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The role of women in literature
The role of women in literature
Gender and roles of women in literature
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An assortment of monolithic and cultural presence gives Midaq Alley the well-earned reputations of one of the lost treasures of Cairo. The fine stone-paved surface ran directly to the Sandiqiya Street. However, time mad Midaq Alley a poor, destitute, side-street alley neighborhood, where most of the inhabitants strive for bigger and better things but against a world that is against them. The Second World War did not begin in Egypt, but just like the United States of America it was eventually come knocking on their door! Bombing raids occurred but were now a scarce occurrence. Midaq Alley is set during the 40’s when the British Army has taken a defensive position against the Nazis in the city of Cairo. Throughout the whole novel characters are brought to life by the author Naguib Mahfouz although the story conspires only a few main characters. Kirsha, is a soft owner of the café in Midaq Alley. Kirsha’s wife Mrs. Kirsha beats him, and a son Hussain Kirsha grew up with Abbas and they are friends but also rivals, Hussain Kirsha also shows signs of greed. Abbas is a slightly heavy, average height, and a life long Midaq Alley resident who loves Midaq Alley. He and Uncle Kamil share an apartment and Abbas is the local barber at his shop. Abbas is also a young man who wants to marry Hamida, she says yes but he can not afford it so he joins the British Army. Hamida has a lust for wealth and men with wealth, when Abbas is gone she marries Salim Alwan a rich entrepreneur who owns a store on Midaq Alley. Salim Alwan’s business even is profitable during time of war, because he is invoved in black market deals operates on the black market. His wife has gotten older and doesn’t get him going sexually anymore, so he began to go after ...
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...l, many Egyptians were beginning to detest the British occupation and the Wafd Party demanded for a constitutional monarchy. Later Hamida achieves great success and power that is unique for a woman, but power corrupts and absolute power absolutely corrupts, and eventually she will lose all the success and power to become a street prostitute working for Ibrahim Faraj.
The novel Midaq Alley not only shows the changes in society that occurred in Cairo during this era, it also shows the changes that occurred to the inhabitants of Midaq Alley. One of the big things that I thought was important was the fact that Hamida became a prostitute. In Arab society women are normally more strict with their sexual activity outside of marriage. The book is a great book and shows drastic changes over all walks of life and the old world style clashes with the new world system.
She utilizes the messenger Keliya in the restoration of ties within countries of egypt. shortly after discussing this Podany excellently discusses the shift from Pharaohs and Kings to large amounts of power given to women. These “queens” or women of power were the first of their kind and were able to establish a lasting impression upon the egyptian people even without being in sight most times or the moments when they would arrive at their destination. Using this to describe the Armana period was especially significant because it introduces somewhat of a mail system that was not recently created until this period. Also Podany’s usage of the women in power helps readers understand how complex their society soon became in the Armana period. Showing that women do not have to be stuck with a lowly position in society, this realization came about once again during the women’s rights
“Araby” tells the story of a young boy who romanticizes over his friend’s older sister. He spends a lot of time admiring the girl from a distance. When the girl finally talks to him, she reveals she cannot go to the bazaar taking place that weekend, he sees it as a chance to impress her. He tells her that he is going and will buy her something. The boy becomes overwhelmed by the opportunity to perform this chivalrous act for her, surely allowing him to win the affections of the girl. The night of the bazaar, he is forced to wait for his drunken uncle to return home to give him money to go. Unfortunately, this causes the boy to arrive at the bazaar as it is closing. Of the stalls that remained open, he visited one where the owner, and English woman, “seemed to have spoken to me out of a sense of duty” (Joyce 89) and he knows he will not be able to buy anything for her. He decides to just go home, realizing he is “a creature driven and derided with vanity” (Joyce 90). He is angry with himself and embarrassed as he...
First, political Islam has rogue Egypt and held it down, suffocating the country, not allowing it to stand a chance. President Hosni Mubarak was ousted and people thought that Egypt was getting better. It has not been the case. While Zaki lives in faded luxury and chases women, Bothayna endures sexual harassment while working as a shop assistant to provide for her poor family after the death of her father. Meanwhile her boyfriend, Taha, son of the building's janitor, is rejected by the police and decides to join a radical Islamic group. Egypt is heading towards a bottomless abyss. Everything is controlled by the elite. Jobs are no more; it is preserved for the top. This increases the plight of the people and leads them into committing some of the acts seen in Islam as bad or as a taboo. The political elite are crashing its opponents and ensuring that whoever com...
Document 3 is an article from a Turkish feminist journal. The excerpt expresses the discontent the women of the Ottoman empire have with their role in society. The document reveals that a woman’s life is dominated by the father, uncle, husband or brother. The document also states that for a woman, it is impossible to set ideals for herself. The author is Aynur Demirderik, who is a feminist writer that studies the roles of women of the Ottoman Empire.
