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Negative effects of cloning
Pro and con statements on cloning
Human cloning ethical issue
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Imagine this, it is a beautiful sunny afternoon so you decide to go for a walk, as you are walking, you see a woman holding the hand of her small daughter, but there seems to be something odd about the child. She’s a miniature version of her mother. You wonder how that could be, how can a child turn out to be just the same as her mother? The simple answer, you have just seen a clone. According to the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs of the American Medical Association, cloning is defined as, “the production of genetically identical organisms via somatic cell nuclear transfer.” This, in simpler terms, means that cloning is the creation of identical organisms by taking the nucleus of an existing cell and placing it into another cell, one in which the nucleus has been removed. According to Dr. Elizabeth Mitchell, scientists are currently cloning human embryos and using them to conduct tests and research, and eventually end up killing the embryo (answeresingenesis.org). This act of cloning humans is unethical and should not be done, for a variety of reasons.
There are many physical harms caused by cloning. Some of these harms include an array of illnesses that come along with cloning. Another one of the harms is waste. This may seem like a strange way to say it, but the fact of the matter is that many of the embryos being cloned today are being killed and therefor, wasted. According to the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs of the American Medical Association, “There have been countless demises among amphibians, lambs, and mice.” (ama-assn.org). Another source says that this is also true about human embryos. Dr. Elizabeth Mitchell states in her article, Human Clones: Created to Die, that, “Human beings, even IVF (in vitro...
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... the clone lives and if clones got to be very widespread they could potentially impact the gene pool. Needless to say, the cons definitely outweigh the pros and the impact clones would have on the everyday life of society would not be our greatest worry.
Works Cited
Mitchell, Dr. Elizabeth. "Human Clones: Created To Die." - Answers in Genesis. N.p., 30 May 2013. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. .
Logston, Amy. "THE ETHICS OF HUMAN CLONING." THE ETHICS OF HUMAN CLONING. N.p.,13 Jan. 1999. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. .
American Medical Association, Council of the. "The Ethics of Human Cloning." American Medical Association. N.p., 1 June 1999. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. https://download.ama -assn.org/resources/doc/ethics/x-pub/report98.pdf
"(261)". We can not undo what has been discovered and we must ensure that all countries involved with cloning form a committee to monitor the uses of this technology to ensure that it is used in the best interest of mankind. Works Cited Bishop, Michael J. - "The 'Bishop'" The "Enemies of Promise" The Presence of Others. C Comp. Andrea A. Lunsford and John J. Ruskiewicz.
Technology is radically changing and improving every single year, with new advances and inventions all the time. However, with all these changes and developments in technology, there are also a series of problems and ethical issues that it may impose on society. In the scientific fiction novel written by Nancy Farmer, The House of the Scorpion, Farmer introduces the idea of a society where technology is used incorrectly and to a person’s own advantage. The House of the Scorpion brings up a variety of moral and ethical issues, mainly cloning and technology used for all the immoral purposes. In an article written by Elizabeth Landau, "Cloning Used to Make Stem Cells from Adult Humans," she explores how our modern day world and scientists have finally developed a method of deriving stem cells from a person’s own cloned cells. In the future, with greater technology and research, it may be possible to create a complete clone of a person. Technology may be very useful and efficient, but if used incorrectly, it can cause drastic effects and problems for all of mankind. Farmer’s novel The House of the Scorpion and Landau’s article, "Cloning Used to Make Stem Cells from Adult Humans," explains the future in cloning with newer technologies, and possible concerns that may arise from it.
Cloning (asexual reproduction) is the production of individuals who are genetically identical to an already existing individual. The procedure is called somatic cell nuclear transfer. Scientists take a mature, unfertilized egg and remove its nucleus. Next, they, introduce a nucleus obtained from a specialized (somatic) cell of an adult organism. Once the egg begins to divide, they transfer the embryo into woman's uterus to initiate a pregnancy. Since almost all the hereditary material of a cell is contained within its nucleus, the re-nucleated eggs are genetically identical to the organism that was the source of the transferred nucleus (Kass, 2001). The genetically identical individual is called the clone and could be produced by nuclear transfer. Any person, living or deceased could be cloned, and in any number. Due to the fact that cloning requires no personal involvement on the part of the person whose genetic material is used, cloning could be completed without a person’s consent. This would be a threat to reproductive freedom, according to Kass.
It would be horrible to clone people because we all are design by the nature, and if we take matter at our hands, it will make unbalance, not that it is already.
In order to strongly argue against cloning, there must be an understanding of its process and what exactly it is. Simply stated, a clone is a duplicate just like a photocopy. A good example of such “copies” that occur are identical twins, which are duplicates of each other. “The first step of DNA cloning is to isolate a complete gene and is to chromosomal sequences and then to gradually begin flaking the chromosomal sequences of a single DAN molecule. Then the DNA clone can be electronically labeled and used as a probe to isolate the chromosomal sequences from a collection of different types of genes, which should contain cloned sequences that would represent the whole gene. This action will produce new sets of cloned cells identical to the mother cell. The new set of cells are isolated and likewise the simplified process is repeated all over again until the cells form a complete organ. In order to produce a complete organism the DNA must be altered in a variety of way to come out with the finished product to be the complete organism.” In simple terms, a cell is taken from a donor woman. Then an unfertilized egg is taken from a second woman. The DNA from the cell is removed and transferred to the egg. The egg is then implanted into a surrogate mother. The resulting baby is genetically identical to the original donor.
