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Zinn’s question was if the bloodshed and deceit were necessary in order for the human race to progress and one might argue that yes, to a certain extent. If the English did not colonize America, maybe America would not be what it is today. The Europeans came here with their tools and influence over the country. The colonist used the bloodshed in order to control the Native Americans, the Africans, and even their own people. They did not want them to rebel therefore, they devised systems in order to manipulate them. Even though they implemented this system the Native Americans and the Africans Indians rebelled against the Europeans. The Europeans would oppress the people, imprisoned and punish them in order to have control over the colonies …show more content…
The Europeans would kill and hang the people to send a message to the other slaves, not disobey them or they will be punished for it. However, what if they simply did not have slavery period and just paid these people to work the land. That way they would not have the need to ‘rebel’ and get punished for. Another instant were England could have chosen and alternative path, Zinn wrote about England wanted to rid themselves of prisoners and beggars; these people were stripped, beaten bloody and then sent to work out of the country to America. They were sent as indentured servants, perhaps England could have sent them without beating them because traveling to America was punishment enough they were away from their families. There was a lack of food on board and some of them died and thrown …show more content…
Zinn focused more on the fact that these people were torn from their culture and brought here against their will, to engage in unfavorable conditions. The degree of cruelty these people faced was the point Zinn tried to make. He is not necessarily pointing fingers and saying they should be held accountable, he was emphasizing on the conditions the slaves were facing (chapter 2). But, Johnson argued that America was basically they were corrupted into it (pg. 72) they were not necessarily the cause of the injustice. ‘The Board of Trade Seeks Information on the Slave Trade, 1708’ supports Johnson’s argument in my opinion because it was geared towards the inventory of slaves and the benefits Europe gained from the colonization. Europe just used slavery as a stepping stone to build its empire. America was built on slavery, but every ‘great’ country was developed on this. The question of moving passed the injustice is yes, this country can move past it and look forward to the future however not forgetting what brought us to this
Before delving into the specifics of enslavement conditions in the New World, a peek into the slavery
As these sources have illustrated due to the high demand for free labor, slavery became a prominent problem through this era. However, African enslaved did not simply obey their capture. The primary source The Slaves Mutiny written by in 1730 by William Snelgrave focuses on another aspect of slavery that the other sources didn’t quite touch on, or go into much depth, and that would be slave revolt or mutiny. Author Snelgrave explains that “several voyages proved unsuccessful by mutinies.”# As author Snelgrave states upon ““what induced them (the African slaves) to mutiny? They answered, “I was a rogue to buy them, in order to carry them away form their own country, and that they were resolved to regain their liberty if possible.”# Author Snelgrave states, “They had forfeited their freedom before I bought them, either by crimes or by being taken in war, according to the custom of their country, and they now being my
Though a vast majority of students learn about Columbus’ great conquests and celebrate him as a hero, very few know of the horrible atrocities he caused when he first landed in America. While considered a hero by most in the United States, Zinn argues that people should think twice about Columbus’ actions, and question whether his behavior to the Indians was necessary. In quotes one and five, Zinn clearly depicts his thoughts on the atrocities done by Columbus and other colonists to the natives living in America.
...ay from certain races, people, or women. This wouldn’t be quite as terrible, but the hypocrisy of promising rights to all, where everyone is created equal and then doing the exact opposite makes the matter worse. Women, natives, the poor, and black had to fight countless years just to be on the same level as their oppressors, with some taking much longer to gain anything close to equality. If there’s one thing that Howard Zinn’s shows us, is that America is not as great as portrayed and some of our great American heroes are quite monstrous and supports Mary Elizabeth Lease’s opinion that “this is nation of inconsistencies.”
In “How to Tell a True War Story” by Tim O’Brien, Orwell’s ideas are questioned and the competition between the truth and the underlying meaning of a story is discussed. O’Brien’s story depicts that the truth isn’t always a simple concept; and that not every piece of literature or story told can follow Orwell’s list of rules (Orwell 285). The story is told through an unnamed narrator as he re-encounters memories from his past as a soldier in the Vietnam War. With his recollection of past encounters, the narrator also offers us segments of didactic explanation about what a “true war story” is and the power it has on the human body (O’Brien 65). O’Brien uses fictional literature and the narration of past experiences to raise a question; to what extent should the lack of precision, under all circumstances, be allowed? In reality, no story is ever really truthful, and even if it is, we have no proof of it. The reader never feels secure in what they are being told. The reliability of the source, the author, and the narrator are always being questioned, but the importance of a story isn’t about the truth or the accuracy in which it is told, but about the “sunlight” it carries (O’Brien 81).
As everything else in life, not all of us can agree on one thing. Surprisingly, one of those things is slavery. You’d think that everyone with a beating heart would oppose enslaving a living thing, let alone an actual human being. However, the reality is different. There are two sides to this argument, the heartless and the human. Slavery was first institutionalized in Virginia between 1640 to 1662. Not a lot is has been recorded about slavery in that particular period. Due to the lack of information, many misconceptions have been said. One of them is that the slave owners ' best interest was to protect the slaves ' lives. Obviously, this wasn’t the case.
