Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Full analysis of animal communication
Full analysis of animal communication
Full analysis of animal communication
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Full analysis of animal communication
Creatures on earth use various ways to communicate. Animals frequently using sound as a signal consist with messages they want to send. Although the human language uses lots of arbitrary symbols, and human language is passed from generation to generation, there are several successful cases of training other animals to use human language. Whether or not animals are able to use human language is a controversial topic. In my opinion, an ape does use language, this essay will discuss five human language features(dual articulation, semanticity, productivity, learnability and feedback)and, find out how design features appear in several chimpanzee experiments, especially Allen and Beatrice 's experiment of teaching sign language to chimpanzee.
Many
…show more content…
For example, chimpanzee Washoe made her own sign language 'tickle ', the description is based on ALS 'touch '(Allen & Beatrice, 1969) and chimpanzee Sarah, who use the chimp shaped plastic token to represent herself and, she think a small red square token means banana. Scientists also found that chimpanzees do produce multi-word sequences. In Washoe 's sign language experiment, she used sign language that as 'gimme tickle ' which means come and tickle me as well as 'open food drink ' which means open the fridge. Washoe and Sarah has limited language productivity, and from linguists research humans tend to reuse the same simple phrases all the time, we are not actually employing this productive potential of our …show more content…
In Kellogg 's experiment, Gua was given special daily training to say the word “pa-pa”, and they recorded the process of how she pronounce these syllables, 'she was laid face upward upon the experimenter 's lap while she slowly and distinctly uttered the syllables pa-pa '(Withrop & Luella 1933,
He claimed that since chimpanzees naturally used a gestural form of communication it made sense that they would also be able to learn sign language. Gestural forms of communication would have likely been used by our common ancestor as well. However, once the larynx migrated in our throat, and our tongues became more mobile, it allowed us to create complex sounds for spoken language. Evolutionarily speaking, these traits were likely selected for genetic changes to better our language skills to survive. The ability to exchange ideas provides greater
9. Research on the language capabilities of apes clearly demonstrates that they have the capacity to:
Chimpanzees make tools and use them to procure foods and for social exhibitions; they have refined hunting tactics requiring collaboration, influence and rank; they are status cognizant, calculating and capable of trickery; they can learn to use symbols and understand facets of human language including some interpersonal composition, concepts of number and numerical sequence and they are proficient in spontaneous preparation for a future state or event.
In the early stage of human life, an infant who is in their mother’s womb has already experienced communicating their language through actions by responding to their mother’s voice by kicking. Hence communicating their language will then expand from just limited actions to words as they develop throughout the years. And the four structural Language components; phonology, semantics, grammar and pragmatics will be involved during the stages of their language development and these components are significantly supported by the roles of nature and nurture. Fellowes & Oakley (2014, p. 21) ‘The phonological component of language comprises the various sounds that are used in speaking.
The prehistoric times stand evidence to the power of language as a tool for communication and growth. Language has proven to be an effective medium and factor surrounding the evolution of man. Language has played a big role in the development of individuals and societies. What is spoken and/or written, help in the initiation of imagination, expression of feelings, and conveyance of thoughts and ideas. “The pen is mightier than the sword” (Bulwer-Lytton 1839).
All primates have the same sensation and are capable of receiving excessive amounts of information. All senses, sight, smell, taste, hearing, and touch are essential to the development, survival, and overall well-being of living primates. It is fascinating how non-human primates, without language, can communicate in the same ways as human primates, with language. Non-human primates and human primates are highly developed mammals that possess many of the same communicative characteristics, but still differ greatly. Non-human primates fit into the category of not having language, but being able to communicate.
“Tool use is rare in animals, and the chimpanzees stand out as the most proficient tool users besides humans” (Boesh, Boesch-Achermann18). Some debate has taken place between researchers regarding how these chimpanzees learn to use these tools and whether or not there is a difference between wild chimps and captive chimp’s tool use. Some theories say that chimps do not actively teach or are taught, but rather learn by observation, trial, and error; as stated in the article Thinking Like a Chimpanzee by Jon Cohen. This article also suggests that some reaserchers do believe that chimps do poses the capability to be taught and understand what they are learning.
Seyfarth R.M., Cheney D.L. and Marler P. (1980). Vervet monkey alarm calls: Semantic communication in a free-ranging primate. Animal Behaviour 28/4: 1070-1094
I chose the topic of Nicaraguan Sign Language because it sounded interesting and Burling only briefly mentioned it in the book. I had no idea the importance of studying Nicaraguan Sign Language or the implications it has for the origin of language. I have learned more than I ever thought I would about language as a whole and wish there was a way for linguistics to confirm how language actually developed. Goldin-Meadow’s article complimented The Talking Ape’s main points and expanded upon Burling’s brief mention of Nicaraguan Sign Language. The one point of contention is one that I implied from Senghas’s research, not Goldin-Meadow’s analysis. The fact that deaf children create grammatically complex homesigns with consistent syntax and a wide variety of vocab without anyone to directly communicate with them in their own language, directly goes against Burling’s rejection of a completely innate Universal Grammar, in my
Monkey see, monkey do. Apes have always been thought to have an increased level of intelligence. Over the years, researchers have attempted to understand the degree of intelligence these primates possess. However, it is essential to understand the definition of intelligence in order to determine the amount of intelligence primates have. Intelligence is the capability of obtaining knowledge and being able to utilize it in everyday situations. There are many hypotheses that focus on the evolution of intelligence in primates that view a number of factors including brain size and modernism. Primate intelligence has been a topic of interest to many because it will allow us to further understand the close relationship between humans and primates. Additionally, we will be able to understand the difference between human and primate cognition. Some studies suggest that the human and primate brains possess many similarities. This demonstrates why primates tend to respond to stimuli in a manner that is closely related to humans. Researchers have conducted a number of studies in an effort to understand primate cognition.
Common chimpanzees are a specie of the apes and the evidence shown in their traits show that they are related to humans. Chimpanzees are covered in black hair except for their faces, ears, palms of their hands, and the soles of their feet. Both males and females chimps have a white beard and young chimps may have a whiter complexion compared to the older chimps. As the males and females chimps age, their forehead is often bald and their back becomes gray. The size and appearance of chimpanzees can vary, but male chimpanzees are often larger than the females. Chimpanzees are either swinging on trees or knuckle walking on the ground.
Valeri worked with N.B., a kindergarten student, that has childhood apraxia. The twenty-minute session took place in the speech room because N.B. is easily distracted when the sessions are in her classroom. During their session, Valeri used the Nancy Kaufman Approach (K-SLP) program cards and Connect Four game to work on producing each sound together. N.B. can say most of those sounds in isolation, but has difficulty when putting the sounds together. The focus was working on consonant-vowel sounds together. The vowel sound /ē/ with a different consonant at the beginning. Valeri would prompt N.B. using different visual cues like making a puff motion nearing the mouth when working on /p/, or pulling down a sign language b for the /b/ sound. N.B.
In the last few decades, the notion of language and brain has been highlighted in different scientific fields such as: neurology, cognitive science, linguistics biology, technology and finally education.
A great debate whether the phonetic approach or whole language approach should be used in the classroom has been occurring since the early nineteen thirties, and there has not been a definite decision on which approach should be used to teach in the classroom. To understand this debate, one must first understand the differences between whole language and phonics learning.
The Features of Written Language and Speech In English language there are two different ways of actually presenting language. These are written language and speech. These two factors of speech both include many different features between themselves. These features are mostly opposite to each other as they are completely different ways of presenting language. Written language is structured into paragraphs unlike general speech which is hardly thought about before being said and is flowing naturally.