The Effects Of Air Pollution On Human Health

1. The 2008 Olympics in Beijing, China brought to issue the effects of air pollution on human health. A) How might a person with increased cardiovascular risk be affected by exercising in a polluted environment. B) Can anti-oxidant supplement help at risk and athletes alike to perform in polluted environment?

Air pollution refers to the concentration of harmful chemicals that have been added to the atmosphere. Such as emission in the environment, usually from heavy traffic, power generated industry and coal smoke. Large amounts of these chemicals may be harmful and can impact public health (Lu et al., 2015).

Without including exercise and simply breathing those gases on a regular basis can cause serious health problems, but when exercise is

Sport or recreational diving can create several changes in the human body due to hyperbaric conditions. A) Explain what a hyperbaric environment is and how the nervous system can be altered. B) What effect might diving have on hormones.

A hyperbaric condition is a vessel in which patient’s breath a hundred percent oxygen to treat various medical conditions at pressures greater than normal atmospheric pressure. In this environment there is an increase in the pressure of gases that is in the para nasal sinus, respiratory tract, GI tract and the gas dissolved in body fluids (Fumio, 2016).

While being in a hyperbaric environment the central nervous system as well as the whole body can be affected. Central nervous system oxygen toxicity can occur at the high end of pO2 exposure at about 1.6 atm (Rabrenović et al., 2015). The end result could be a diver might experience an epileptic- like convolution which can cause them to drown. A few signs and symptoms of gas toxicity is a diver might experience tunnel vision, ringing of the ears, nausea, and twitching. The best way to reduce or postpone CNS oxygen toxicity is to have air breaks. It is recommended that taking an air break every 20 minutes may be beneficial (Fumio,

Microgravity induces several skeletomuscular adaptations which upon return to earth can A) Describe at least two adaptations that occur in the skeletal or muscular system. B) What would microgravity do to the structure and function of ligaments/tendons? C) How would you design a space unit to wear to prevent deterioration of the skeletomuscular system?

Microgravity simply refer to the loss of gravity which can either be in space or stimulated space. The musculoskeletal system is particularly affected during this condition. Muscle atrophy results primarily from decreased protein synthesis (Hu et al., 2014). Thus while in space there could be a reduction of protein synthesis for up to 50% within several hours which can lead to loss of muscle protein (Fitts et al., 2001). Microgravity also results on bone mineral loss of about 4% of weight bearing bones. This affect can be due to a loss of calcium in urine and feces while in space. With prolonged exposure to microgravity individuals are at a higher risk of kidney stones and bone fractures (Hu et al.,