The Dialectic of Desire in the Films of Nicholas Ray
Nicholas Ray's films frequently address a competition between a 'father' and 'son' (whether literal or figurative filial relationship). More importantly, Ray has an ideological approach to these struggles. In his films, homosocial struggles are always supplanted by Ray's desired outcome of an idealized heterosexual coupling. That is, the threat of prolonged homosocial desire between his characters is usually eradicated by the death of one of the dueling men. The deus ex machina nature of the deaths implies that the resulting heterosexual coupling is somehow the way things "ought to be". In Bitter Victory and The Lusty Men, the women are clearly the people over whom the men fight in their struggle to establish a 'home' or security (with that woman). In Rebel Without a Cause, however, the male-male-female love triangle is complicated by the on-screen presence of a nuclear family that effectively literalizes Freud's Oedipal conflict.
Before examining homosocial desire in specific films, I must first outline the Freudian principles that gave birth to the term "homosocial". According to Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Freud's Oedipal triangle is established at an early stage of life when a child attempts to situate itself with respect to a powerful father and a beloved, subservient mother (Sedgwick 22). As such, "homo- and heterosexual outcomes in adults [are] the result of a complicated play of desire for and identification with the parent of each gender: the child routes its desire/identification through the mother to arrive at a role like the father's, or vice versa" (Sedgwick 22). Richard Klein summarizes this argument as follows:
In the normal development of the little boy's p...
... middle of paper ...
...ti-war film;
it was a private psychological duel. I liked the idea that the outcome of the mission
was really nothing to do with how they performed it, but with what they felt about
each other" (qtd. in Eisenschitz 293).
3. The title itself is indicative of the ensuing battle over the men's homosocial
desires.
4. Tellingly, Horace McCoy, the second screenwriter of the film, was found by producers
Jerry Wald and Norman Krasna in the RKO Studio's screenwriters' file under "masculine
relationships" (Eisenschitz 176).
5. It is safe to assume that Plato has already fallen off the proverbial cliff. He, too,
is alienated from his father-a wealthy man who has spent much of Plato's life off
gallivanting with his wife, leaving Plato to be reared by a nurse and guardian.
http://www.film.queensu.ca/Critical/PhelanCox.html
Both of the groups had one very main thing in common. They both wanted girls. It seemed as though the girls in this film symbolized power. Girls made them feel better about themselves. Girls made them powerful.
When talking about female homosociality, sisters and friends are the first impressions that come to my mind. Female homosociality compares to male homosociality, seems to have a closer and more intimate relationship. Also, male, white and heterosexual tend to be superior to female, black and homosexual. If people on the higher class, which is male, white, and heterosexual, have a tendency to switch to the lower class, such as a biological male identifies himself as a female, or a white guy consider himself as a gay, those people’s behaviors will be more unaccepted by the mass, cause they are not treasuring their original high status. On the other hand, people in the lower class tend to have connections with the lower class itself, it seems to be more accepted. For instance, if two guys are holding hands on the street, people will directly relate them as gay and may be more unfriendly to them; however, if same thing happen to girls, people will just view them as good friends. That is why studies on sexology in the nineteenth century mainly focus on female. As Ellis asserts “We are accustomed to a such greater familiarity and intimacy between women than between men, and we are less apt to suspect the existence of any abnormal passion.” (28) By observing female homosexual people, we can get the data that we used to ignore
"Plato." Literature of the Western World, Volume 1. 5th edition by Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 2001. 1197-1219.
...he forms seemed nonsensical. Plato's logical conclusion would have been to abandon earthly delights altogether, and though he didn't the idea of shedding possessions to pursue a spiritual quest of some sort endures today.
Every relationship is different. Weather one may be in a relationship with a boy, or just a friend, it is different. Even though they are different, the characters in “The Birthmark” by Nathaniel Hawthorne and “IND AFF” by Fay Weldon are in similar relationships. That is, the male is dominant over the female, and the woman thinks the man is her knight in shining armor. In the beginning of “IND AFF” the unnamed woman thinks her professor, Peter, who she is having an affair with, is her ticket to creating a good thesis and higher standings. Similarly, in “The Birthmark,” Georgiana thinks her husband is her ticket to flawless beauty because he tells her he will remove her birthmark. Obviously, this is not how relationships operate in today’s society. These two relationships compare and contrast with each other as well as with relationships in today’s day-and-age.
Lately there’s been alot of controversy surrounding energy drink. Why are teens drinking them? Why are they considered unhealthy? What are the bad effects? Today, i’m going to tell you. Energy drinks have been around since the 80s, when the first one was released. The amount of drinks sold only begins to grow, with a majority being purchased by teens. Energy drinks are unhealthy because of the high caffeine levels and can cause addiction to caffeine. Teens are drinking them because they want what what is promised, energy.
Throughout the film, the documentarian utilizes parallelism to frame the five storylines of the contradistinctive families. He introduces five Christian families, each with a gay or lesbian child. As the parents speak about their marriages and their involvement in the church, the audience received a glimpse into their children’s childhood and their reveal of their orientation, their reactions, and the vicissitudes the parents must face over time. Karslake uses this parallelism as a way of categorizing the five different families, the Reitans, the Gephardts, the Robinsons, the Poteats, and the Wallners, into most accepting to least accepting of their homosexual children, while at the same time, see a general view of how each area responds to the belief of homosexuality due to each family’s location. The Reitans, a family in Minnesota who became lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender activists and founded the Soulforce Equality Ride, where not accepting of their homosexual son when they first found out, but they soon accepted him, as well as they did not wan...
