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How WWI changed America
American culture after World War 2
American culture after World War 2
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The Beat Generation During the 1950’s, the United States was the strongest country in the world with their military power and weaponry. In addition, the American economy and population were booming and consumerism overshadowed the dark past of WWII. Cars, suburban houses, and other consumer goods reflected the carefree, prosperous, and captivating lifestyles of millions of Americans across the country. The hope for a bright future in America was near, but there was one problem: Communism. The Soviet Union continued to maintain power and grew as their philosophy and mutual agreements spread across Asia. In order to contain the spread of communism in Asia, otherwise known as the “Domino Theory,” the United States intervened on numerous occasions …show more content…
This movement began at Columbia University in 1948 during a meeting between three of the most prominent Beat writers of their generation: Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, and William Burroughs. During this meeting, the Beat writers discussed their dissatisfaction with social norms, traditions, and social oppression and decided to implement a counter culture that allowed drug use, sexual intercourse, homosexuality, and other radical ideas. Some of the Beat writers such as Jack Kerouac, who was in Columbia on a football scholarship, abandoned their studies to pursue their prominent careers. After abandoning their traditional and oppressing lifestyles, the Beat writers experimented with drugs such as alcohol, marijuana, benzedrine, morphine, and others in order to achieve “enlightenment,” write their novels and poems, and other personal reasons. Most of these Beat writers, when they required money for food and rent, sold drugs and committed crimes instead of obtaining a typical job. The Beat Generation established the rebellious lifestyle that most young Americans desired at the …show more content…
With his stories of his travels across the country and México of his rebellious lifestyle, Kerouac gained popularity and recognition for his unique imaginative creativity. Born in Lowell, Massachusetts from French Canadian parents, Kerouac was born speaking English, raised in a Catholic household, and played football in high school and Columbia University. Kerouac quit football after a foot injury and enlisted to fight in WWII. After a few months of a disastrous war experience, Kerouac returned to Columbia and met with John Clellon Holmes and Herbert Huncke to establish the name “Beat Generation,” regarding the era after WWII where oppression and defeat were evident. The name was also regarded as a derivative of Jazz since the Beat writing is inspired by the style and momentum of the genre. Kerouac decided to travel across the country and discover inspiration for his novels. His masterpiece novel On The Road, published in 1957, attracted numerous readers and it raised the Beat writing popularity. Through the use of spontaneous prose, Kerouac illustrated his random ideas, imaginative creativity, uncensored diction, and unedited writing in a conspicuous connection between his mind and his words. Yes, and it wasn't only because I was a writer and needed new experiences that I wanted to know Dean more, and because my life hanging around the campus had reached the completion
President Eisenhower’s foreign policies when implemented would facilitate the goal of containing communism, and also prevent the over-exertion of armed forces, which would demonstrate a weak American force like the French forces before them. President Eisenhower was referring to the battle between French forces and the Vietminh (the communist led forces of North Vietnam), and in which he began explaining how economically and geographically important Vietnam was to the United States and Asia. This first step is the first step towards preventing what he called the “falling domino” principle. President Eisenhower went on to explain that if South Vietnam falls to communism, then Laos would be next; and after Laos then Thailand and straight to Burma and that would lead communists to India, at the time a very strong and important ally of the United States. Even Japan, President Eisenhower warned, could be in danger of toppling, another domino in that row of Asia.
During the post WWII period in America, the face of the nation changed greatly under the presidency of Truman and Eisenhower. America underwent another era of good feelings as they thought themselves undefeatable and superior over the rest of the world. Communism was the American enemy and American sought to rid the world of it. Because of the extreme paranoia caused by Communism, conformity became an ideal way to distinguish American Culture from the rest. Conformity became a part of every American Life to a large extent. It became evident through the medium of culture, society and politics throughout the era of the 50s.
1. The sociocultural history of rock & roll during the 1950s created a metamorphosis of teenage mannerisms against the older generation. Shumway (118) emphasizes how the rock & roll periodization represses the nature of normal convention illustrated in “Blackboard Jungle”; through the deviant nature of boys against adults. The boys are malicious towards each other, sneering at one another just as Vince Everett did in “Jailhouse Rock”. While the post-war generation tried to discipline the baby boomers into their known demeanor, the recalcitrant teens rebelled against all means of adult intervention. Similarly Szatmary (50) expressed the generation gap between the baby-boomer and their parents fueled the fear of delinquency in their children. Shumway (125) refers to “Blackboard Jungle” to reiterate the essence of the song “Rock around the Clock” to define the conception of foreseen dangers of youth and the behaviors associated with rock & roll as a transformative cultural practice. In reference to the integration between African Americans and whites during the rock and roll era thr...
The 1950’s was a decade of traditionalist, middle-class, suburban white family values. At the time, the standard household consisted of a man to work and provide for his wife and children, and a stay-at-home mom who managed cooking, cleaning, and caring for the kids. The 1950’s could very well be compared to the television programs of the day; dull. It was rock and roll that added a vibrant splash of color to mid-20th century American society and continued to impact the world for years to come. It affected our social livelihoods; how we talk, how we dress and interact. Politics were also affected by the music. Decisions regarding the Vietnam War and also formation of new regulatory agencies occurred in part or whole by rock and roll. Many will also argue the influence it had on, as well as the influence it drew from the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960’s.
