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The crusades and how they affected the world
The negative impact of crusades
An essay on the impacts of the crusades
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A summary of the crusades
What were they and why did they start?
They were ‘holy’ wars fought between Christians in Europe and the Muslims in the Middle East. Their main goal was to retain control of Palestine. The Pope proclaimed most of them. They were very popular because it was a religious war. However, some participated for the gain that was possible in the plunder of the city. Most of them were disappointed since they gained little plunder and many of them did not survive the fights.
They started because the Christian European knights wanted to take Jerusalem away from the Muslims and remain in control of Palestine. It was so important because it was where their Saviour and Lord Jesus had lived.
Describe the successes and failures of
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the various crusades. Crusade I: Success in taking Jerusalem, but massacred the Jews and Muslims. Crusade II: Failure in taking back any land. Crusade III: Failure because the leaders could not cooperate. Jerusalem was not captured. Crusade VI: Failure. An attack on Byzantine Empire. Crusade V: Failure. Failed to capture any Egyptian cities. Crusade VI: Success. Captured Jerusalem. It was won by negotiations. Crusade VII: Failure. Tried to capture Egypt but failed. Crusade IIX: Failure. Tried to capture Tunis, but the army was killed by diseases. Crusade IX: Failure.
Lack of support made it impossible to recapture the Holy Land.
People’s Crusade: Failure. The army consisted of common people who were killed before they even got to Jerusalem.
Children’s Crusade: Failure. Thousands of children tried to go on a crusade. Many died of sickness and pirates captured many others. Only a handful made it back home.
The crusades were mostly a failure because none of the crusades accomplished the goal in the long run. Whenever they did succeed, the enemy recaptured Jerusalem eventually.
How did contact between Western European and Islamic cultures affect both of them? Give both positive and negative effects.
In Western Europe, the crusades started a rift between the Christians in the east from the Christians in the west and so sparked a division. However, it enriched trade between Europe and cities near the Mediterranean Sea. Therefore strengthening the European economy. Europe also gained access to the newest inventions.
In Islamic culture, because of the crusades, an enmity was born between the Muslims and the crusades which lasts until today. They saw the crusaders as “Immoral, bloody and savage” in their ruthless massacres on the Jews and Muslims during their crusades. However, It did create a new hero for the Muslims:
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Saladin. When and Why Did the Crusades Stop?
The ninth crusade ended in 1272, marking the end of the main nine crusades. The crusades stopped because the people lost faith in crusading. Every time they went on a crusade, they usually failed, and even if they did succeed, the Muslims would reconquer Jerusalem eventually. In addition, “the way of God” became unpopular because it did not bother people. They just wanted to think about the now instead of the future.
What Lasting Effects did the Crusades Have?
The Crusades gave the Middle East a bad perspective on “The West” since the Crusaders massacred many of their people without a prior provocation. As “The West” grew into a more prominent position, the Middle East became more and more envious. In Europe, the Crusades brought back spices and fabrics from Asia. The Crusaders also brought back medical knowledge, science, and different attitudes about other religions. This started the Renaissance and set Europe on a road to global conquest.
Bibliography:
Riley-Smith, J. (2018). Crusades. In World Book Advanced. Retrieved from
http://www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar142340
Crusades. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.history.com/topics/crusades. The End of the Medieval Crusades - Middle Ages. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.lordsandladies.org/end-of-medieval-crusades.htm. What Effect Did the Crusades Have on the Middle East? (2018). Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/crusades-effect-on-middle-east-195596.
Now, in 1198, in order to raise the papacy rather than take the Holy Land, Pope Innocent III, called for another crusade. This crusade is mostly being led by French Knights and instead attempting to capture Jerusalem, they end up sacking the Christian city of Constantinople! After the fourth Crusade, the other crusades were disorganized efforts that accomplished little to
The Crusades took place in the Middle East between 1095 and 1291. They were used to gain a leg up on trading, have more land to show hegemony, and to please the gods. Based upon the documents, the Crusades between 1095 and 1291 were caused primarily by religious devotion rather than by the desire for economic and political gain.
... rest were took in a slavery. Crusaders were killing everyone they could see, it didn't matter if a person was Muslim, Jewish or Christian. All the squares of the city of Antioch were full of dead bodies.
Although the crusades were seen as failures during their time, the crusades had a huge impact on the world. This impact can be seen through the many social, political, economic, and religious changes that developed during the crusades. Some of these changes still last to this day.
Crusader who brought contact with the Muslims loosened hierarchy of feudalism. Towns and cities were growing quicker in the European society. When they returned their land with goods, which enlarged the Europeans economy. The noble churches want their own territories of the church tax and own bishops. The popes had the power to block Christians from getting the church sacraments.
In the third conflict, Carthaginians tried to save their city and land from being taken over completely by Romans. In these wars, they mainly fought over trade routes in the Mediterranean. Each wanted power and more territorial possession. Crusades (11th Century-13th Century) in the Holy Land The emperor of the Byzantine Emperor was upset with Turks encroaching on his empire. He went to the Pope Urban II and complained.
