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Positives about the black death
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The black death research paper 1500s
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The Black Death was an epidemic of plague caused by a microbe called Yersinia pestis, which killed more than third of Europe population. It took decades for historians and Microbiologist to find the origins of plague, but they finally find the first clear evidence of Yersinia petis infection, which was the Plague of Justinian. In a new research, researchers find out that this bacterium was infecting people as long as 5,000 years ago.
The Black Death (also called the "plague" or the "pestilence", the bacteria that causes it is Yersinia Pestis) was a devastating pandemic causing the death of over one-third of Europe's population in its major wave of 1348-1349. Yersinia Pestis had two major strains: the first, the Bubonic form, was carried by fleas on rodents and caused swelling of the lymph nodes, or "buboes", and lesions under the skin, with a fifty-percent mortality rate; the second, the pneumonic form, was airborne after the bacteria had mutated and caused fluids to build up in the lungs and other areas, causing suffocation and a seventy-percent mortality rate.
The actual cause of the Black Death is still debated today, but most historians believe that it was the result of a plague with bacteria. The bubonic plague most likely affected humans with a bacterium that caused many problems. The bacterium that caused the bubonic plague is called Yersinia pestis. A combination of old historical records and details give some evidence that the bubonic plague was indeed caused by this bacteria. Scientists have worked to obtain even more evidence by excavations. Burial sites from the Black Death period were excavated to find the skeletons of plague victims. The skeletons were tested in order to see if the victims had be...
After a series of biochemical tests and evaluation to determine several unknown bacteria, the bacterium Yersinia pestis was chosen to report. The discovery of Y. pestis dates back to 1894 by French/Swiss physician and bacteriologist named Alexandre Yersin. The name Yersinia pestis is synonymous with its more common name, the plague. Y. pestis is known to infect small rodents such as mice and rats, but is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected animal or flea. Although this bacterium is known to still cause illness today, it is infamous for three pandemics that occurred in earlier centuries. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the first recorded pandemic occurred in 541 A.D. and is known as the Justinian Plague. The second pandemic originated in China in 1334 and has received the egregious name the “Black Death.” Finally, the third outbreak took place in the 1860’s and is known as the Modern Plague. It wasn’t until the end of the Modern Plague that scientists discovered the causative agent and mode of transmission of the Yersinia pestis bacterium.
The Black Death is one of the deadliest epidemics to ever hit mankind. It is estimated that this epidemic killed nearly 30%-60% of the population depending on the location. Recently, scholars have argued over the existence of the Black Death as a Plague in the form of Yersinia Pestis. Many argue, through scientific research and primary sources, that the Black Death was indeed a plague. Their critics argue that there is not enough evidence in the correlation of the scientific research and the primary sources to conclude that the Black Death was really a plague. The primary source The Black Death, by Rosemary Horrox, is a compilation of different accounts of the plague throughout Europe in the 1300’s. The two modern sources Plague Historians
The Black Death, also known as the Black Plague and Bubonic Plague, was a catastrophic plague that started out in Asia and began to spread into Europe. In the span of three years, the Black Death killed about one third of all the people in Europe. The plague started out in the Gobi Dessert in Mongolia during the 1320’s. From the desert the plague began to spread outwards in all directions. China was among the first to suffer from the plague in the early 1330s before the plague hit Europe.
The Fifteenth Century was a time of exploration, learning, and heartbreak. England was going through a devastating black plague. China began the century imputing their ideology of individualism ("Ancient China: The 15th Century Fleet"). Spain began the Spain we know as today economic power, art, and exploration ("The Spanish Empire Begins"). Thus, England, China, and Spain all came out of the dark ages stronger than they came in.
The plague was one of the most devastating points in time for the Athenians and Thebans.They did not know who to turn to for help. The people in the cities of Athens and Thebes had different reactions when they were faced with the plague. In The History of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides, during the plague speech by Pericles, the plague in Athens had made the Athenians lose their faith in the gods and let human nature take over. However, in Oedipus the King by Sophocles, everyone went to the leader for help and never stopped praying to the gods. In both cities their reactions differed in that the Athenians lost their faith while the Thebans continued their faith in the gods while going through the difficult time of the plague.
