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Religious conflict and war
Outline Palestine and Israel conflict
Outline Palestine and Israel conflict
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The Question of Palestine and Israel
For decades, the people of Palestine and Israel have had conflict with each other. The cause of the conflict was due to religion, territory, and borders (infoplease.com). The conflict began when Israel officially became a state in 1948. Within the same year, political issues of Jewish immigration to Palestine turned into a problem during World War I (White, 200). The issue had gotten worse when the British became heavily involved and decided to negotiate with the Arabs within the early 20th century.
Unfortunately for both groups, the British had managed to gain control of certain parts of the Middle East with its influence through the Mandate of Palestine (White, 201). The Balfour Declaration of November 1917 was created as a promise to the Jews that they were going to have their own homeland (White, 200). The negotiations were meant to keep both Palestinian Arabs and Palestinian Jews satisfied, but instead, the opposite had occurred (White, 201). The Palestinian people wanted out of the British control.
Both groups felt that their religion and territory was being threatened. A revolt with both groups began; which then led to the resurfacing of modern terrorism (White, 201). That, in turn, led to a hatred and distrust between both Jewish and Arab communities (White, 201). The British could not control their anger and sought for help from the United Nations.
Furthermore, the British were told that one part of the country would be given to the Arabs and the other part to the Jews with the help of the UN General Assembly Resolution 181. The UN General Assembly Resolution 181 was one of the most significant milestones in the history of the struggles between both countries. It was a baseline use...
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...tine was considered to be more of a threat to the United States, and other possible countries who disagree with the Palestinian people than the Israeli people. There was also a strong hope for regional stability and peace in Israel (“History of Palestine”). The United States had to publicly support their cause, but work privately in maintaining peace (White, 204). Peace ensures good economic relations between both the Israeli and the customers of the West (White, 204).
Work Cited
Infoplease. Infoplease, n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014.
White, Jonathan Randall. Terrorism and Homeland Security. 6th ed. Australia: Thomson Wadsworth, 2006. Print.
"History of Palestine (Now Known As) Israel Warning." YouTube. YouTube, 19 Feb. 2012. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.
"UN General Assembly Resolution 181." UN General Assembly Resolution 181. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.
Imperialism, Colonialism, and war had a huge impact on the Middle East, and it can also be thought of as the source of conflict. According to the map in Document A, it shows that the size of the Ottoman Empire grew smaller after the first world war, along with this change came new boundaries. These borders were created by the victorious European countries that won World War I, and made different ethnic and religious groups separated and grouped together with others. Great Britain's took over Palestine mandate and developed the Balfour Declaration that promised Jews support in making a home in Palestine. Most of the Palestine land was populated with Arabs.
...Palestine. The main points of the White Paper put the plans for partition as impractical and enforced restrictions on Jewish immigration and the transfer of land. The White Paper said that with the Jewish population at 450,000 having been settled in the mandate, the points in the Balfour Declaration have been met. “His Majesty’s Government therefore now declare unequivocally that it is not part of their policy that Palestine should become a Jewish State.” Even though much hope seemed to be lost at this point, faced with the impending Nazism in Europe, Zionist Jews and non-Zionist Jews had felt the pressure to unite and thus led to the Biltmore Conference.
18 May 2006. . War Powers Resolution -. 15 May 2006. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 18 May 2006. .
“Many Jews were fleeing Europe from Hitler so that they can reclaim the land they believed was their Biblical birthright, (Document 4 Excepts from the Israeli Declaration of Independence). Leaders were petitioning Great Britain to allow Jewish people to begin migrating into Palestine, then in 194 8the formal state of Israel was formed. “The Balfour Declaration Britain promised a national home for the Jewish people as seen in” (document 2). However, people were already living there so the natives felt like they were getting there home taken away from
According to Shlaim, the conflict begins during World War 1 when the British made various promises to both Jews and Arabs while simultaneously plotting with the French to divide all the territory into spheres of influence . The British assumed that Palestinians and Jews could leave peaceably in a single state, but Britain's obligation to the Jews could only be met at the expense of the Arab majority. The British carved up the territories under their mandate without regard for religious, ethnic, or linguistic composition of their inhabitants.
On November 29, 1947, the United Nations voted for a partition resolution that led to the establishment of the nation of Israel in May, 1948. This was great news for Jews in Palestine and the diaspora as it meant the fulfillment of the quest for the rebirth of their nation in their previous homeland after many years of wandering (Pappe, 2006, p. 12). However, their Palestinian Arab counterparts opposed to the establishment from the start felt cheated by the international community and remained categorical that the final answer to the Jewish problem would only be solved in blood and fire (Karsh, 2002, p. 8).
...US support for Israel, contributed in making US interests more magnetic targets for outraged groups. This relation is not the only grievance of these groups, of course, but it is a central one, and it makes advancing other U.S. interests more difficult.
The United Nations. Resolution 36/103 of the UN General Assembly (1981). N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.
