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My understandings of personality
Understanding Personality Theory
Understanding Personality Theory
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All humans have a personality. Personality is referred as the “individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving” (insert citation later on). Personality is an essential asset for human social interaction and helps define the person. Psychologist having been trying to understand the personality of a child. Through experimentation and theorizing it can be concluded that the myth “Our personality is not formed until we are about 5 years old” is busted. Many psychologist have theorized on the development of the human personality. Beginning with Sigmund Freud he theorized that the personality was developed through psychosexual stages. Psychosexual stages are defined as “Each stage is characterized by a particular
In Temperament and personality development across the life span it is stated “The idea that happiness depends on personality” (Victoria J Molfese; Dennis L Molfese; NetLibrary, Inc., 2000, p. 214). Behavior-genetic studies are used to draw conclusions on how subject well-being and emotions fit together. Early childhood temperament is as well studied to build the relationship between subject well-being and development of personality. Temperament is a person’s nature. There is theories that childhood temperament may have an influence on adult personality later on in life. “Temperament studies and behavior-genetic studies are only the first step in identifying and explaining the relations between personality and subject well-being.” (Victoria J Molfese; Dennis L Molfese; NetLibrary, Inc., 2000, p. 219). Aspects of personality is linked with other things that humans develop as growing
He conducted his experiment in the 1940’s. The child observes objects different than adults. Infants express words through the unity of the body to express the words. Wolff begins to discuss about how the child begins looking for the inner self “The mirror leads the child to the first philosophical problem, namely, that of being confronted with himself; he realizes that he has to discover himself, and then the world by himself.” (Wolff, 2014, p.72). Wolff talks about how there are three different basic forms of expression a child use. The following expressions are the expression of thought, the expression of action, and the expression of movement. The expression of thought is how the memory relates. The expression of action is studied in behavioral observations. The expression of movement is judged by neutral observers on the subject. (Wolff,
Sigmund Freud is credited with the establishment of the psychoanalytic theory. At the foundation of Freud's personality theory is that people are basically an energy system through which energy is directed and released through a means of expression that faces the lease resistance. Another aspect of Freud's theory is that the majority of one's development occurs in the early years of life, up until the age of five. There are three main stages: oral, anal and phallic. These may eventually become exemplified as types of adult personalities. Additionally, people's actions are ...
Levine, L. E., & Munsch, J. (2011). Temperament. In L. E. Levine, & J. Munsch, Child Development: An active Approach (pp. 342-343). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publishers.
The results of the studies on adult personality indicate stability changes in adult personality. At a certain period it is stated that there was no good evidence that an individual’s personality are not perfectly stable. However, there is change of stability during a person’s lifespan and is relatively stable after age
Psychodynamic and behavioural approaches are the two major approaches to personality, however, they view personality from different perspectives. Psychodynamic approach makes the argument that personality is caused by forces in the unconscious that are not learned. The individual has little control over their behaviour as it is predetermined, and early childhood plays a crucial part in shaping a person’s personality. Behavioural approach, on the other hand, recognises personality as learned and focuses only on present behavioural matters. Because of
Personality is a branch of scientific discipline that studies temperament and its variation among people. It is a dynamic and a set of characteristics possessed by their atmosphere, cognitions, emotions, motivations and behaviours in various things. Personality conjointly refers to the pattern of thoughts, feelings, social adjustments and behaviour consistently exhibited over time that powerfully influences one’s exceptions, self-perceptions, values and attitudes. It also predicts human reactions to different folks, problems and stress.
Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson are two theorists that “believed the major determinants of personality are not conscious…[and] are the result of conflict through the various stages of development” (Cloninger 2013). Both theorists described different stages a person goes through during development. Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development were greatly influenced by Freud’s psychosexual stages of development. “Erikson’s theory builds on that of Freud, presuming hat biology provides the motivation of personality through the psychosexual stages that Freud outlined. However biological sexual energy is not the only consideration.” (Cloninger 2013). Rather than focusing on a person’s libido, also known as the person’s sexual-psychic energy, as the driving force behind personality, Erikson described how social influences could have an affect on a person’s personality.
