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Since the 20th century, researchers have sought out solutions to help assist families and the individual components that make up family systems overcome the challenges and schisms that can inhibit individuation and stability. Two theoretical perspectives, the family-systems theory and the family-development theory, were conceived to gain as Balswick & Balswick (2014) noted, gain “a wide-angle view of family life” (p. 22). Though these two theories have merit, one I found to be more advantageous in gaining a better understanding of the family as an actively metastasizing organism, which needs to be approached more adaptively. First, we must understand what each theory encompasses and then examine the varying benefits and incompetencies each reveals. In the realm of family-systems theory, we find that, “individuals cannot be understood in isolation from one another, but rather as a part of their family, as the family is an emotional unit. Families …show more content…
159). And in the case of family-development theory, the family is viewed through eight distinct, yet sequential stages which includes the premarital, marital dyad through to the retirement milestone. With this developmental theory, the family must succeed in achieving a significant benchmark before they can move onto the next level. For example, when a dyad gives birth to a child, they then move into the triad stage with the major task being that they will need to adjust to the new child before they can move onto the next stage as a completed family. Therefore, there are initiating events that move us into the next stages and major tasks to work through while in the varying
In understanding others, one must first understand our own family background and how it affects our understanding of the world. Conversely, family systems draw on the view of the family as an emotional unit. Under system thinking, one evaluates the parts of the systems in relation to the whole meaning behavior becomes informed by and inseparable from the functioning of one’s family of origin. These ideas show that individuals have a hard time separating from the family and the network of relationships. With a deeper comprehension of the family of origin helps with the challenges and awareness of normalized human behaviors. When interviewing and analyzing the family of origin, allow one to look at their own family of origin
Becvar, D. S., & Becvar, R. J. (1999). Systems theory and family systems (2 ed.). Lanham, NY: University Press of America.
According to Richard Charles (2001) “the effectiveness of family systems theory rests not much on empirical research but on clinical reports of positive treatment outcomes, the personal benefits experienced by the families that underwent this kind of treatment, and the elegance of Bowen’s theory” (p. 279). Bowen’s family systems theory views the family as an emotional unit and is a theory of human behavior. Systems thinking is used to describe the complex interactions in the unit. However, the client’s ability to differentiate himself/herself from the family of origin is the basis for Bowen’s family systems theory. In addition, the primary focus for growth within the emotional system is differentiation of self.
This paper will examine sociological theories and how they relate to the social institution of the family. We typically view society as a group of people, but in sociology, society is not a group of people but a social organization. People are molded by society to fit within the accepted societal bounds. Society must be understood using “the meanings that people put on their values and beliefs” (Bartle, 2010). Within sociology there are three major perspectives. These are the Functionalist, Conflict and Interactionist Perspectives. Each perspective views society in different manners, with each being correct and relevant since social institutions are too complex to be defined by any one theory. Each perspective will be used to explain the perspectives’ relevance to the family.
The Family Systems Theory, a brain child of Murray Bowen is designed around the idea that no human exists alone, ether as a person or biological entity (McCune, 2009). The basis of the theory is that relationships are triangular. When this system is within equilibria limits two lines on the sides of each triangle are in harmony and one line is in conflict. This is the basis for what Fine and Fincham refer to as the triadic relationship. The triadic relationship, most commonly involves a father, mother, and child, with traditional division of labor roles. In this type of relationship interaction is at the most, but equilibrium is not achievable when one member is removed and the relationship becomes dyadic. In the normal family systems theory, the triadic relationship often exists at equilibrium when the mother and father are in conflict with each other, so
In the Olson family, John the main provider of the home lost his job and he was not being able to accommodate to his new role of being unemployed. Based on the lecture (2015), one of the assumptions on Family Development Theory is that individuals in families will experience changes over time. In John’s situation, losing his job, and losing his daughter changed his development. According to Smith and Hamon (2012), Family Development Theory has shown that transitions in life provide the opportunity to confront change. They explained that transitions cause role changes in the life of individuals (Smith and Hamon 2012). In John’s situation, he experienced a transition from being the well-educated husband with a great job, to become a stay home husband who is unemployed. In an ideal world, John’s life transition should have been that he became the manager of the company where he was working. However, when the transition of his life took the wrong shift, John’s situation became complicated because he was not ready for such a drastic transition. He was not mentally ready to take the roll of his wife. Smith and Hamon (2012) point out that people have choices on how they respond to transitions; they can respond to transitions as a way to find new horizons or they can take a negative approach. John found his transition as a difficult time of his life; he was not able to accommodate to his new
My motivation to research, discover, and stimulate social change is rooted in my childhood experiences. As a young child I grew up in a household filled with domestic violence, which ultimately ended with the suicide of my father. I subsequently came to know a variation of the typical American nuclear family: a single parent household. As I began to study family dynamics further, I was able to see my life experiences in a broader context. In hindsight, I now realize the impact and weight my own mother had on my personal development. It was through her strength, determination, and optimism that I was able to find the spark within myself to set goals and dreams for my future. She encouraged me never to accept anything at face value, including the way our society attempts to define my womanhood. As a result of this, I now question American culture’s classification of a ‘successful’ family and the factors that determine a ‘stable’ family.