When slavery was introduced to the new world it established the very foundation of America. The United States Government has always supported slavery since its inception. Slavery has always been profitable for the powerful white elite. In Chapter 9 “SLAVERY WITHOUT SUBMISSION, EMANCIPATION WITHOUT FREEDOM “ by Howard Zinn points out how it would take a full-scale slave rebellion or a full-scale war to end such a deeply entrenched system. Zinn provides details of how slaves were kept into slavery by whipping, religion, separating families, and even killing. Zinn also makes note of the emergence of white abolitionist before the Civil War. White abolitionist were against slavery and some of
In July 1839, fifty-four African captives boarded the Amistad and head to the Americas. During their journey, they were able to break free of their chains and take over the ship. Despite their best efforts to sail back to Africa, they were once again captured and put on trial in the United States. Due to the current progress of the abolishment of slave trafficking, all that were captured on the Amistad were set free. However, this was not the fortune of millions of slaves both before and after the Amistad. Thousands of slaves died before making it to the Americas. Due to the cruelty and sanitation issues of the ship, those who did survive the grueling journey had to do so in unlivable conditions. The victims of the Middle Passage suffered ruthless treatment throughout their journey across the Atlantic Ocean.
Others had the Achilles tendon cut; worst of all, some were killed. Not only were these punishments given if they tried to escape, but the punishments that may have been given if they tried to escape where nothing compared to what could have been done just to keep the slaves in check. On a few accounts, owners in Virginia, would smoke their slaves like meat. Another master would nail the slaves in a box with the nails sticking out and toss them off a steep hill so that they would hit the nails as they went down. These are only a few examples of what could have happened.
Taking a closer look at Zinn’s quote, the first provocative part begins when he states that America was not created as a symbol for democracy, freedom and the meshing of cultures; but rather it was created as large scheme for t...
Howard Zinn’s main point in chapter one of A People’s History of the United States is that history is more accurate through the eyes of the oppressed. Zinn states that choosing to ignore the oppressed in history is “...more than technical, it is ideological” (Zinn 5). This is because in not paying attention to the subdued, one also chooses to ignore the majority of history. If the champion is the only one who gets to tell the story it is more often than not missing key details and glorified in favor of the oppressor. An example of this is Columbus’ descriptions of the Arawak people. He describes them as ignorant, naive, and even compares them to animals. In reality the Arawaks were a developed people with advanced laws and traditions. Also
The slave Traders genuinely did not care about the treatment of slaves, and they treated them how ranchers would treat their cattle. This is proven by Zinn, “They are brought down to a large plain, where the ships surgeon examines every part of them, to the smallest member, men and women being stark naked… Such are allowed good and sound are set on one side… Marked on the breast with a red hot iron, imprinting the mark of the French, English, or Dutch companies” (28). The Traders did not care about the treatment of the slaves only that the slaves got to their future Owners marked and ready for servitude. If a few slaves were lost along the way it did not bother the Traders much, they still got their profit and moved on. While the slave Owners had to treat them a little better because they were their property now. The treatment of slaves in America became known as, “It was a harsh servitude, but they had rights which slaves brought to America did not have, and they were altogether different from the human cattle of the slave ships and the American plantations” (27). The slave Traders treated the slaves like products while the slave Owners simply thought of them as farming equipment. The Owners knew in order to prosper they needed to take care of their equipment, but the slave Traders had the mentality that “there’s more where that came from”. It is in this way the slave Owners and Traders are
The just war theory is described by Thomas Massaro in his book Living Justice as the “principle that warfare might be justified under certain conditions” (108). The complexities involved with international relations makes determining a just war very difficult. Even though historically pacifism hasn’t gained much traction within Catholic circles, it currently is gaining popularity with many mainstream Catholics. With so many differing views on military action, one might ask, “What determines a just war? How can we balance the need for peace with self-defense?” An examination of criteria for a just war and critiques written on this topic might shed light on these two questions.
The prevailing opinion is that European explorers came to the America’s to peacefully colonize and gradually begin mutually beneficial relationships with the native people. However, Howard Zinn proves that the majority of explorers could not coexist with the native tribes, as the conquerors slowly stole their land, and did not return the initial hospitality most of the natives had showed to them. Therefore, the European colonizers blatantly ignored the rights of the Native Americans and acted with violence towards them. In order to conquer the natives, the colonizers “set fire to the wigwams of the village” and “ [destroyed] their crops” (Zinn).
It is prudent to speak here to the inhumane way in which the slaves were transported during this first leg of the journey. The trading of slaves was very lucrative for the Europeans. As it goes in business, the higher the demand, the larger the quantities supplied. All the slaves were branded to show to whom they belonged, and the male slaves were shackled together and packed in the hole like sardines, while the women and children were sometimes allowed to stay on deck. Any acts of aggression by the men or women resulted in severe beatings to discourage the behavior. Imagine being beaten and shackled with a rival tribe man or not being able to communicate with the person beside you because you both spoke different languages!