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Public health around the world
Public health around the world
Public health and community health
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Ten Essential Public Health Services The 10 essential public health services are linked to the 3 core functions in providing the direction needed for public health to function to its maximum capacity. “The fundamental purpose of the public health are defined by three core functions: assessment, policy development, and assurance” (National Association of County & City Health Officials, n.a) as the core functions the public health are common to local, state, and federal public health agencies. The essential public health services are grouped under the three core functions. The assessment function includes monitoring trends in disease and injury and analyzing the risk and protective factors through further investigation. Next we have policy development and practices which falls upon effective communication and education approaches as well as the involvement from all major public health partners with a vested interest. The final core function is the assurance function which entails the enforcement of laws and statues, assure the provisions of health services, evaluation of programs and services, and research that informs and enhances public health practices. Applying the 10 essential public health services is an integral part in learning from case studies. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, any …show more content…
I feel the case study chosen for the unit one discussion could fall under essential three; inform, educate, and empower people about health issues. By using health education within the community you are building knowledge and developing skills to recognize the importance of education on male circumcision and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Weather it is or it is not the circumcised men might have a lower the risk of certain sexual transmitted infection, including Human Immunodeficiency Virus, safe sexual practices should still remain
One of the five key principles of care practice is to ‘Support people in having a voice and being heard,’ (K101, Unit 4, p.183). The key principles are linked to the National Occupational Standards for ‘Health and Social Care’. They are a means of establishing and maintaining good care practice. Relationships based on trust and respect should be developed between care receivers and care givers, thus promoting confidence whilst discussing personal matters without fear of reprisal and discrimination.
State and local public health departments throughout the country have the responsibility for improving health in workplaces, schools, and communities through identifying top health problems within society and developing a plan to improve. Barriers the public health system has encountered over the years include: changes in the overall health system that support cost containment and improved health, and an increase in the number of individuals with insurance coverage for direct preventive services; reduction of qualified public health professional and funding at all levels of government; increasing focus on accountability, with higher expectations for demonstrating a return on investment in terms of cost and health improvement (Trust, 2013). In the near future, health departments ...
A vertical public health program is a public health strategy where the majority of a health organization’s resources and expenses are concentrated to addressing one pressing health issue. Vertical public health programs generally foster the initiative to eradicate epidemic or pandemic disease. Understanding how a vertical programming is applied will allow public health practitioners to tailor health programs and initiatives to populations more efficiently and effectively. Advantages of vertical programming include harboring and dealing with singular goals as well as obtaining easily measurable progress towards the overall operation. Because of this, as well as the effective end result of vertical programing in achieving its goal, public health professionals can attain to its success as a program. However, vertical public health programs divert resources from other health institutions, therefore weakening the progress towards treating other medical problems. Therefore, this approach may have aspects of it that are appealing, yet it frequently neglects other issues and makes them seem less important, which should not be the case. In the case of a vertical program failing, as seen in the Hookworm Eradication Initiative, not only does the eradication of a disease not come to fruition, but treatment towards other ailments, for example, are hindered. Vertical programming draws resources and expertise away from primary care and the prevention of public health problems, contributing to the exacerbation of illnesses due to lack of sanitation, nutrition, and primary prevention, and is therefore inefficient.
The local health government (local health departments) are established to carry out the critical public health responsibilities embodied in state laws and local ordinances and to meet the needs and expectations of their communities (Turnock, p.188). The most dramatic change in the structure of public health practice was the development of local health agencies. They share responsibilities for public health with their state agencies. However, the top priorities for local health departments overall communicable disease control, environmental health services, and child health. They do this by providing a common core of services that generally includes immunizations for adults and children, tuberculosis screening/treatment, community nutrition services, community assessment/outreach/education, food safety inspections, and health education. (Turncock, B.
According to Allender, Rector, and Warner (2014), public health is a combination of both an art and a science (2014). The mission of public health nursing is to promote health, prevent disease and ultimately prolong life (Allender et al., 2014). In order for this to occur an assessment must take place. An aggregate or community assessment begins with a collection of data. This includes: the community’s health needs, risks, environmental conditions, financial resources through local census data, and a windshield survey (Allender et al., 2014). Through public health nursing, communities can collectively come together to help promote an overall better health standing.
Preventative healthcare is an accessible area that continues to increase in the healthcare segment. Preventative healthcare utilizes various methods to educate and avoid illnesses. Preventative healthcare also strives to improve the overall health wellness of Americans (Benedictine University Online, 2015). The functions of preventative health care inform the population, promote healthy lifestyles and provide early treatments for illnesses. The goal of prevention, also known as intervention is to reduce risks and threats to health (Benedictine University Online, 2015). Therefore, primary, secondary and tertiary are three principal components of the healthcare system.
