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Effect of corruption in nigeria essay
Essay on nigeria civil war
Corruption in Nigeria introduction
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Life offers many memories, some are good and many are bad, but we learn from all of them and hold onto them. The movie “Half of the Yellow Sun,” which is based on a book of the same title by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, amazingly offers a story of Nigeria and the struggle the Igbo people went through during the Civil War of 1967 and 1970. This was a very horrific moment for many people at that time. The main actors in the film are two twin sisters whose parents were very rich back then before the war began. Once the war came, things went from good to terrible in many different ways. In this film, the relationship between the twin sisters reveals a deep understanding of what was happening in their country. Throughout the film, it is easy to see …show more content…
The following statement from a book reviews that I was reading by Holzgrefe et al. On” The Struggle for Modern Nigeria: The Biafran War 1967–1970 “by Michael Gould, really lays out what the conflict was in this bloody war”. The war had its origins in ethnic rivalry within the Nigerian army. After Abubakar Tafawa Balewa’s government was overthrown in January 1966, in a coup led by junior-ranked Igbo officers, Major-General Johnson AguiyiIronsi was nominated Head of State by those government ministers who had survived the coup. Given that Aguiyi-Ironsi was an Igbo and that those killed in the coup were senior politicians from the Western and Northern provinces (including Tafawa Balewa and the Northern premier Ahmadu Bello), the coup quickly became characterized as an Igbo conspiracy to control Nigeria.” It is clear here as we see children of the same land betraying one another because of certain greediness, misunderstanding, and personal interest as is the relationship between the two sisters who fight over things which could have been stopped if they only thought things through. The author of the review continues the statement further, saying: “Though Aguiyi-Ironsi was quickly overthrown in a counter-coup masterminded by northern Muslim officers, which placed General Yakubu Gowon as the new head of the Federal Military Government (FMG), ethnic tensions spiralled. Consequently, anti-Igbo pogroms in the north followed, with 30,000 Igbos being killed and over one million fleeing the north to the eastern part of the country. Such widespread ethnic violence alongside the reversal of Aguiyi-Ironsi’s own coup led many Igbos to conclude that a united Nigeria could not guarantee their safety or their equal role in the country and that secession was a viable option.”Prior to the colonialist, it can be said that though conflict existed between the many tribes
In the novel “Homecoming” by Yaa Gyasi, the family tree of two half-sisters, Effia and Esi, is explored. Although they share blood, these half-sisters are sent down completely different paths. Each successive generation of the family tree is impacted as a result of the disparate experiences of these half-sisters. The novel begins with the story of Effia, known as “Effia the Beauty.” Effia grew up feeling ashamed and unloved because of the lack of affection she received from Baaba, the non-biological mother of Effia.
Prior to the 19th century, the Europeans traded mainly for African slaves. It turns out they were not immune towards certain diseases and therefore had an increasing risk of becoming sick. For years to come this continued, but not much land was conquered. Eventually, conference between only the Europeans was held to divide up the land appropriately, and the scramble for Africa began. The driving forces behind European imperialism in Africa were expanding empires, helping natives, and natural resources.
February 15th, 1898, all is quiet in Havana Harbor. The crew of the USS Maine is sound asleep less a few solitary watchmen. The brackish sea air and the calm ocean breeze are soothing and peaceful. This would hardly suggest the terror about to erupt on this “peaceful” visit to the Spanish-controlled Cuban harbor. At 9:45PM, a violent explosion rips the Maine apart sending it plummeting down to the muddy sea floor and killing nearly all of her crew. All of the Spanish boats in the harbor rushed to the aid of the American vessel and its survivors: the commander, Captain Charles D. Sigsbee, and a few lucky crewmembers. Even though Captain Sigsbee, a favorite of the Naval Department, urged President McKinley not to react in an aggressive manner toward Spain, the media, namely New York newspaper editors Pulitzer and Hearst, already inflating current issues relating to the Cuban revolution, spin the incident out of control. The American public goes mad with suspicion of Spanish fowl play and the sinking of the USS Maine serves as the immediate catalyst to the Spanish-American war.
”Two little groups of people stood at a respectable distance beyond the stools. they faced the elder’s” (Achebe,1994,p.87). The court system only consist of the elders of the village but, all of the elders are males. And because they are males so they are biased to the other males so it can become an unfair court trial for the women of the village because the elder’s side with the men. Therefore there is still the debate that it is only their way of life so the Igbo people are still somewhat
The short stories “Two Sisters” and “Wedding at the Cross” are filled with examples of the powerful hand men and Western colonialism played in the lives of African women, but they also provide examples of women rising above these oppressors. Ama Aito Aidoo and Ngugi Wa Thiong'o give a representation of the societies that hindered and oppressed African women in a post-colonial Africa. Through the actions taken by the characters, the authors offer commentary on the social situation and on the way women can change their position. The short stories depict the everyday life of the women and take the reader through their journey for independence from men and Western colonialism.
Since the beginning of Thomas Jefferson's presidency, Britain has continually pushed the Jefferson administration to the limit. Britain's opinion of Americans has always been as being an inferior British colony, even though they won the revolution. Britain overstepped the boundaries and took advantage of the Americans once again and it was inevitable that the Americans would have to retaliate. They retaliated against the British colonies, in Upper and Lower Canada in the War of 1812. Americans view the War of 1812 as the second war for independence because of British threats on American sovereignty, prevailing attitudes of American congressman and the natives.
