Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Thesis on thalidomine
The use of Thalidomide started in 1957 in Germany. It was developed by a German company. It was on the market, from January 1957- December 1961. Once it came out in the stores it became popular in Europe and Germany as aspirin. The bottle that read STRICT WARNING: DO NOT TAKE IF PREGNANT! many still did because they thought it would help with the side effects of being pregnant. It also said DO NOT give to children under twelve years old, but, the mothers still did. Shortly after the debut of this drug more than 2,500 children were born with limbs that were not fully developed. Out of 2,500 children only 466 children survived.The women would take this drug in their first trimester, and so that is why the children were born they way they were. Once the children were born the Thalidomide …show more content…
http://multinationalmonitor.org/hyper/issues/1987/04/thalidomide.html. The lesson that they learned was always read the label on bottles and don’t just assume that it will help you with the side effects or for being pregnant. They would die from one thing that their mother did when she was pregnant. Now, it’s a good thing they took Thalidomide off the market and got rid of it forever because we would have more and more people die or have defected limbs and get bullied at school or any place. Another reason it is good that we do not have Thalidomide is because there would be more accidents if people are born with their arms and legs close to them. They would have to sit close to the steering wheel and have a long stick type thing to help the must the gas and break. http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-15536544. http://www.thalidomide.ca/recognition-of-thalidomide-defects/ Finally, Thalidomide is no joke it can kill little innocent kids even their mother too. No one should have to go through the death of a little kid that was just born or even a few months old. Thalidomide should never be made again in any part of the
Two weeks after he was discharged the baby who had received SimplyThick was readmitted, according to Saint Louis (2013) because of a distended abdomen and what seemed to be inconsolable pain. Soon after he was readmitted the baby passed away from NEC. A month after the incident the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (F.D.A.) issued a statement about SimplyThick stating that it should not be give...
was approved in 1982 and in another form, that is to be taken orally rather than
...ion. After 40 years since FDA approval, the Pill has been modified with a smaller dosage of hormones, which addressed the risks previously associated. The risks associated with the Pill have decreased. With the help of safety profiles, women are now screened for risk factors, such as smoking, high blood pressure, history of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The Pill has since evolved into a safer oral contraceptive causing the focus from supposed health risks to real health benefits such as, protection against ovarian and endometrial cancers.
Meanwhile for other babies having an underdeveloped brain could cause major physical problems for the child. This could include hearing loss and visual problems which would mean that the child would not be able to recognise voices and its surroundings. Another problem this could cause is feeding problems because the child might not be able to swallow this would cause major issues because the child wouldn't be able to get the nutrients it needs to
...s little information about the possible benefits of the study or the side effects. The side effects proved to be significant (gastrointestinal complains, headache, and an elevation of alanine aminotransferase), while the benefits were minimal. This situation emphasizes the need for a balanced approach when it comes to drug clinical trials.
Modern birth control pills were approved by the FDA in the 1960s. This was heralded
Unfortunately they made the decision to essentially end their child’s life. One can assume they chose this because of his mental disability which is extremely unethical in our society today. There was a similar story that made headlines in 1982 when a boy was born with downs syndrome and a tracheoesophageal fistula. The parents of the child decided to refuse surgery for their newborn baby and it resulted in the baby dying of dehydration (White, 2011). This caused an uproar and there was a revision made to the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act that made physicians able to make medical decisions for infants even if the parents do not concur (White, 2011).
Birth control has been a controversial topic from the beginning of time till now. Some of the world stands against the use of birth control methods and medications all together while others think it is one of the greatest things ever invented. Some families, groups, religions, and other countries define birth control as abstinence or not having sex until marriage. Birth control’s other leading definition is using medication to prevent pregnancy. Different methods of birth control are as simple as the withdrawal or pulling out before ejaculation method. Others are more complicated like the Nuvaring, vaginal ring, or Mirena which are placed inside the vagina. There are various types of birth control options on the market today, but one of the oldest and most reliable, used by women every day, is oral contraceptives or birth control pills. Oral contraceptives have been developed to help prevent pregnancy along with combating other things such as cramps, bloating, and some even help with acne and mood swings. Due to the various ways birth control pills can help women they have become extremely popular. Amongst the different types of birth control pills Yaz has arisen in the last ten years as one of the most popular on the market. However, just because it is popular does that make it safe to use? Negative reports have surfaced about what Yaz is made of, lawsuits, deaths, and the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA’s) involvement with the Bayer Company the makers of Yaz.