Duvall’s Family Development and Life Cycle Theory states that families follow a predictive and individual process of development that is dependent on the family’s circumstances and interactions. Though families today are more diverse than in the past, this theory still guides nursing approaches because it examines families’ experiences and how they adapt when becoming parents (Rowe Kaakinen, Padgett Coehlo, Steele, and Tabacco, 2015). In this discussion, I will choose one of the development tasks from Duvall’s theory and discuss how I would apply it to a family in my nursing practice.
The stages of the family life-cycle schema of family development is based on the information drawn from Barnhill and Longo (1978), Becvar and Becvar (1999), Carter and McGoldrick (1980), and of Duvall (1962). It tells us of the stages in the family life cycle and the developmental issues related to each stage. It consists of the following nine stages: Stage 1) Unattached adult; Stage 2) Newly married adults; Stage 3) Childbearing adults; Stage 4) Pre-school age child; Stage 5) School-age child; Stage 6) Teenage child; Stage 7) Launching centre; Stage 8) Middle-aged adults; Stage 9) Retired adults. It is important to note that between each stage there is a transitional period where each family member is required to change. Each member in each life-cycle stage has certain developmental tasks to fulfill for a healthy family structure to
Patterns such as multigenerational patterns, triangle patterns, and emotional cutoff patterns all help one break down the family system and understand why the family interacts the way they do. With Bowen, family interaction is broken down and studied to understand family functions. After the family function is understood, Bowen then moves on to treating the family for best optimal functionality. Bowen’s Theory allows therapist to best understand how families function, by watching their behaviors, intergenerational patterns, and differentiation levels to allow him to best treat the family and get them back to a optimal functionality system.
Each family unit exhibits concepts and themes found within Bowen’s Family System Theory. In my family unit, I see the following concepts and themes from a family system theory perspective exhibited through my genogram; boundaries, levels of differentiation, family projection process, and emotional cutoff. Each of these will be expanded on further below:
Bowen believed the family was an emotional unit. He hypothesized that all emotional problems occur within a single continuum of functioning. The family best develops when anxiety is low and parents have a good origin of emotional contact with family. The systems theory explains wholeness, self-organization, relationships, and interactions between parts. Pattern recognition in one part of the family system will cause changes throughout the family system is regulated by both positive and negative feedback to maintain and equilibrium in the family. Bowen believed that everyone is grounded in the natural systems theory that draws from biological and natural sciences based on principle of self-organization, repetition, and formation of patterns
According to Mental Health Professional Michelle Blessing, “there is no right or wrong answers when it comes to what is the best type of family structure. As long as a family is filled with love and support for one another, it tends to be successful and thrive. Families need to do what is best for each other and themselves, and that can be achieved in almost any unit” (Blessing). Families offer companionship, security, and a measure of protection against an often uncaring world, but family structure has undergone significant changes since World War II. Variations in family structure are now plentiful -- and yet often still quite successful. Whatever the family situation, whatever the familial structure, it will have tremendous and unique influence upon the child’s happiness, development, and future.
Sociologists look at society from either a macro or micro view and the theories that define their work are based on those perspectives. There are several family theories that we learned about this semester. Briefly, Structural-Functionalism and Conflict Theory are “macro” theories in sociology. Structural-Functionalism sees society as a living machine made up of different parts which work together for the good of society. Individuals, as well as Institutions work together, and the family is the key to the well-functioning machine. Emile Durkheim, considered the Father of Sociology argues social solidarity, where people do the right thing, create harmony and have shared values. According to Durkheim the nuclear family is the only type of institution that can achieve that. Conflict Theory sees society as a pyramid with those at the top having more power and influence than those at the bottom. Males in society have more power than females. There is a power imbalance, which could lead to oppression o...
The family life cycle goes through stages that is important to the development and growth in the cycle. The family cycle experiences independence, intimacy, marriage, parenting, the empty nest syndrome and the retirement stage. The family life cycle in some families is not always easy or runs smoothly; however, in each stage there will be challenges. These challenges allow the family to develop new skills and gain deeper perspectives that will help them to work through all the changes the family will go through.