“Where there’s smoke, there’s fire” To understand the causes of the crusades, we must have a solid understanding of the Islamic world and Europe backgrounds – respectively. By the tenth century, the Islamic empire under Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad was divided. The Fatimid, Shiite dynasty established a Shiite Caliphate in Egypt, and Cairo was its capital. They had tried to unite the Islamic world under its caliphate and they had become enemies to the Sunni caliphate in Baghdad. As a result, the Islamic world was divided.
Among some of the largest conflicts in the world stand the Crusades; a brutal conflict that lasted over 200 years and was debatably one of the largest armed religious conflicts in the history of humankind. Since this is so clearly an event of importance, historians have searched vigorously for the true answer as to why the crusades began. Ultimately, because of accusatory views on both the sides of the Christians and of the Muslims, the two groups grew in such hatred of each other that they began to act in deep discrimination of each other. Moreover, Christian motives seemed to be driven mostly by the capture of Jerusalem, the dark ages of Europe and the common-folks desperation for land, wealth, and a spot in heaven. What seems to be continually
A major part of the fighters in the crusades were untrained and unqualified peasants who went out to get back the holy lands for the church from the ?evil Muslims? (Medieval Europe 164-167). This was called the Peasants Crusade. In order to get these peasants, who knew no better, to go and fight the church told them that if they were to go and fight these ?horrible Muslims? then they would automatically get admission into heaven. Of course this automatically appealed to the peasants being that they were so god-fearing. They thought that if they helped the church then they would go to heaven and so they jumped at such an opportunity to get a get-into-heaven-free card. These people in all their religious glory went in and attacked the city of Nicaea (TWW, 104), and got killed. The city of Nicaea was a well fortified city controlled by Seljuk Turks. The peasants went in and attacked and literally got slaughtered. Only 2000 peasants survived their hasty attack. Unfortunately most of the crusades went this way(TWW)
The First Crusade from 1095 to 1099 has been seen as a successful crusade. The First Crusaders carefully planned out their attacks to help promote religion throughout the lands. As the First Crusade set the example of what a successful crusade should do, the following crusades failed to maintain control of the Holy Land. Crusades following after the First Crusade weren’t as fortunate with maintaining the Holy Land due united forces of Muslims, lack of organization, and lack of religious focus.
The Second Crusade was undeniably a failure due to division of leadership and troops, bad military commanding, and poor communication. Not only was this the beginning of the fall of the Christian Crusades, "the crusader states would have been fared better have the crusade never been launched" (Madden 59). The loss was tremendous, and although this crusade brought no progress for the Christians, it was none-the-less significant. The failure of the Second Crusade “was the strongest evidence yet that the Franks could lose, and lose big" and significantly strengthened the Muslim army (Madden 58). It was the beginning of the Muslims' rise to power and the Christians' fall from it.
A major turning point in Medieval history were the Crusades. The Crusades were a series of wars fought between the Christian Europeans and the Muslim Turks, which occurred between the years of 1096 to 1272. In this Holy War the Christians goal was to obtain the Holy Land from the Turks, in which they did not succeed. Although the Christians did not meet their goal, many positives did come out of their attempt. Due to the reason that they did not meet their goal, yet numerous positives came out of their effort, many refer to this as a successful failure.
The Children’s Crusade needlessly ended the lives of many. Although they had no other reasons than regaining Jerusalem, it was a lost cause. Stephen of Cloyes and Nicholas, though with a true purpose, caused only more pain and sorrow. Children left their family behind, “This they did despite the wishes of their parents, relatives, and friends who sought to make them drop back” (Halsall). Some parents encouraged their kids to go, but at the same time, even more parents tried to keep there kids at their side (Halsall). The Pope himself at one time stopped Nicholas’s Crusade and told them to go back home (Trueman). Even though the Crusade failed, and none of the children ever were heard of again, England once again remembered the importance of the Holy Land (Trueman).
In 1095, the conflict between the Christians and the Muslims started a crusade (a military campaign in defense of Christianity) for the battle of Jerusalem. This crusade involved people of other religions besides Christianity such as the Jews but they did not play a major role during this time. The Crusades lasted almost two decades and consisted of eight different crusades. With all of the events and actions that took during the Crusades, it led too many effects throughout years. There were short term effects and long term effects from the crusades that effected people of all different cultures. Two places which have had many effects from the Crusades are Europe and Islam. The Crusades has had short term and long term effects on power, economic and classical knowledge throughout Europe and Islam.
The Crusades were the type of person who demanded many things, if not everything. They used their power and the backing of the Catholic Church to advance their movements and take control of cities. Many may believe the Crusades were mean, dangerous people who did not care about others and only wanted control. This, however, was only one view and many do not see how the Crusades benefited the church, help unite its members, and enabled the church to evolve in certain areas.