First, reproductive cloning is incompatible with human dignity and individuality. Cloned people lack originality and are merely copies of what we already have. This would result in a society with people who are essentially the same or extremely alike. Can we feel safe and free knowing that somewhere in the world, there is a person who is your copy? Probably not because feelings like uncertainty and anxiety may start to show. Humans are meant to be unique with his or her own o...
In order to have a legitimate argument for the reasoning why cloning is or is not acceptable it is important first to be understand what exactly the topic is about. The first thing that must be understood is that there are actually different types of cloning that serve different purposes because each type focuses on a specific goal. The first area of cloning is DNA cloning which is the copying of genes to better understand how they work and find cures for genetic malfunctions. DNA cloning is, perhaps, the oldest of the three types of cloning with it being around since the 1970’s (Cloning Fact Sheet, 2009). This form of cloning is the most widely accepted form since it does not cross into the realm of human cloning which is one of the largest debates that exists. One of the things that DNA cloning can accomplish is curing genetic malfunctions, by placing a cloned copy of the correct gene into the body via a virus that will replicate in the body and there for take the place of the faulty genes. H...
Cloning is the process of manipulating DNA and embryonic stem cells to create an identical living organism. The purpose of cloning is to find medical treatments and to reduce human suffering (Rosalyn). Is it wrong? Is it disrespectful toward nature itself? According to Sir John Gordon, cloning is not as playing God it is simply copying “what nature has already produced” (Gordon). This new development established a series of debates because if there are technologies that enable humans to artificially create mammal, sooner or later the same process will be performed on human. This points to the question, should human cloning be banned? (Cloning: An Overview). Even though there are numerous critics who believe human cloning violates human dignity, there should be an acceptance because it can be a solution to those who are affected with various diseases, it is essential for understanding our ancestors or other prehistoric species, and it benefits parents who lost their beloved children, or those who cannot have children.
Human cloning would certainly lead to social harm. If an individual led a distraught or irresponsible life, would the clone be inclined to follow in his footsteps? Because of negative publicity, this clone may already be on the road to destruction prior to even becoming a clone. Would you want to be the clone of Hannibal, who devoured his victims after he murdered them? Cloning would also lessen the worth of an individual and diminish the respect for life.
Cloning is defined as the process of asexually producing a group of cells, all genetically identical, from a single ancestor (College Library, 2006).” Cloning should be banned all around the world for many reasons, including the risks to the thing that is being cloned, cloning reduces genetic differences and finally it is not ethical. Almost every clone has mysteriously died even before they are born.
John A. Robertson’s article “Human Cloning and the Challenge of Regulation” raises three important reasons on why there shouldn’t be a ban on Human Cloning but that it should be regulated. Couples who are infertile might choose to clone one of the partners instead of using sperm, eggs, or embryo’s from anonymous donors. In conventional in vitro fertilization, doctors attempt to start with many ova, fertilize each with sperm and implant all of them in the woman's womb in the hope that one will result in pregnancy. (Robertson) But some women can only supply a single egg. Through the use of embryo cloning, that egg might be divisible into, say 8 zygotes for implanting. The chance of those women becoming pregnant would be much greater. (Kassirer) Secondly, it would benefit a couple at high risk of having offspring with a genetic disease choose weather to risk the birth of an affected child. (Robertson) Parents who are known to be at risk of passing a genetic defect to a child could make use of cloning. A fertilized ovum could be cloned, and the duplicate tested for the disease or disorder. If the clone were free of genetic defects, then the other clone would be as well. Then this could be implanted in the woman and allowed to mature to term. (Heyd) Thirdly, it would be used to obtain tissue or organs...
Human cloning is also unethical. Cloning, especially therapeutic cloning, requires the use of human embryos. Using these embryos would mean killing unborn children. Therapeutic cloning begins by removing the stem cells from an embryo (Human Cloning). The stem cells are used to grow bone, nerve, and muscle tissue. In the process of therapeutic cloning, an embryo, or a baby in the early stages of development, is taken and parts of it are grown to develop parts of the body including organs and limbs (Human Cloning). Removing these stem cells would kill the embryo. The embryo, which would result in a child if left in the mother’s womb, is separated into parts, which are used for science.
It is not a natural process done by human beings, and I believe that it is wrong. Somerville states, “We need to keep in mind that, in several respects including the ethical one, we are facing probably the most powerful and potentially dangerous situation” (Somerville). It is believed that human cloning can't be justified because of the potential risks to the child, specifically the physical risks, as it is a risk of handicapped or injured children being born. Additionally, is the psychological aspect and harm, by taking away the sense of “individuality and personal autonomy” (Somerville). We as human have rights and we all deserve them equally no matter the
Wachbroit, Robert. The. “Human Cloning Isn’t as Scary as it Sounds.” The Washington Post, 2 March 1997.
Cloning ought to be avoided as it is an abnormal style of living, along with clones being retained from the outside of their boundaries, and the fact that their future is set up for them no matter how they may feel about