There was a feud between feminists who wanted flibanserin regardless of the side effects, and FDA who believed the approval for safety of flibanserin was an elongated process. This paper will explain the six reasons why flibanserin had been mistakenly approved by FDA.
Guttmacher, Alan. "Mifepristone s Safety Is Well-Established." Clinical Fact Sheets: Mifepristone Safety Overview. Association of Reproductive Health Professionals, Apr. 2008. Web. 18 Mar. 2013.
Stubblefield, P. "Self-Administered Emergency Contraception -- A Second Chance." 339 New England Journal of Medicine 41 [July 2, 1998].
It became known as the “wonder drug” that would stop morning sickness without any risk. It was only found to be extremely dangerous in 1961 when McBride began to notice that the severe birth defects that had appeared in the babies of his patients was linked to the taking of Thalidomide. It was then found that Thalidomide is a teratogen, or a factor that causes malformations of an embryo. “Before 1961, there was very little evidence for drug-induced malformations in humans. But in that year, Lenz and McBride independently accumulated evidence that a mild sedative, thalidomide, caused an enormous increase in a previously rare syndrome of congenital anomalies. Nowack documented the period of susceptibility during which thalidomide caused these abnormalities. The drug was found to be teratogenic only during days 34-50 after the last menstruation” (Gilbert, 2013, ch. 21). It was found that Thalidomide could cross the placental wall and into the fetus and cause malformations of the fetus. Although it is still unclear exactly how Thalidomide acts as a mutagen so that the babies are born disabled, and there are new theories being developed to this day of how Thalidomide works exactly to cause these malformations, it is obvious to scientists that it penetrated the placental wall and somehow entered thefetus. Thalidomide produced the most devastating effects when taken in the first trimester of pregnancy. The “Thalidomide babies” that survived were born with severe defects including blindness, deafness, cleft palate, and the most common deformity of a Thalidomide baby, phocomelia, which is malformation of the limbs, so that all four limbs are very short and flipper-like. The number of deformed babies born from mothers who took Thalidomide varies from source to source, however 10-20 thousand would be an accurate number. The Thalidomide disaster was most definitely a global issue because Thalidomide
Thalidomide is a sleeping sedative (The First Appearance Of Thalidomide, n.d.). The drug was “similar to barbiturates with relatively low known toxicity in adults (Breaking News Thalidomide, n.d.)”. Thalidomide was marketed as safe for pregnant women, who used it to combat morning sickness (The First Appearance Of Thalidomide, n.d.). The drug was developed by West German Pharmaceutical Company, Chemie Grünenthal GmbH, because the company wanted to expand the antibiotics it produced (The First Appearance Of Thalidomide, n.d.). “It was an inclusive anti-convulsive drug” (The First Appearance Of Thalidomide, n.d.). Thalidomide is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and metabolized through a no enzymatic pathway, undergoing spontaneous
However, regardless of the outcome, thalidomide is proven to affect our health. In the 1960’s, thalidomide was one of the most dangerous pharmaceuticals on the market. It started off as a drug, prescribed to mothers experiencing mild or severe morning sickness as a result of their pregnancies. It was later discovered by toxicologists that thalidomide was a teratogen. The most common effect of thalidomide to the embryos was peripheral neuropathy (See figure 3). This is a disorder is the result of damage to your peripheral nerves, and often causes weakness, numbness and pain, usually in one’s hands and feet (Mayo Clinic, 2017). Peter G. Wells, a scientist who specializes in toxicology concluded from his extensive research on thalidomide that the reason it causes birth defects, including peripheral neuropathy, is because is breaks down. He discovered that once a small dose of thalidomide has been ingested, it breaks down into many different compounds, which last approximately 40 times longer than thalidomide itself. These compounds ultimately lead to the production of highly toxic forms of oxygen, called "reactive oxygen species," (ROS) including hydrogen peroxide and free radicals that alter disrupt normal embryonic development, causing birth defects (Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2011). Thalidomide negatively impacted a mother's health because it invades the embryo and causes mutations to the genes of the limbs. Thalidomide is also a neurotoxin because peripheral neuropathy causes severe pain and stabbing sensations that are altered signals from the brain to the limbs, causes by the compounds that break down from the initial
There are many other options and treatment plans for people to consider before handing their life over to drugs. Drugs are not meant to be legalized without proper information and education about the drug for the public. Educational programs in the school system are a way of teaching the youth of how harmful these substances are. Even though some may be effective in treating pain, there are long-term side effects associated with these drugs that people need to consider. Pain is inevitable and suffering is