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History of BBC
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Recommended: History of BBC
The Formation and Development of BBC Radio
Text Box:
The BBC was established as a private corporation in October 1922,
funded through a broadcast receiving licence fee plus ten per cent of
the revenue generated from the sale of radio receivers. The service
was an immediate success, with over a million licences sold by the
Post Office before regular daily transmissions began. Within three
years around 85 per cent of the population was able to receive the
broadcasts, which consisted of a variety of entertainment for all ages
as prescribed in the broadcasting licence. News broadcasts were banned
by the government until after 7pm because of pressure from the
powerful Newspaper Proprietors Association, whose members viewed the
new medium as a threat to their circulation. In addition, regulation
required that all news bulletins were to be purchased from selected
news agencies. With the granting of the royal Charter the restrictions
were relaxed slightly and the BBC was allowed to broadcast a limited
news service during the day.
a) Producing its own programs:
The advantages:
When BBC producing its own programs by depending on it self it
will categorize as a creative organization and the programs
and will gain more power full in the media. This will help BBC to
demand more on its internal environment or it interval community.
Any program in BBC creates it own work by it self and it will not be
needed for waiting any organization to make the scaguall for its
programs.
Text Box: On the other hand, BBC will make a strong value to the
social UK society and its uniformity (saving UK traditions and
beliefs)...
... middle of paper ...
... a national broadcaster along
with the other main UK broadcasters- is hampering its efforts to
exploit its programmes on the world market. The British tradition for
commissioning in series of six to ten programmes is against the
majority of potential foreign buyers needs of 26, making British
series difficult to sell over seas. While this is beginning to change,
government regulations requiring a proportion of programmes to be made
in the region also holds back exports, as international viewers find
them difficult to understand. The British media industry as a whole
has failed to exploit new markets, allowing others to gain access. The
arrival of satellite and cable channels in the UK created a great
hunger for content that was eventually filled by US broadcasters on
account of the failure of UK broadcasters to supply.
The chart depicted below shows the scope and sequence plan for a 200-hour Information and Software Technology (IST) course. The course covers the syllabus as prescribed by the Board of Studies, New South Wales ("Information and Software Technology Years 7–10: Syllabus", 2003, p. 15-30).This course covers the following optional topics: 1) Digital Media, 2) Database Design, 3) Software Development & Programming and 4) Internet & Website Development. The projects or tasks associated with the optional topics incorporate the core topics listed below: C1- Design Produce and Evaluate, C2-Data Handling, C3-Hardware, C4- Issues, C5-Past, Current and Emerging Technologies, C6-People, and C7-Software. The prefix C1-C7 identifies the core topic and would be used in the chart to the show the link between the course and the prescribed syllabus Wales ("Information and Software Technology Years 7–10: Advice on Programming and Assessment", 2003, p. 6). The expected outcomes are listed as numerical identifiers of stage 5 outcomes taken from the Information and Software Technology Years 7–10: Syllabus (2003, p. 12-13) document. For example, outcome 5.2.1 in term1 of year 9 points to “describes and applies problem-solving processes when creating solutions” of stage 5 outcomes (Information and Software Technology Years 7–10: Syllabus, 2003).
1. The movie, Radio, is based at Hanna High School in Anderson, South Carolina. It is about this young, colored, mentally disabled man that stumbles across his local town’s football teams ball. He picks up the ball, and it catches the eye of the teams coach, who later befriends him. The next day, the coach, Harold Jones, comes to find his players mistreating the man, who they had tied up and put in a school supply shed. This leads to lots of running of the team. Radio becomes a part of the team, which upsets some people, and early on, Radio isn 't treated well.