... Without the authors William Burroughs, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Allen Ginsberg, and Jack Kerouac, the Beats would not have been nearly as memorable. Their views on homosexuality, drugs, religion, and politics were considered radical and even revolutionary for the time period. It gave them a longevity that would only be matched by the restless individuals of the 1960s individuals influenced directly by the Beat philosophy. The Beat Generation single-handedly paved the path to future waves of counter-culture.
The 1950s seemed like a perfect decade. The rise of suburbs outside cities led to an expansion of the middle class, thus allowing more Americans to enjoy the luxuries of life. The rise of these suburbs also allowed the middle class to buy houses with land that used to only be owned by more wealthy inhabitants. Towns like Levittown-one of the first suburbs- were divided in such a way that every house looked the same (“Family Structures”). Any imperfections were looked upon as unfavorable to the community as a whole. Due to these values, people today think of the 1950s as a clean cut and model decade. This is a simplistic perception because underneath the surface, events that took place outside the United States actually had a direct effect on our own country’s history. The rise of Communism in Russia struck fear into the hearts of the American people because it seemed to challenge their supposedly superior way of life.
Tytell, John. "The Beat Generation and the Continuing American Revolution". American Scholar 42 (1973): 308-317.
Jack Kerouac, was born on March 12, 1922 in Lowell, Massachusetts, as the youngest of three children. Jack decided to be a writer after his brother Gerard died at the age of nine. From the life and death experience of his brother's death, and the Catholic faith of his childhood, he developed a spiritual tendency in his character that would last throughout his life. The fact that Kerouac was a spiritual "seeker," may be the most vital aspect of his life. In post WWII, Eisenhower America, Jack Kerouac came from a poor rustic industrial community to change the face of American Culture forever. He chronicled the wild rebellious culture of "the Beats" in the late 50's and early 60's, paving the way for a more accepting American Society and the tolerance of alternative lifestyles enjoyed today.
The Beatnik Riot of 1961 characterized the young Americans of the United States that were fighting for their rights. The young radicals rebelled against the milquetoast population of America during this time. The riot conveyed that the beats were not only fighting for their right to sing, but for equality of sex and race. The Beatnik Riot started a domino effect of protests across the United States.
America was built on rebellion. This was no different for the Beat Generation whom took Americans in the 20th century, into a new way of life. Middle class free spirited people who questioned the practices of everyday lifestyle and mainstream culture, the beats lived in disillusionment with society. The fifties being a time of conservative family morals encouraged the bohemian nature of the beats for their want to experience more. The nature of this rejection is expected but, why? And how does such rebellion begin to take place, what forms does it take, and does such rebellion provide a lasting change?
As World War Two came to a close, a new American culture was developing all across the United States. Families were moving away from crowded cities into spacious suburban towns to help create a better life for them during and after the baby boom of the post-war era. Teenagers were starting to become independent by listing to their own music and not wearing the same style of clothing as their parents. Aside from the progress of society that was made during this time period, many people still did not discuss controversial issues such as divorce and sexual relations between young people. While many historians regard the 1950s as a time of true conservatism at its finest, it could really be considered a time of true progression in the American way of life.
The movement started after the assassination of President Kennedy, led to protests against the Vietnam War, civil rights movement, usage of psychoactive drugs, sexual liberation, a new taste in music, such as the rock genre from bands like The Beatles, and more. This generation in the 60’s began the ideas of peace, love, harmony, freedom and community. They were associated with energetic, vibrant colors and spreading peace signs such as, “Make love, not war”. The movement originated in San Francisco, New York City, Chicago, and many other prime cities. Later, they went on to spark new beginnings in other countries such as Canada and England.
The nineteen fifties was a decade of prosperous times in America, but the average lifestyle of an American seemed extremely dull. The average American conformed to social norms, most Americans in the nineteen fifties dressed alike, talked the same way, and seemed to have the same types of personality. Music is what started to change the conformist lifestyle in America. Teenagers started to rebellion against their families by listening to Rock-n-Roll...
The Beat Generation Quickly became known by their very aggressive way of writing. Their writing included from what people from the American society thought to be disrespectful and offensive type of writing, where they included Sex, drugs, race, and Rock n Roll in every one of their writings. They did this to simply make a statement. A statement that suggests that they do not care who they offend, they did this to tell their side of the story on how they thought postwar society had turned into, and how they wanted to rebel in regards of how the American culture turned into because of it. They loved that all of their works were involved with drugs, sex, and music because they were fascinated with it all (Sterritt, 2) and once some of their works came out everyone immediately knew who they were. This is what was known as a rebirth of a new world that influenced the twentieth century in a way that no one will ever forget.
The Beat Generation: A Cultural Revolution In the 1950's, society's prudish view on art was drastically altered. If not for this era, art (literature, music, and fashion) would not be as exceptional as it is today. Prior to the beat generation, the conformists of America censored everything; freedom of expression was unheard of. The Beat Generation, blooming in the 1950's, inspired a group of people whose unparalleled creativity shaped the worlds definition of art today.