The objectives of these health goals is to promote health awareness and to build health communities throughout the country and around the world. For example, the objectives for Healthy People 2020 are to attain high quality life, achieve long lives, free of preventable disease, disability, injury and prevention of premature death (Health People, 2020). It is fair to say that, for these goals to be achieved, it will take the effort of health care workers namely medical doctors, nurse practitioners and nurses. According to Zaccagnini and White (2014), "Nursing leadership is essential in implementing, and evaluating clinical preventions and interventions". DNP graduates in corporation with local and national organizations have disease outbreak surveillances in place. The National Nosocomial Infecting Surveillance System (NNIS) is one such program. This program was created by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) in 1970. According to, Culver, Horan, Jarvis, White, Olson, Banenjee, Edwards, Martone, Gaynes & Hughes, (1991) the CDC uses the data to monitor trends in infections and risk factors. This data is also used to estimate the magnitude of the nosocomial infection problem nationally. The DNP graduates are at the forefront of the health care delivery system. They use their skills and expertise to educate patients on health promotion and
By the act of fortifying the public health domain and the accessibility and dissemination of information, the society would become more knowledgeable, and people
The ten essential services of public health are a product of the Public Health Functions Project. This Project, developed in 1995in response to President Clinton’s Health Security Act (1993), help define what public health does. The Project refined and expanded the 3 core functions of public health, developed by the Institute of Medicine in 1988, to include and define 10 essential services that should be provided by every public health department in the United States. The Office of Prevention and Health Promotion, Office of Public Health Science, Office of the Secretary, and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services worked together and, in the process strengthened the public health infrastructure of our nation. Today, the 10 essential public
Today there are so many factors that affect the quality of health in our communities. In the project, I will assess the quality of health in my community. Throughout history the church has been a major factor and good starting point when attempting to understand the community. For this project I choose New Hope Baptist Church located at 284 Vine Street in Jackson, Ms pastured by Rev. Dock Cooper III. New Hope is located in area code 39206, and approximately 2 minutes from the Interstate 55, and 10 minutes from downtown Jackson. There are several churches located in this zip code (39206); also Highland Village shopping center is one of the more Up-scale shopping centers in Mississippi. This shopping center has over fifty stores, clothing jewelry, sporting and pharmacy. Schools are also spread out over this area Elementary, junior high and high schools. Jackson Academy is also located in the area, this school is widely known as one of the finest schools in Mississippi. Most of the homes and companies are old and are currently under re-construction. The population in the area is very high comprised of mostly middle-aged and young adults. The Jackson Police Department’s precinct #4 is located west of New Hope Baptist Church. Union Planters bank and Trust mark bank and a branch of the post office located in the center of the community. This community is well known as being in, “The Middle of everything”. And finally this is the community I have lived in the past 8 years.
Public health as it is implicated in the lives of the community – it is important to conceptualise what this might mean. Moreover, public health has seen as a multidiscipline perspective in which it can be defined on many levels, and I find that it could be elusive to understand its meaning. By simple understanding of public health, I refer to an approach derived by Winslow (1920) and Baggott (2000).
The five principles of HP include building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community action, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services (McMurray & Clendon 2015). The first principle aims to incorporate health into all public policy decisions beyond the health system so that living and working conditions become conducive to health and equity (Germov, Freij & Richmond 2015). According to McMurray & Clendon (2015), multi-sectoral collaboration is required among different sectors, such as education, industry and social welfare, with the reciprocally influential policies that guide the community health. The second principle emphasises the socio-ecological approach to health that promotes sustainable environment and broader social support systems that encourage a safe and satisfying life (Germov, Freij & Richmond 2015; McMurray & Clendon 2015). This principle requires to acknowledge the significance of conserving the physical or social resources that allow people to maintain health (McMurray & Clendon 2015). The third principle focuses on information and learning opportunities that enable communities to make knowledgeable choices for better health (McMurray & Clendon
Some, such as the establishment of surveillance systems, dissemination of guidelines, implementation of research findings, or development of effective public health programs, are examples of such tools by which public health has dealt with the burden of disease for decades. However, we still continue to face new challenges, not the least, the threat to our environment through climate change, emerging and re-emerging infections such as Zika, Ebola, SARS, Elizabethkingia, the ever present threat of an influenza pandemic, high risk behaviors such as substance abuse – spiraling heroin abuse of recent and Neglected Tropical Diseases (Lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminths and trachoma.) that caused health and life expectancy loss with consequential reduced ability to
The criminal justice perspective is reactive while the public health perspective is proactive. The three different preventions discussed are the primary, secondary, and tertiary. The public health perspective concentrates on primary preventions. Primary prevention tends to look at and target and then alter one or more critical factors. Secondary prevention is where the factors are identified and key changes in development of disease, death, and injuries are changed. Tertiary prevention occurs after the illness or injury has occurred and looks for ways to minimize or reduce
To reiterate these six components, which are innovation, technical package, communication, management, and political commitment – the community is hand in hand associated with core functions of Public Health. In Public Health the three main core functions are assessment, policy development, and assurance. Assessment is a tool that helps monitors different health and environmental statutes to create, deploy, and identify solutions. It also used a diagnostic tool to investigate health-related problems and different health hazards. Policy development is an act of informing and educating those developed ideas and topics that help the communities and different organizations in their health care efforts. Lastly, assurance utilizes different laws and regulations to help in the aid of protecting the public or environment at risk. It also re-evaluates the laws and regulations to see its effectiveness and its quality (Schneider,