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Slavery in the 19th century
Slavery in the 19th century
The role of woman in the 19th century
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During the Nineteenth Century slavery was widely used in the United States, differences between the North and the South were at a time of mass distinction. In Harriet Ann Jacobs’ Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, she gives a detailed account of her trials and tribulations growing up in the South as a slave. Though Jacobs sometimes spared her readers of the gruesome, harsh, and despicable acts she witnessed and experienced through her life, this does not in the slightest soften the image of slavery given in the book. Throughout the text, Jacobs employs “the cult of true womanhood” in her many descriptions of the expectations of women during that time. She wrote of her experiences with the demon of slavery from the time she was a young child until she was in her thirties. The notion that …show more content…
In a sense, women were placed on a pedestal and these so-called “proper roles” were assigned to them. Within these values were the four cardinal virtues: piety, purity, domesticity, and submissiveness. Welters even stated(expressed), “Without them, no matter whether there was fame, achievement, or wealth, all was ashes.” This powerful statement emphasized how vital these were to women, including the judgment and ostracism that came to the women who did not have these values. The cult of true womanhood also carried with the ideology of Separate Spheres, which is the belief that men and women belong in separate and essentially/virtually opposite spheres. These spheres differ in many aspects including but not limited to: duties, personal characteristics, functions and spheres of activity involving daily life. This ideology glorified women’s domestic activities at the same time it defined women as unfit for economic competition or political participation due to their pure moral
Slavery is a term that can create a whirlwind of emotions for everyone. During the hardships faced by the African Americans, hundreds of accounts were documented. Harriet Jacobs, Charles Ball and Kate Drumgoold each shared their perspectives of being caught up in the world of slavery. There were reoccurring themes throughout the books as well as varying angles that each author either left out or never experienced. Taking two women’s views as well as a man’s, we can begin to delve deeper into what their everyday lives would have been like. Charles Ball’s Fifty Years in Chains and Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl were both published in the early 1860’s while Kate Drumgoold’s A Slave Girl’s Story came almost forty years later
In Harriet Jacobs’ autobiography, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, personal accounts that detail the ins-and-outs of the system of slavery show readers truly how monstrous and oppressive slavery is. Families are torn apart, lives are ruined, and slaves are tortured both physically and mentally. The white slaveholders of the South manipulate and take advantage of their slaves at every possible occasion. Nothing is left untouched by the gnarled claws of slavery: even God and religion become tainted. As Jacobs’ account reveals, whites control the religious institutions of the South, and in doing so, forge religion as a tool used to perpetuate slavery, the very system it ought to condemn. The irony exposed in Jacobs’ writings serves to show
Analyzing the narrative of Harriet Jacobs in the context of the writings of W.E.B. Du bois serves to demonstrate how slavery prompted the weary and self-denigrating attitudes of Negro Americans during the subsequent Reconstruction period. However, it is important to note that Harriet Jacobs does not embody the concept of double-consciousness because slavery effectively stripped away her sexuality and femininity, therefore reducing her to one identity--that of a
Before the Women’s Rights Movement women were viewed less than men in every aspect. Pre- Civil War women were viewed as the source of life but viewed less than men intellectually . In the 19th century the ideal women was submissive, her job was to be an obedient, loving wife . There were two important thing that ruled the way that women were treated. One of these was the most important out of the two during this time period this was the Cult of Domesticity, which basically said that women were supposed to do all of the domestic work in a household 3.
The issue of Slavery in the South was an unresolved issue in the United States during the seventeenth and eighteenth century. During these years, the south kept having slavery, even though most states had slavery abolished. Due to the fact that slaves were treated as inferior, they did not have the same rights and their chances of becoming an educated person were almost impossible. However, some information about slavery, from the slaves’ point of view, has been saved. In this essay, we are comparing two different books that show us what being a slave actually was. This will be seen with the help of two different characters: Linda Brent in Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and Frederick Douglass in The Narrative of the life of Frederick
Men and women were seen to live in separate social class from the men where women were considered not only physically weaker, but morally superior to men. This meant that women were the best suited for the domestic role of keeping the house. Women were not allowed in the public circle and forbidden to be involved with politics and economic affairs as the men made all the
Prior to the twentieth century, men assigned and defined women’s roles. Although all women were effected by men determining women’s behavior, largely middle class women suffered. Men perpetrated an ideological prison that subjected and silenced women. This ideology, called the Cult of True Womanhood, legitimized the victimization of women. The Cult of Domesticity and the Cult of Purity were the central tenets of the Cult of True Womanhood. Laboring under the seeming benevolence of the Cult of Domesticity, women were imprisoned in the home or private sphere, a servant tending to the needs of the family. Furthermore, the Cult of Purity obliged women to remain virtuous and pure even in marriage, with their comportment continuing to be one of modesty. Religious piety and submission were beliefs that were more peripheral components of the ideology, yet both were borne of and a part of the ideology of True Womanhood. These were the means that men used to insure the passivity and docility of women. Religion would pacify any desires that could cause a deviation from these set standards, while submission implied a vulnerability and dependence on the patriarchal head (Welter 373-377).