Radio waves were first discovered in 1887, but radio itself was initially invented by Italian Guglielmo Marconi in 1895 (1). His biggest mentioned success was in 1901, when he managed to broadcast the letter “S” across the Atlantic Ocean (1). However, he focused primarily on point-to-point transmissions, not large scale broadcasts from one point (F). As such, three American inventors - Lee De Forest, Edwin Howard Armstrong, and David Sarnoff - took credit for making radio as it is today a success (F). De Forest was born and raised in Alabama and he thought of everything in terms of patents and eventually held more than 300, but many claimed that he simply stole the inventions of others (2). In 1900, he patented a device to enhance weak signals and in 1902, he formed the De Forest Wireless Telegraph Company (1). In the same year. Reginald Fessenden, a Canadian, invented the “electrolytic detector”, which later became the spade detector that brought De Forest so much fame (F). In 1904, John Fleming invented the oscillation valve, which later became De Forest’s audion, and De Forest won the gold medal at the St. Louis World’s Fair for his “spade detector” (F). De Forest gained quite a bit of fame by broadcasting music live from the Eiffel Tower and from the Metropolitan Opera; however, many believed that this was a scam and that he had actually had the device broadcasting the signal only a few blocks away (F). In 1906, he envisioned bringing music and voices to all American households, but as it turns out Canadian inventor Fessenden had already broadcasted a Christmas greeting and music to the crew of a ship off the coast of Canada on Christmas Eve a year earlier (F). In 1912, Armstrong became prominent by inventing regeneration, wh...
Good morning, Sioux City. This is Adam Lewis and you are tuned to KL&R on this delightful March 3rd for all your news so you’ll know what’s going on.
Thesis: Though Britain’s victory in World War II was due to international alliances, radio propaganda was a primary factor in the nation’s success and economic endurance throughout the war.
On the brink of the war, Germany needed hit the ground running or risk being defeated by the opponent. After Hitler became Head Chancellor of Nazi Germany, Joseph Goebbels was promoted to Reich Minister of Propaganda. Goebbels was greatly respected by his Germans and government officials after his service in the German military. It was observed as, “He (Goebbels) came as a fighter who had proved himself against the French, separatists and Communists in three years in the Rhine and Ruhr areas. He came without support; he had to build his own support.” Goebbels was viewed as a brilliant war hero who had all the answers to make Germany the most powerful country in the world. His popularity and image made him a suitable candidate to run the Ministry of Propaganda. In addition, Goebbels’ actions perfectly reflected the attitudes preached by Nazi Germany. The Third Reich was gaining momentum and it was all due to the active spread of Nazi propaganda. Nazi Germany was willing to go to any length to not only unite the German people to support the war, but also to use propaganda against the enemy directly. Newspapers, posters, rallies, and education of youth were a few ways Goebbels and the German Ministry of Propaganda spread their thoughts; however, nothing was as effective and important to the propagandist movement as radio. Radio was a revolutionary propaganda tool, to say the least, because it turned out to be the fastest, easiest, and most manipulative form of communication to shape the attitudes of the German people. The Third Reich did not intend to simply spread their propagandist thoughts to manipulate the German people. The bigger goal was to use radio as a psychological and strategic weapon of war, exponentially increasing the...
Hidden Truths in The Enormous Radio John Cheever’s "The Enormous Radio" represents the enormous amount of hidden truths in American society in the 1940s. The problems with society during this time were hidden behind a facade of goodness; however, this false innocence becomes visible through the radio owned by the Westcotts. The radio causes the Westcotts to evolve from an innocent, naive pair who believe that everything they see is real, into individuals who realize that appearances are deceiving. Cheever develops the motif of innocence by details like Irene’s "wide, fine forehead upon which nothing at all had been written" (817). However, it also includes the fact that Irene "wore a coat of patch skins dyed to resemble mink" (817).
Many authors use the personification of inanimate objects to symbolize the feelings and expressions of their characters. One example of this is in John Cheever’s short story, "The Enormous Radio." Although critics argue that the characteristics of the radio are the opposite of those of Jim and Irene Westcott, the radio actually reflects the couple’s life.
The Robin Hoods of the nineteen thirties were barely even heroic at all. First marked as rebellious people, they showed that even in loss there is still a spark of hope. Then things twisted for the worse, killing machines were made and all hope was lost.
Propaganda played an important role before and throughout World War II. It helped accelerate the development of the war and hastened actually fighting. It also played a crucial role in individual countries in increasing production and helping the war effort. Without propaganda, it is doubtless that the war would have taken a different course.