The time that Palestine was being controlled by the British, they were full of empty promises. In November of 1917, the Balfour Declaration was the start of those half-hearted promises. The Declaration called for Palestine to be the Jewish homeland. This seemed to be a lofty declaration by the Brits since Palestine was still technically Ottoman. As a result, revolts started to erupted between both the Palestinians and the Zionists. The British was able to quell the revolts, nonetheless they felt it as if this was becoming too much of a chore to rule over the Palestinians, so passed the issue over to the United Nations, which came up with the UN Partition Plan in 1947. This plan called for both Israel and Palestine to each take ownership of land whose masses would amount to be of equal size. However, the borders posed a major problem as the landscape of the borders created somewhat of a confusing puzzle. This resolution did not last long as the tensions boiled over to what became known as the Arab-Israel War. Shortly after the Israelis won an armistice was signed giving Israel a third more land than what was given in the United Nations Partition. Years later, the Israelis and other Arabs went to war which later became the Six-Day War. After the Israeli victory, they obtained
Since the inception of an Israeli nation-state in 1948, violence and conflict has played a major role in Israel’s brief history. In the Sixty-One year’s Israel has been a recognized nation-state, they have fought in 6 interstate wars, 2 civil wars, and over 144 dyadic militarized interstate disputes (MIDs) with some display of military force against other states (Maoz 5). Israel has been involved in constant conflict throughout the past half century. Israel’s tension against other states within the Middle East has spurred vast economic, social, and political unity that has fostered a sense of nationalism and unity in Israel not seen in most other states. Over the next several pages I will try and dissect the reasons for why the nation state of Israel has been emerged in constant conflict and how this conflict has helped foster national unity and identity among the people of Israel.
After World War II the British gave Palestine to the United Nations, in 1947 the UN resolved to “partition the country into two states. Roughly 57% of Palestine would become a Jewish state while 43% was to be a Palestinian Arab state.” The Palestinians rejected the plan in support that the Arab league declared the partition illegal. There was a lot of violence in Palestine during this time...
On November 2 1917 the Balfour Declaration was issued from Arthur James Balfour to Lord Rothschild conveying a promise to the Zionist Federation of a national home in Palestine. This appeared to be a step closer towards materially realising the early Zionist aspirations as previously articulated by Theodor Herzl in August 1897 when he envisioned “the creation of a home for the Jewish people in Palestine to be secured by public law.” Although professing to be a “declaration of sympathy with the Jewish Zionist aspirations” in reality the reasons behind the Balfour Declaration surpassed Zionist efforts in British politics or genuine pro-Zionist sympathies. Despite many Zionists becoming increasingly active in British politics, the formation of a Jewish state was not the intended consequence of the declaration; rather it was primarily in provision of British own interests in Palestinian territory. This land, to which the Balfour Declaration referred had been part of the Ottoman Empire since the 16th century and included contemporary Israel and a small section of present-day Jordan. It occupied a prime strategic position dividing two French colonies, Syria and Lebanon, and the British colony in Egypt whilst harbouring jurisdiction over the prized Suez Canal. Simultaneously British had imperialistic motives to take advantage of the power vacuum left vacant by the slow death of the Sick Man of Europe, the Ottoman Empire. The Balfour Declaration also temporarily allowed the Britain to hold the balance of power between the two opposing nationalist movements in Palestine however it did obligate them to both sides proving a future problem. It was also hoped that propagating a future national home to the Zionists at large would secure the ...
“There is no such thing as a Palestinian.” Stated former Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir after three fourths of one million Palestinians had been made refugees, over five hundred towns and cities had been obliterated, and a new regional map was drawn. Every vestige of the Palestinian culture was to be erased. Resolution 181, adopted in 1947 by the United Nations declared the end of British rule over Palestine (the region between the eastern edge of the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River) and it divided the area into two parts; a state for the Jewish and one for the Arab people, Palestine. While Israel was given statehood, Palestine was not. Since 1947, one of the most controversial issues in the Middle East, and of course the world, is the question of a Palestinian state. Because of what seems a simple question, there have been regional wars among Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq, terrorist attacks that happen, sometimes daily, displacement of families from their homes, and growing numbers of people living in poverty. Granting Palestinian statehood would significantly reduce, or alleviate, tensions in the Middle East by defining, once and for all, the area that should be Palestine and eliminating the bloodshed and battles that has been going on for many years over this land.
Also, the United States has a strong military force and a powerful leader. “Over the past sixty years, the United States and Israel have slowly developed a strategy partnership. The United States benefited when Israel destroyed the Egyptian and Syrian armies during the 1967 and 1973 wars.” (Bowman and Bourassa). The United States and Israel’s bond has been getting stronger and stronger as the years go by because the United States have been supporting Israel for almost five decades. If they continue to have this bond with each other; the two countries, Israel and Palestine, could possibly end up having peace together once and for all because the United states could help them through it like if it were a therapist. Bill Clinton, an ex president of the United States, attempted to fix the conflict between the two countries by making a peace treaty between Israel and Jordan; another country Israel has problems with, Clinton hoped that if there was a peace treaty with Israel and Jordan then tension between Israel and Palestine would calm down a bit, but it actually did not really work out as well as he thought it would be (Bowman and Bourassa). As Clinton tried managing this conflict his action shows the effort the United States put into as an ally of Israel. Clinton
When Yasser Arafat addressed the United Nations General Assembly, he tried to articulate the actions the Palestinian Liberation Organization had taken and to justify those actions. Arafat points out that the struggles with Imperialism and Zionism began in 1881 when the first large wave of immigrants began arriving in Palestine. Prior to this date, the Muslims, Jews (20,000) and Christians all cohabitated peacefully (pop. 1/2 million). In 1917, the Belfour Declaration authorized increased immigration of European Jews to Palestine. 1 From 1917 to 1947, the Jewish population in Palestine increased to 600,000 and they rightfully owned only 6% of the Palestinian arable land. Palestine population at this time was now up to 1,250,000. 1