Freud believed that humans develop through stages based on particular erogenous zones. Freud theorized that to gain a healthy personality as an adult, a person would have to successfully complete a certain sequence of five stages. Within the five stages of Freud’s psychosexual development theory, Freud assumed there would be major consequences if any stage was not completed successfully. The stages, in order, were the oral stage, the anal stage, the phallic stage, the latency stage, and the genital stage. In general, Freud believed that an unsuccessful completion of any stage would make a person become fixated on that particular stage. The outcome would lead the person to either over indulge or under indulge the failed stage during adulthood. Freud truly believed that the outcomes of the psychosexual stages played a major part in the development of the human personality. Eventually, these outcomes would become different driving forces in every human being’s personality. The driving forces would determine how a person would interact with the world around them. The results from Freud’s theory about the stages of psychosexual development led Freud to create the concept of the human psyche; Freud’s biggest contribution to
Sigmund Freud developed the psychosexual stages of development to describe the chronological process of development that took place from birth through later adulthood. The stages of psychosexual are oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital. Freud developed that as children grow they progress from self-pleasing sexual activity to reproductive activity. Through this developmental process one will develop adult personality. Freud put much emphasis on sexual context of how ones libido, which is one sexual desires played a role in each stage of development. Freud emphasizes that individuals will strive to obtain pleasures in each stage of development, which becomes the basis of ones personality.
Developmental psychology is an area of research dedicated to the understanding of child-development. Throughout history many theories have been used to attempt to explain the complex process. Two of those theorists, Freud and Erikson, were instrumental in creating a foundation for child-psychology to build on. From a Freudian perspective, human development is centered on psychosexual theory. Psychosexual theory indicates that maturation of the sex drives underlies stages of personality development. Alternatively, Erikson is considered a neo-freudian scholar who developed psychosocial theory. In Erikson models there are eight major conflicts that occur during the course of an individual’s life.
Personality is the study of an individual’s unique and relatively stable patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving over time and across situations and it is what distinguishes one individual from another. In the past changes in personality were thought to have only occurred in the developmental stages of childhood and solidifies in adolescence. After the teenage years it was thought to be set like plaster or the change seen to be inconsequential or absent( Srivastava, John, Gosling, and Potter, 2003). However, recent studies have suggested that changes in personality traits continue to occur throughout an individual’s lifespan due to multiple reasons.
Temperaments are something we are all born with. They display personality traits like attitudes, personal values, and talents. We can not change our temperament. It is what makes us who we are. We should be thankful God has given us different temperaments. A temperament is the the combination of inborn traits that subconsciously affect man’s behavior. Each temperament has its strengths , challenges, Qualities, and shortcomings. The four temperaments are melancholy, Phlegmatic, choleric, and sanguine. The four temperaments were originated in ancient times. They were originally known as the four humors.
Our personalities are what distinguish us from each other beyond our appearance; without them, we would all behave and react in the same way. Personality is the reason we are outgoing or introverted, persistent or blaze, and anxious or calm. We each have different levels of these competing characteristics that make us unique. But why are personalities so varied? Personality is determined by an array of factors from genetic and biological to the personal experiences and decisions we have faced from the day we are born. The complexity of our personalities cannot be simply explained, and for this reason there exists many different theories of how it’s developed and personality is still deeply under study. I went into this subject with an open-mind
The period of development from adolescence to adulthood offers an abundance of opportunities and confronts (Kroger, 2007). Many theorists argue that an individual’s personality has an increased
Personality involves a blend of characteristics that make one unique. In reviewing personality, we consider the influence of the interactions that one is engaged in, the nature or the environment of one's upbringing and genetics. The characteristic traits may change over time while some of them becoming a lasting part of a person’s personality. In this essay will analyze the theories that relate to the character and the various stages that children undergo during development. We will use the same theories and developmental stages in analysis my progress from childhood up to date.
Personality is the expression of a person’s traits according to ones feelings, mentality and behavior. It involves understanding individuals’ traits such as withdrawal and willpower and how various parts of an individual link together to form personality. Personality expresses itself from within an individual and is comparatively regular throughout in an individual’s life. Different people have different personalities dependent on factors such as environment and genetic composition. Our personality is dependent on the success or failure of our development in the eight stages of life. This is proposed by Erik Erikson. Success in the development stages lead to virtues while the failure leads to malignancies.