The radio grew in popularity and was as successful as it was because it was able to reach all across the nation, helped the American people interpret the Great Depression, and was a universal place of communication and entertainment. Although the first radio-wave theorem was developed in 1864 by James Clerk Maxwell, it was not until the 1920s and 1930s that the device really gained popularity in the U.S. During the Great Depression, families, advertisers, and even politicians used the radio for purposes such as entertainment, news, and a forum to the American people.1
Radio-wave technology is one of the most important technologies used by man. It has forever changed the United States and the world, and will continue to do so in the future. Radio has been a communications medium, a recreational device, and many other things to us. When British physicist James Clerk Maxwell published his theory of electromagnetic waves in 1873, he probably never could have envisioned the sorts of things that would come of such a principle. His theory mainly had to do with light waves, but fifteen years later, a German physicist named Heinrich Hertz was able to electrically generate MaxwellÕs ÒraysÓ in his lab. The discovery of these amazing properties, the later invention of a working wireless radio, and the resulting technology have been instrumental to AmericaÕs move into the Information Age. The invention of radio is commonly credited to Guglielmo Marconi, who, starting in 1895, developed the first ÒwirelessÓ radio transmitter and receiver. Working at home with no support from his father, but plenty from his mother, Marconi improved upon the experiments and equipment of Hertz and others working on radio transmission. He created a better radio wave detector or cohere and connected it to an early type of antenna. With the help of his brothers and some of the neighborhood boys he was able to send wireless telegraph messages over short distances. By 1899 he had established a wireless communications link between England and France that had the ability to operate under any weather conditions. He had sent trans-Atlantic messages by late 1901, and later won the Nobel prize for physics in 1909. Radio works in a very complicated way, but hereÕs a more simple explanation than youÕll get from most books: Electromagnetic waves of different wavelengths are produced by the transmitter, and modulations within each wavelength are adjusted to carry ÒencodedÓ information. The receiver, tuned to read the frequency the transmitter is sending on, then takes the encoded information (carried within the wave modulations), and translates it back into the sensory input originally transmitted. Many of the men who pioneered radio had designs for it. Marconi saw it as the best communication system and envisioned instant world-wide communication through the air. David Sarnoff ( later the head of RCA and NBC) had a vision of Òa radio receiver in every homeÓ in 1916, although the real potential of radio wasnÕt realized until after World War I.
Impact of the Radio The invention of the radio had an immense impact, revolutionizing the unity of society. “I live in a strictly rural community, and people here speak of ‘The Radio’ in the large sense, with an over-meaning,” said E.B. White in 1933. “When they say ‘The Radio’ they don’t mean a cabinet, an electrical phenomenon, or a man in a studio, they refer to a pervading and somewhat godlike presence which has come into their lives and homes” (Lewis). The radio became a mighty weapon whose power involved spreading ideas to millions of listeners, who may otherwise never have heard those inspirational messages. Religious fanatics used to stand at the back of churches shouting radical nonsense, while others would ignore it.
Being able to construct media in an intelligent way is crucial to becoming prosperous in my field. While, it is not possible to ever obtain “perfect media literacy,” it is achievable to improve your level of media literacy thus to be a wiser media user (Pavlik). As described by Emine Sur, Ünal Emre, and Iseri Kamil:
During the increase in popularity of radio, Arthur Edwin Kennelly said (1926) "through radio I look forward to a United States of the World. Radio is standardizing the peoples of the Earth, English will become the universal language because it is predominantly the language of the ether. The most important aspect of radio is its sociological influence." Kennelly was foreseeing the potential power and impact that radio would soon come to have. By the late twenties, we would see radio become quite the sensation in the household, and this sensation would continue to prosper even through the Great Depression with aid of soap operas and popular programs such as the Lone Ranger. Radio would see a decrease in popularity during the rise of the television. Eventually, radio would find itself a niche in the media market, allowing it to continue to prosper. This would be due to the help of Frequency Modulation radio broadcasting and localization. Radio stations were now able to offer more local content than radio, touching on local news, weather, and advertisements for local businesses all at a higher sound quality. That joined with a symbiotic relationship with the recording industry and the start of formatted radio programs, the two industries were set to last for almost another fifty years (Adams, n.d.).