It revolves around the issues of gender oppression, sexual assault, and importance of social status. Alifa Rifaat manages to express her opinions towards these themes by writing about a typical Egyptian marriage. She puts in focus the strong influence that a patriarchal society has. She also manages to prove how important social status is in society. The uses of literally elements such as theme and irony help express this view. It shows that in a typical Egyptian society women are commonly oppressed by all males in society
Hunter, Cheryl. "The Coming Of Age Archetype In James Joyce's "Araby.." Eureka Studies In Teaching Short Fiction 7.2 (2007): 102-104. Literary Reference Center Plus. Web. 16 Mar. 2014.
You will realize the nationalists’ dream. You will learn foreign languages, have a passport, devour books, and speak like a religious authority. At the very least, you will certainly be better off than your mother.” Reading this masterpiece we can easily see the Middle East women’s dreams for education and freedom, things that we the women from the West taking as granted.
In “Araby” and “Boys and Girls” the plots illustrate that both of the adolescents experience the common phase of growing up. They learn the universal lesson of how different the world is, compared to how they would like to see. The young boy in “Araby” grows into a young man and the girl in “Boys and Girls” accepts the reality that she is a girl. Freeing the horse was like freeing herself. The protagonists in both stories go through learning experience that we all go through, but the way in which these learning experience occur differs with each of us.
In the novel She and in the stories of The Arabian Nights, both Haggard and Haddawy explore the expanding gender roles of women within the nineteenth century. At a time that focused on the New Woman Question, traditional gender roles were shifted to produce greater rights and responsibilities for women. Both Ayesha, from Haggard’s novel She, and Shahrazad, from Haddawy’s translation of The Arabian Nights, transgress the traditional roles of women as they are being portrayed as strong and educated females, unwilling to yield to men’s commands. While She (Ayesha) takes her power to the extreme (i.e. embodying the femme fatale), Shahrazad offers a counterpart to She (i.e. she is strong yet selfless and concerned with the welfare of others). Thus, from the two characters emerge the idea of a woman who does not abide by the constraints of nineteenth century gender roles and, instead, symbolizes the New Woman.
Throughout “Araby”, the main character experiences a dynamic character shift as he recognizes that his idealized vision of his love, as well as the bazaar Araby, is not as grandiose as he once thought. The main character is infatuated with the sister of his friend Mangan; as “every morning [he] lay on the floor in the front parlour watching her door…when she came on the doorstep [his] heart leaped” (Joyce 108). Although the main character had never spoken to her before, “her name was like a summons to all [his] foolish blood” (Joyce 108). In a sense, the image of Mangan’s sister was the light to his fantasy. She seemed to serve as a person who would lift him up out of the darkness of the life that he lived. This infatuation knew no bounds as “her image accompanied [him] even in places the most hostile to romance…her name sprang to [his] lips at moments in strange prayers and praises which [he] did not understand” (Joyce 109). The first encounter the narrator ex...
The book is set in an outdoor café in a bustling Lahore market- Old Anarkali- where a young, bearded Pakist...
Intimate description of the inhabitants in Midaq alley gives the alley a life of it's own. Mahfouz indulges the reader in the inhabitants inner thoughts and desires; Kirsha's drug addiction and homosexuality; Zaita's sadistic nature; Hamida's untamed ambitions; Alwan's desires for Hamida; Hussain's dissatisfaction. On the other hand, there is Radwan Hussainy-the religiiou figure; Abbas the niave lover. Thus, Mahfouz created a complete sphere for a socity with the good along the bad; with the intangled destinies of the characters in Midaq Alley.
Araby is about escaping into the world of fantasy. The narrator is infatuated with his friend's sister; he hides in the shadows, peering secluded from a distance trying to spy her "brown figure"(Joyce 38). She is the light in his fantasy, someone who will lift him out of darkness. I see many parallels to my life as a boy growing up in the inner city of Jersey City. We looked for escape also, a trip uptown to Lincoln Park, or take a train ride to New York City where we would gaze at the beauties on 7th Ave.
Ibnouf, Fatma Osman. “Women And The Arab Spring.” Women & Environments International Magazine 92/93(2013): 18-21. MasterFILE Elite.Web.31 Mar. 2014.
Perhaps the main reason I liked this book was the unfaltering courage of the author in the face of such torture as hurts one even to read, let alone have to experience first-hand. Where men give in, this woman perseveres, and, eventually, emerges a stronger person, if that is even possible. The book’s main appeal is emotional, although sound logical arguments are also used. This book is also interesting as it shows us another face of Nasir – the so-called “champion of Arab nationalism” – who is also the enemy of pan-Islamism. The book is also proof of history repeating itself in modern-day Egypt.