial. University of Colorado Law Review, 827-857.
Nicola Berkovic brings to her reader’s attention individual’s assumptions associated in the accuracy of DNA evidence. Berkovic writes that a lack of knowledge in relations to DNA evidence could be resulting in fallacious convictions, creating a requirement for protection within the legal justice system to further develop. Berkovic, along with Professor Field and many legal experts agree that it is vital for Jurors, judges and lawyers to become extensively educated in the understanding of DNA technology.
The Simple DNA Test Libby Copeland, author of "Who was she? A DNA test only opened new mysteries," uses many different literary elements to inform the readers of The Washington Post of what taking a "simple" DNA test can do to you and your family. Copeland uses Alice Collins Plebuch and a few others’ stories and discoveries to secure the point clearly. Exposition, tone, and repetition are just a few those elements.
Rentschler, Carrie A. & Co. “Victims' Rights and the Struggle Over Crime in the Media.” Canadian Journal of Communication 32.2 (2007): 219-39. Stevens, Aaron P. “Arresting Crime: Expanding the Scope of DNA Databases in America.” Texas Law Review 79.4 (2001): 921-60.
-The main advantage that Sirius Xm satellite radio has over its competitors are the commercial free programs that they offer. Most of us think that terrestrial radio is free of charge, not thinking of all the time we consume listening to the commercial. We pay these radios with our time. On the other hand most of the incomes of Sirius Xm comes from its listeners, not from advertisers, making it possible for them to avoid commercials. We believe that commercial-free programs are a very important key
Leo, R. A., & Thomas, G. C. (1998). The Miranda Debate: Law, Justice, and Policing. In R. A. Leo, & G. C. Thomas, The Miranda Debate: Law, Justice, and Policing (p. 343). Boston, Massachusetts: Northeastern University Press.
The National DNA Index (NDIS) contains over 8,483,906 offender profiles and 324,318 forensic profiles as of June 2010 (Federal Bureau of Investigations, 2010). It has been suggested by Froomkin, a Senior Washington Correspondent, that the FBI is “shifting its resources from forensics to feeding the database” (Froomkin, 2010). This dramatic shift curtails some of the benefits of the CODIS application to the criminal justice system, as the backlogs of DNA samples increase and the statutes of limitations grow nearer and nearer on unsolved crimes.
Prime, Raymond J., and Jonathan Newman. "The Impact of DNA on Policing: Past, Present, and
SIRIUS is going to target rural America as their primary market due to the lack of FM radio stations. XM does not want to compete in the rural America market because there are better consumer segments available. The research projected that Tech-Seekers and Tech-Friendly have the largest growth among other segments.
The theory of DNA, simply stated, is that an individual’s genetic information is unique, with the exception of identical twins, and that it “definitively links biological evidence such as blood, semen, hair and tissue to a single individual” (Saferstein, 2013). This theory has been generally accepted since the mid-80s throughout the scientific community and hence, pursuant to the 1923 Frye ruling, also deemed admissible evidence throughout our justice system.
Jasanoff, S. (1998). The Eye of Everyman: Witnessing DNA in the Simpson Trial. Social Studies Of Science (Sage Publications, Ltd.), 28(5/6), 713.
Sirius faces competition for both listeners and advertising dollars. In addition to pre-recorded entertainment purchased or paying in cars, homes and using portable players, Sirius competes most directly with the following providers of radio or other audio services:
Singer, Julie A. "The Impact Of Dna And Other Technology On The Criminal Justice System: Improvements And Complications."Albany Law Journal Of Science & Technology 17.(2007): 87. LexisNexis Academic: Law Reviews. Web. 10 Mar. 2014.
the Use of DNA Evidence to Establish Innocence After Trial. National Institute of Justice, 10, 15. Retrieved from, https://www.ncjrs.gov/