Anna Julia Cooper’s, Womanhood a Vital Element in the Regeneration and Progress, an excerpt from A Voice from the South, discusses the state of race and gender in America with an emphasis on African American women of the south. She contributes a number of things to the destitute state African American woman became accustom to and believe education and elevation of the black woman would change not only the state of the African American community but the nation as well. Cooper’s analysis is based around three concepts, the merging of the Barbaric with Christianity, the Feudal system, and the regeneration of the black woman.
In Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, the author subjects the reader to a dystopian slave narrative based on a true story of a woman’s struggle for self-identity, self-preservation and freedom. This non-fictional personal account chronicles the journey of Harriet Jacobs (1813-1897) life of servitude and degradation in the state of North Carolina to the shackle-free promise land of liberty in the North. The reoccurring theme throughout that I strive to exploit is how the women’s sphere, known as the Cult of True Womanhood (Domesticity), is a corrupt concept that is full of white bias and privilege that has been compromised by the harsh oppression of slavery’s racial barrier. Women and the female race are falling for man’s
Throughout American history women have been considered the inferior sex, and have endured the discrimination brought upon them by men. In the time period of 1780 to 1835 the United States underwent extensive societal and economical changes that resulted in a shift in the role of women, leading to the “cult of true womanhood.” Although the new “cult” restricted women to the virtues of piety, purity, submissiveness, and domesticity it also led to a rise in the influence of women on the developments of society. In “Bonds of Womanhood,” Nancy Cott focuses on the time period of 1780 to 1835 to effectively illustrates how the changes leading up to the “cult of true womanhood” restrained women together through the creation of a separate “women’s sphere,” while also restricting women to the ideologies that became prominent with “true womanhood.” Although I agree with Nancy Cott’s argument, it would have been more effective if she had included politics as one of the main aspects of her argument.
Domesticity was what a “good woman” was out to be and obedience was obeying to the husband in everything he said or asked to be done. In the 1820’s and 1860’s, women were resided to four characteristics in piety, purity, submissiveness and domesticity. “The Cult of Womanhood”explained these four characteristics. First, Piety the modern young woman of the 1820s and 1830s was known for their workings with their religion. In the nineteenth‐century society believed that women had a particular propensity for religion to bring the world out of sin through her suffering, through her pure, and passionless love. Second, Female purity was also highly revered. Without sexual purity, a woman was no woman, but rather a lower form of being, a ʺfallen woman,ʺ unworthy of the love of a man and unfit for their company. Third, Men were the submissives and doers‐‐the actors in life. Women were to be passive bystanders, submitting to fate, to duty, to God, and to men. Women were warned that this was the order of things. A true woman knew her place, and knew what qualities were wanted of her. Fourth, domesticity Womanʹs place was in the home. Womanʹs role was to be busy at those morally uplifting tasks aimed at maintaining and fulfilling her piety and purity. The Cult of Domesticity is mostly based on the time of pre civil war, woman in that time era were expected to keep the household a peaceful from the evils of the
Women “were expected to bear children, stay home, cook and clean, and take care of the children” (Cobb 29). They were expected to be weak, timid, domestic, emotional, dependent, and pure. Women were taught to be physically and emotionally inferior in addition morally superior to men. During this time, women were ostracized for expressing characteristics and wants that contradicted those ideals. For women, the areas of influence are home and children, whereas men’s sphere includes work and the outside world” (Brannon 161).
states that men are to work and make money for the family. A woman's goal was to
The idea of "The Cult of True Womanhood," or "the cult of domesticity," sought to proclaim that womanly virtue resided in piety, purity, submissiveness and domesticity. The Cult of True Womanhood article describes a true woman to be judged by her husband, her neighbors, and society. With that being said after reading the article I gained a new understand of why these characteristics (piety, purity, submissiveness and domesticity) it was so important to promoting a woman’s "proper role," and how such statements about the roles of women might have served as a response to the growth of industrial capitalism. Both Truth and Stewart were very passionate about equal rights for men and women.
In conclusion, women were considered property and slave holders treated them as they pleased. We come to understand that there was no law that gave protection to female slaves. Harriet Jacob’s narrative shows the true face of how slaveholders treated young female slave. The female slaves were sexually exploited which damaged them physically and psychologically. Furthermore it details how the slave holder violated the most sacred commandment of nature by corrupting the self respect and virtue of the female slave. Harriet Jacob writes this narrative not to ask for pity or to be sympathized but rather to show the white people to be aware of how female slaves constantly faced sexual exploitation which damaged their body and soul.