The Sierra Leone Civil War lasted eleven years and left Sierra Leone scared and unconstructed. The Revolutionary United Front (RUF) bombarded the country but faced constant resistance from the Sierra Leone Military. Both sides relied heavily on child soldiers throughout the war and a projected 5,000 to 10,000 child soldiers were collectively used by both the Sierra Leone government and the RUF. These children forcibly entered into a life of violence and oppression, and they have since struggled to reintegrate back into society. Child soldiers have returned home with no family or future and many still face severe complications.
Chinua Achebe?s Things Fall Apart is a narrative story that follows the life of an African man called Okonkwo. The setting of the book is in eastern Nigeria, on the eve of British colonialism in Africa. The novel illustrates Okonkwo?s struggles, triumphs, and his eventual downfall, all of which basically coincide with the Igbo?s society?s struggle with the Christian religion and British government. In this essay I will give a biographical account of Okonwo, which will serve to help understand that social, political, and economic institutions of the Igbos.
On May 6th 1998, Ethiopian and Eritrean patrols engaged in an all out battle. While it may not have been the “shot heard round the world”, it certainly was a shot the disrupted a previously peaceful vicinity. It was also a shot that completely changed the Horn of Africa, and permanently disrupted Ethiopian economy. It was also a shot that interrupted the young life of Benyam Berhe. Benyam Berhe experienced this war in a way completely unique from anyone else in the United States, because he lived it. America hasn’t seen foreign troops on its soil since the war of 1812. Americans cannot possibly relate to hearing mortar fire from our very own homes.
...at shocked me through all these articles is how there weren’t a single positive story about Nigeria. I had to get to the third page before I found something that was “kind of positive” about Nigeria. These definitely illustrate what the speaker was saying about single stories. Also 8 out of 10 stories where related to Boko haram. Therefore it won’t be a surprise for me to hear that people believe that Boko haram is the daily cup of tea. I didn’t really found anything that was directly related to the chapter because most of the stories were about BOKO haram crisis. The only thing that I found related to the chapter was how the Biafra war that has opposed the three major’s ethnics groups: Yoruba, Igbo and Hausas is still reflecting on the actual Nigerian crisis. In the north were these crisis are occurring, only certain ethnic groups or religious groups are attacked.
Around the mid twentieth century, Africa saw an increase in independence movements and decolonization efforts. Even up to the 1960s, some European powers still had a colony in Africa, such as France. In 1954, the National Liberation Front (FLN) in Algeria started a guerrilla campaign to gain independence from France. Much later in the decade, South Africa, who gained their independence from Great Briton in 1930, struggled with a racial system called Apartheid. This was used to suppress the native black population, and through racial segregation, the minority white population came into power. This paper will focus on these two events in African history and how the international community comprehended the reality of the two situations. In the case of the Algerian War of Independence, the different strategies that both the FLN and France used will be analyzed by the impact they had on the United Nations and the international community. Secondly, the use of song and culture in South Africa by the native population will be examined, and in particular the effects the Mayibuye Cultural Ensemble and the Amandla Cultural Ensemble had on international audiences and how useful it was in revealing the state of the population under Apartheid rule. Primarily, the films The Battle of Algiers and Amandla! will be used to provide a context, and thus the films will be portrayed through an international viewpoint.
The novel Things fall apart depicts the cultural battle between the Igbo and the British: one was trying to keep its tradition, and one wanted to change those traditions by replacing them with a new religion. Finally, the British won because of they could figure out the falsehood in the indigenous people’s degenerate customs and attack it. Nothing in this world is perfect, and it is hard for a culture to be perfect. However, if a culture wants to develop and thrive, it should respect the value of its entire people. That was the reason why the Igbo culture was destroyed, because of its conservativeness, gender differentiation and superstitiously killing of the innocent.
Religious accusations which serve as catalysts for conflict help to develop an accurate portrayal of imperialism and Ibo culture. In Things Fall Apart, the missionaries assertively state “Your gods are not alive and cannot do you any harm” (Achebe 146). This quotation shows the imperialists accusing the gods the Ibo people believe in and worship of being false gods that are idols. These gods cannot harm them and do not pose any threats. Also, in Achebe’s interview, “An African Voice,” he says “You have leaders who see nothing wrong in inciting religious conflict. It’s all simply to retain power” (Achebe, pars. 9-10). Achebe says that it’s all about staying in control and sustaining (political) power. He additionally implies that there are leaders who see nothing (morally) wrong ...
Demolished cities, torn families and decimated countries are a few of the destructive properties of war. Throughout history, the world has been through war after war, never ceasing. Two of the greatest and most destructive wars were World War I and World War II. These wars involved most of the world’s countries and ended with tragic results. The wars also left many soldiers with various mental and physical problems that ruined their social lives. John F. Kennedy once said that “Mankind must put an end to war before war puts an end to mankind.” For the most part, he is right; if war does not end, it will end humankind. The main problem with this is that most people barely even know how destructive war can be; people believe war is the only way to solve problems with other countries. The problem with that is that war often uncovers or starts new problems that can affect others more than the past problems. Literature has helped people grasp at the understanding of what happens during wars and the problems that it can create. Some go into deep aspects of significant wars while others go into wars that everyone fights within themselves. Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein, William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Beowulf and John Milton’s Paradise Lost are a few pieces of the thousands of works of literatures that capture the tragic, destructive power of war, global and small.
The Bangladesh Liberation War was a revolutionary war of freedom in South Asia throughout 1971 which built the sovereign republic of Bangladesh. The war set East Pakistan (later joined by India) against West Pakistan, and kept going for over a term of nine months. It saw expansive scale monstrosities, the mass migration of 10 million outcasts and the relocation of 30 million people.