Energy drinks are promoted as beverages that offers alertness and increase intellectual and bodily performance. One energy drink is to have the same caffeine level as five cups of coffee. According to National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, as much as 500 milligrams of caffeine can be in one energy drink. Energy contain variety ingredients like guarana, sugars, taurine, ginseng, and B vitamins. Each of ingredients either offer more caffeine or are added electrolytes. Energy drinks are marketed to young men around the age of eighteen and thirty-four years of age. Safety concerns have been occurring with the use of energy drinks. In 2007 to 2011, Energy drink related emergencies have double in people 40 years and older. In our society, a tendency of adults and young adults mixing alcohol and, energy drink have increased. To the human body, it gives the individual a great high when consuming alcohol. Twenty five percent of students in college drink a mixture of alcohol and energy drink, and this group has tendency of binge drinking then those who do not mix alcohol and energy drinks. The use of energy drinks with alcohol, marijuana, and central nervous system drugs (Ritalin and Adderall) is very dangerous and can lead to hospitalization. Statistics also show that there is very limited proof that caffeine improves alertness. There is more evidence
Being the first company to provide a carbonated performance enhancing drink, Red Bull opened up a whole new market in the drinks industry. Through well developed and initiated marketing strategies red bull has become much more than a performance enhancing drink – it has now become a life style. Recognisable to most, the blue and silver can with two red bulls about to clash in front of a yellow sun is now an identity recognised in 169 countries (Red Bull, 2016). As the performance enhancing drinks market expands, Red Bull is still able to boast a high majority of market share due to the solid understanding they have of their consumers needs. With clever use of the marketing mix and the four P’s, Red Bull has been able cement their
...al film, conveying through editing the idealistic story of a man’s fantasies of happiness objectifying the women he loves into a patriarchal society, by dehumanizing them, making them easily replaceable, and both sexual and fragmented objects. For Fronçois, both Thérèse and Émilie are superficial objects, a fact which dehumanizes them, striping them completely from their subjective identities taking their roles in his male fantasy. Despite a rather odd and disturbing ending, with one woman replacing another, as the family continues living happily as if nothing particularly important took place. The ending demonstrates patriarchy in effect, where both Thérèse and Émilie are completely defined by Fronçois, and the only method in escaping is by ending their lives, since they can’t apparently hope to be allowed to define their own life within such patriarchal society.
Imegoni thiri wes e pirsun whu lovid thior intori lofi on e sefi babbli whiri nu uni cuald hart hom. Hi lovid thiri fur thi mejuroty uf hos lofi end iviryuni thiri wes tuld huw end whin tu ontirect woth hom. Thos buy wes cumplitily aneweri uf thi foltirs iviryuni hed tu pat un eruand hom, bat uni dey hi fuand uat. Hi hed tu chuusi tu iothir lievi hos sefi babbli fur thi chenci tu hevi netarel cunvirsetouns woth uthirs end lievi thi sefity uf hos wurld ur hi cuald stey thiri end bi sefi bat hevi ivirythong eruand hom cuntrullid. Whin tryong tu meki ondipindinci end sefity cuixost, en ondovodael uftin hes tu hevi muri ondipindincy then seftiy on thior lofi. Thi muvoi, “Thi Tramen Shuw”, os en ixcillint ixempli. In thos muvoi thiri os e men whu os pat on e sotaetoun uf cumpliti sefity end viry lottli ondipindincy.
As Tamsin Wilton explains in her piece, “Which One’s the Man? The Heterosexualisation of Lesbian Sex,” society has fronted that heterosexuality, or desire for the opposite sex, is the norm. However, the reason behind why this is the case is left out. Rather, Wilton claims that “heterosexual desire is [an] eroticised power difference [because] heterosexual desire originates in the power relationship between men and women” (161). This social struggle for power forces the majority of individuals into male-female based relationships because most women are unable to overcome the oppressive cycle society has led them into. Whereas heterosexual relationships are made up of the male (the oppressor) and the female (the victim who is unable to fight against the oppressor), homosexual relationships involve two or more individuals that have been freed from their oppressor-oppressed roles.
The health panics have made it difficult for a business to draw in new clients and clutch ones they'd effectively shared. As per reviews by the research organization mintel, 48 percent of women who had energy drinks a long time ago say they halted because they don't appear sheltered. Energy brands are "picking up" and indicating to advertise health to hold these clients. Presently, it is about getting a characteristic help that can pull one through an occupied with morning. Actions need to be implemented to control the number of these
According to the article “A Jolt of Caffeine, by the Can” by Melanie Warner, sales of energy drinks have increased by 61 percent in the USA this year, which means that people
Tu bigon, thi cuapli whu luvid iech uthir su mach unly wentid uni thong frum thior fiadong femolois, end thet wes tu bi ecciptid, end cuald unly bi suaght uat by ondipindinci frum thior caltaris. As ot os ubvouasly stetid on thi Prulugai, thi Muntegais end thi Cepalits eri “...Frum uld gradgi, whoch mekis covol hends anclien, brieks tu niw matony... (Act I Prulugai)” Biceasi uf thos, Rumiu, uf thi Muntegais, end Jaloit, uf thi Cepalits, wiri nut tu ivin miit, lit eluni merry. Huwivir, et thi denci, sumi wuald sey thet “thi sters (distony) hevi duni thior megoc wothon thisi twu, end thior feti wes mient tu bi.” Thos uf cuarsi mienong thet thior distony cuald nut hevi biin eltirid, thior lovis wiri “sit on stuni.” All dai tu thior perints’ mosfurtani, Rumiu end Jaloit mast fond thior uwn wey tu ondipindinci end sipereti thior uwn tredotouns frum thior femolois’.