The Black Death started its rage in the year 1347, but it is hard to know exactly where and how it originated (Dunn 12). Even today, there are differing theories on how the plague became so violent. However, the history leading up to the outbreak of plague gives clues about the Black Death’s origin. First of all, the plague of the fourteenth century might not have been altogether something new (Zahler 28). Even in the biblical times, plague could have already been present. The Bible speaks of instances where people suffered boils on their bodies. In Exodus, God sends a plague of boils to the Egyptians to punish the stubborn Pharaoh for keeping the Israelites in bondage. Some evidence was even found of this plague in ancient Egypt. An archaeologist found an Egyptian medical text of 1500 B.C. called the Ebers Papyrus, describing a disease with symptoms of boils, which modern scientists think to be plague (Zahler 28). Later on in the Old Testament, the first book of Samuel also gives mention of a plague that the Philistines had where boils covered their bodies (Zahler 28). These boils mentioned were likely identical to buboes, one of the apparent symptoms of the Black Death.
The Black Plague or the Black Death was the name associated to the three-type disease that nearly wiped out an entire civilization. The roots of the Black plague have been traced back to a bacterium called Yersina pestis. named by a French biologist Alexandre Yersin. The disease travels from person to person through the lungs, through the air, or through the bite of infected fleas and rats. There were three different versions of the plague, which included the Bubonic plague, pneumonic plague, and the septicemic plague. Each of these infected the host and weakened the entire body eventually leading to death.
The late middle ages was a time quite different the period before it. Whereas the high middle ages was filled with prosperity and advancement the late middle ages can almost be described as the exact opposite. The Black Death symbolizes this period in time perfectly capturing the sheer darkness during this period with the bubonic plague greatly impacting Europe’s population. Dante Alighieri’s The Divine Comedy follows Dante’s travel through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven. The dark tragedy fits in very well with what was happening during the Late Middle Ages. Along with the bubonic plague and Dante’s The Divine Comedy, there was Paulo Uccello’s painting The Battle of San Romano. The painting showed the darkness and bloodiness of war, which typically was not depicted before in paintings. The Black Death, The Divine Comedy, and The Battle of San Romano are all extremely significant to this time period in many different ways.
When the black death mysteriously and suddenly hit Europe, it spread at an unbelievable speed leaving almost no city untouched. The citizens of fourteenth century Europe were unsure of how to cope with half the population being wiped out in such a short time span. What had caused this “great mortality”? Who was really to blame for their suffering? How were they to overcome it? While being overwhelmed with sickness and a number of dilemmas stemming from it, many societies became weak and eventually fell apart.
The Black Death was an epidemic of bubonic plague. This disease was caused by the bacteria “Yersinia Pestis” which is spread by wild rodents that live in big numbers. The Black Death was one of the biggest pandemics in history and eradicated over an estimated 75-200 million people around the years of 1346-1353. The Black Death had an impact on society and changed it in many ways some of these impacted were; Religion, Political structure and Health. The Black Death killed more Europeans than any other endemic or war, however is caused society to change forever.
The Black Death is now known to be spread by a flea. However, this flea was not the cause as it was the bacterium which lay in the stomach of the flea. This bacterium’s scientific name is Yersinia pestis. The main host of the flea is a rat, scientifically called Rattus rattus. Humans caught the disease because when the rats bred rapidly, it would lead to a population invasion. When the rat died, the flea would have to find another warm-blooded host to feed on, and next to them are humans. The flea bites the human and infects them. The unhygienic living conditions in the Middle Ages led to a faster spread of the disease, as a result creating a better environment for rats to live in. The lack of knowledge in the fourteenth century led to even worse remedies.
The Bubonic Plague, otherwise known as the Black Death, is a raging disease. Most people think of it as the physical Grim Reaper of their town or community. The disease lasted about six years, 1347 to 1352. The Bubonic Plague was a travesty that has traveled throughout Europe and has raged and decimated both large and small towns, putting Europe through a lot. The disease spreads through a bacteria called Yersinia Pestis.
Plagues have often afflicted the world and caused tremendous death numbers throughout societies. Two of the most famous plagues in world history occurred in the years 431 and 552 BCE. These plagues were recorded by historians so as to not forget the tragic toll it played throughout the world. Thucydides, a historian of Greek tradition, became a victim of a plague brought on by war and documented the plague in Athens and Spartan for over 30 years. While Procopius, a historian of Byzantine Emperor Justinian era documented the plague in Justinian. However, how these two historians chronicle their respective plagues in their respective nations differs by the common assumptions of human behavior and the divine role the forces play in human history.