Tendering is the process of making an offer, bid or proposal, or expressing interest in response to an invitation or request for tender. Organisations will select an offer or tender that meets their needs and provides the best value for money. Main purpose of tendering • to select a suitable and capable contractor at a time appropriate to the circumstances of the project. • to obtain from the contractor selected at the proper time, an acceptable tender or offer upon which a contractor can be let or award. Tendering method: • Opening tendering - The employer advertises his proposed project, and permits as many contractors as are interested to apply for tender documents. Open tendering has been criticised for attracting tenders / expressions of interest from large numbers of suppliers, some of whom may be entirely unsuitable for the contract and as a result it can waste a great deal of time, effort and money. …show more content…
These Contractors are selected on their integrity, ability and characteristics before they are invited to tender. It follows that only firms of sufficient standing and experience in that particular type of work will be approached. The lowest tender will generally have to be accepted.Selective tendering can give clients greater confidence that their requirements will be satisfied and should reduce the wasted effort that can be involved in open tendering. • Negotiated tendering - employer inviting a contractor of his choice to submit prices for a project. Usually this is for specialized work or when particular equipment is needed as an extension of existing works, or for further work following a previous contract. negotiated tenders can be used when there is a very tight deadline, or emergency works are necessary. A negotiated tender has a good chance of being satisfactory because, more often than not, it is based on previous satisfactory working together by the employer and the
Based on the textbook and my understanding, whenever there are negotiations between a procurer and a supplier regarding a competitive bidding, the first thing that might be favored is the scope of the project, meaning both will sit down and discuss the entire project prior the work begins. Meanwhile, during the negotiations, evaluation criteria should be clear, and stated and defined. As the evaluation is based on the criteria stated and the procurer can request or ask the supplier’s opinions on certain specifications and where things can be improved.
In Jonathan Swift’s satire, “A Modest Proposal”, Swift writes about the starving people of Ireland in the early 1700’s. He makes a wild and absurd proposal to help remedy the problems of overpopulation and poverty. Swift wants to make a political statement by using the “children” as satire to grasp the attention of the audience - the English people, the Irish politicians and the rich – and make them aware of the political, moral, and social problems. In “A Modest Proposal”, Swift’s arguments are presented effectively by using pathos (emotional appeal), ethos (ethics and values), and logos (logic reasoning and facts).
Famous satirist, Jonathan Swift, in his essay, A Modest Proposal, talks about how to solve Ireland's overpopulation and severe poverty. Swift’s purpose in this essay is to convey how serious Ireland’s problem is and to convince the people of Ireland, both rich and poor, to make a change. Swift adopts a serious tone in order to make his ridiculous proposal seem “modest” when in fact it is ludicrous. This tone of his helps highlight just how severe Ireland's depression is.
Well known and famous author, Jonathan Swift, in his persuasive essay, A Modest Proposal, convincing people that there needs to be a new way to help out the population problem while helping out the hunger problem as well. Swift’s purpose of this essay is to show people another way to make the population go down but really he’s trying to grab their attention then inform them of his real idea. He adopts an aggressive tone in order to convey his audience which is the people of Ireland.
Jonathan Swift, a respected writer, wrote and publicized A Modest Proposal in 1729. His article’s purpose was proposing a solution for the poor people being a burden in Ireland, also known as poverty and starvation. Swift adopts an opinionated tone on the matter in order to successfully get his point across to readers. He wants readers to agree with his proposal, the intended audience being the Irish public.
The first definition in the Oxford English Dictionary defines tender as "to offer or advance (a plea, issue, averment; evidence, etc.) in due and formal terms; spec. to offer (money, etc.). in discharge of debt or liability" (def. 1). The adage of the adage.
If you look in a dictionary for the word comparison you would see, " The considering of two things with some regard to characteristic that is common to both, as the likening of a hero, to a Lion in courage"(Dictionary.com). In this case, I chose to delve into the realm of comparison with the two marvelous works of drama known as "Fences" by August Wilson, and "The Tender Offer" by Wendy Wasserstein. Both artists are American Play writers born around the time of the 50s who are renowned for their masterpieces of work and also both have won a Pulitzer Prize for their writing style. Both artists seem to have a manner of expression that resembles each other’s work alike. I also noticed both works of drama have a very similar style of theme that
“Demand more, Expect more, Achieve more.” A quote that I have cultivated as part of my academic and technical education in Greater Lawrence Technical School. As a senior in GLTS I have experienced life changing lessons that could only be taught in a school like this. The big stairs that greet us every morning accompanied by the joyous “Good Morning” given by our superintendent set a positive tone for our passion for learning. The way I see it is that by walking, sometimes even crawling these stairs every morning we are faced with a small task.
1. Identify the Problem As the country is progressing, the number of devices which support internet is increasing tremendously. Thus internet is of growing importance today. Also, broadband is the only mean of delivery mechanism for number of bandwidth intensive services like YouTube, Netflix etc. High speed broadband is very much essential from a commercial, educational, cultural and economical point of view.
CHAPTER ONE ADAPTING, INTERPRETING AND TRANSCREATING RABINDRANATH TAGORE'S WORKS ON SCREEN SOMDATTA MANDAL A minor work has no claim to act as more than a springboard when adapted for another medium, but a major work deserves, that any approach is made with respect to its essence. The scenario must express the quintessence of the book. It must emerge as clearly as possible, an honour to the original, to our process of transportation, and to cinematic art.
First, the designs are completed before tender and tender can provide good time and cost control. Also, the tenderer can receive complete information and design and they can bid on the same basis, so the competition is fair. Moreover, this is design-led and the client can change the design ability, so the level of functionality and quality will be increased in the overall design. And then, it is relatively easy to arrange and manage if the design will be changed because of the client’s needs and technology. Also, traditional paths are a tried and tested route, so it is well established and the market is very familiar with.
..., 2013). As these contractors are risk-averse, they will drop out in the first phase leaving only the most efficient contractors to compete against each other. Furthermore the inclusion of a premium, offers less incentive for collusion as contractors are more inclined to deviate from a cartel to receive a higher payoff. Although theoretically feasible in a controlled environment, in real life there are laws and regulations that protect firms against collusive practices. In the case where the client may suspect collusion is a real possibility, AMSA offers the most effective collusion deterrence. However administratively it may be difficult to implement phase 1, where the price sequentially drops as the tender process takes several months with contractors rarely interacting with each other compared to an auction where the bidders are together and bid in one sitting.
Working on tenders for the first few weeks was enjoyable for me as it did make me use all the techniques I learned at University in every stream of Civil Engineering that had been taught to us, namely; Geotechnical, Structural, Hydrology and Transport. I realise this might not be the same everywhere and usually Civil Engineers might focus on one type of stream, but I was happy that I had the opportunity to useall of my theoretical knowledge and applied them to real‐life
Each member firm is required to undertake an evaluation of every prospective client. This also involves obtaining and analyzing ’know your client’ information on the prospective client, its key management and significant beneficial owners.